2. influence of seed vigour levels and invigouration treatments...
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HEAT STRESS ON CHICKPEA CROP IN MADHYA PRADESH
Heat stress can damage plant growth and development by disrupting key processes like photosynthesis, membrane integrity, and protein function. The document discusses several ways plants respond and adapt to heat stress at the molecular, physiological, morphological, and phenological levels. It provides examples of heat stress thresholds for different crops, antioxidant responses, accumulation of compatible solutes, and expression of heat shock proteins which help protect plants against heat damage.
Factors affecting seed vigour
The document discusses many factors that affect seed vigor and quality. It explains that seed vigor is maximized by producing seed crops under optimal environmental conditions, harvesting seeds as soon as they reach physiological maturity, and carefully handling, conditioning, and storing seeds to minimize damage. Some key factors discussed include initial seed quality, nutrition, temperature during seed development, rainfall, soil moisture levels, use of chemicals, harvesting methods, field weathering effects, and storage conditions and duration. The kind or variety of seed can also influence its storability. Timely harvesting and proper storage are important for maintaining high seed vigor.
Vigour tests as indicators of seed viability
Seed marks the beginning of each plant production and therefore
ensuring its quality is the priority of modern seed science and a prerequisite
for obtaining high yields of all plant species. Determination of seed quality
and its viability indicates what seed lots can be placed onto the market, and
for that reason it is very important to have reliable methods and tests to be
used for seed quality and seed vigour testing
seed viability dormancy and storage
This document discusses seed viability, dormancy, and storage. It defines seed viability as the ability of a seed to germinate and produce a normal seedling. Seed viability can be reduced by adverse weather during development or environmental conditions after maturity. Methods to test viability include tetrazolium tests, germination tests, and x-ray analysis. Seed dormancy is when viable seeds do not germinate under favorable conditions. Causes of dormancy include impermeable seed coats and immature embryos. Dormancy can be broken through mechanical or chemical scarification. Seed storage aims to maintain seed quality until planting by keeping seeds dry and cool in sealed containers or conditioned facilities.
13a. influence of phosphorus solubilizing biofertilizers on plant growth and ...
1) Dual inoculation of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus megaterium or Pseudomonas striata) with the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus fasciculatum significantly increased various growth parameters, yield attributes, and seed yield of sunflower compared to uninoculated controls or single inoculations.
2) Application of 100% of the recommended phosphorus dose further improved all measured parameters compared to 50% of the recommended dose.
3) Dual inoculation led to earlier flowering and maturity compared to other treatments, by enhancing nutrient uptake and plant hormone production. Increased nutrients, photosynthates, and seed filling contributed to higher seed yield with dual inoculation treatments
25. comparative study of genetic variations as determined from marker systems
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is most important Solanacous vegetable grown worldwide for
its edible fruits. Various marker techniques have been successfully applied, either individually or in
combination to study the genetic diversity of this crop. A Study to assess the usefulness of different
markers system for analyzing the genetic diversity and relation between different varieties and to find out
correlation between marker systems revealed that all tested tomato cultivars could be differentiated from
each other based on either morphological/protein/RAPD markers individually, and can be applied for
grouping of cultivars, pedigree analysis and genetic diversity analysis. However, markers system used in
this study showed variations in understanding the genetic relation between studied varieties.
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This document describes a study that validated molecular markers linked to sterility and fertility restorer genes in Brassica juncea. The study used a cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) B. juncea line carrying altered mitochondrial DNA from Moricandia arvensis, a maintainer line, and a restorer line. PCR with SCAR and orf108 primers found the markers were only present in the fertile restorer line and F1 hybrid, validating their linkage to the fertility restorer gene. This marker can accelerate breeding of restorer lines and assess hybrid seed purity without lengthy grow-out tests.
22. utilization of ssr markers for seed purity testing in popular rice hybrids
This document describes a study that used simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to identify two popular rice hybrids (KRH-2 and DRRH-2) and their parental lines. Thirty-five SSR markers were tested, and six were found to be polymorphic across the hybrids and parents, allowing unique fingerprints for each hybrid. Five markers (RM 206, RM 276, RM 204, RM 234 and RM 228) differentiated the two hybrids. Analysis of parental lines found residual heterozygosity at two loci, highlighting the importance of SSR markers for maintaining genetic purity. A 20x20 grow-out matrix trial validated that the identified SSR markers effectively detected contaminants in commercial seed lots, comparable to
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Heat stress can damage plant growth and development by disrupting key processes like photosynthesis, membrane integrity, and protein function. The document discusses several ways plants respond and adapt to heat stress at the molecular, physiological, morphological, and phenological levels. It provides examples of heat stress thresholds for different crops, antioxidant responses, accumulation of compatible solutes, and expression of heat shock proteins which help protect plants against heat damage.
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The document discusses many factors that affect seed vigor and quality. It explains that seed vigor is maximized by producing seed crops under optimal environmental conditions, harvesting seeds as soon as they reach physiological maturity, and carefully handling, conditioning, and storing seeds to minimize damage. Some key factors discussed include initial seed quality, nutrition, temperature during seed development, rainfall, soil moisture levels, use of chemicals, harvesting methods, field weathering effects, and storage conditions and duration. The kind or variety of seed can also influence its storability. Timely harvesting and proper storage are important for maintaining high seed vigor.
Vigour tests as indicators of seed viability
Seed marks the beginning of each plant production and therefore
ensuring its quality is the priority of modern seed science and a prerequisite
for obtaining high yields of all plant species. Determination of seed quality
and its viability indicates what seed lots can be placed onto the market, and
for that reason it is very important to have reliable methods and tests to be
used for seed quality and seed vigour testing
seed viability dormancy and storage
This document discusses seed viability, dormancy, and storage. It defines seed viability as the ability of a seed to germinate and produce a normal seedling. Seed viability can be reduced by adverse weather during development or environmental conditions after maturity. Methods to test viability include tetrazolium tests, germination tests, and x-ray analysis. Seed dormancy is when viable seeds do not germinate under favorable conditions. Causes of dormancy include impermeable seed coats and immature embryos. Dormancy can be broken through mechanical or chemical scarification. Seed storage aims to maintain seed quality until planting by keeping seeds dry and cool in sealed containers or conditioned facilities.
13a. influence of phosphorus solubilizing biofertilizers on plant growth and ...
1) Dual inoculation of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus megaterium or Pseudomonas striata) with the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus fasciculatum significantly increased various growth parameters, yield attributes, and seed yield of sunflower compared to uninoculated controls or single inoculations.
2) Application of 100% of the recommended phosphorus dose further improved all measured parameters compared to 50% of the recommended dose.
3) Dual inoculation led to earlier flowering and maturity compared to other treatments, by enhancing nutrient uptake and plant hormone production. Increased nutrients, photosynthates, and seed filling contributed to higher seed yield with dual inoculation treatments
25. comparative study of genetic variations as determined from marker systems
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is most important Solanacous vegetable grown worldwide for
its edible fruits. Various marker techniques have been successfully applied, either individually or in
combination to study the genetic diversity of this crop. A Study to assess the usefulness of different
markers system for analyzing the genetic diversity and relation between different varieties and to find out
correlation between marker systems revealed that all tested tomato cultivars could be differentiated from
each other based on either morphological/protein/RAPD markers individually, and can be applied for
grouping of cultivars, pedigree analysis and genetic diversity analysis. However, markers system used in
this study showed variations in understanding the genetic relation between studied varieties.
23. validation of molecular markers linked to sterility and fertility restore...
This document describes a study that validated molecular markers linked to sterility and fertility restorer genes in Brassica juncea. The study used a cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) B. juncea line carrying altered mitochondrial DNA from Moricandia arvensis, a maintainer line, and a restorer line. PCR with SCAR and orf108 primers found the markers were only present in the fertile restorer line and F1 hybrid, validating their linkage to the fertility restorer gene. This marker can accelerate breeding of restorer lines and assess hybrid seed purity without lengthy grow-out tests.
22. utilization of ssr markers for seed purity testing in popular rice hybrids
This document describes a study that used simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to identify two popular rice hybrids (KRH-2 and DRRH-2) and their parental lines. Thirty-five SSR markers were tested, and six were found to be polymorphic across the hybrids and parents, allowing unique fingerprints for each hybrid. Five markers (RM 206, RM 276, RM 204, RM 234 and RM 228) differentiated the two hybrids. Analysis of parental lines found residual heterozygosity at two loci, highlighting the importance of SSR markers for maintaining genetic purity. A 20x20 grow-out matrix trial validated that the identified SSR markers effectively detected contaminants in commercial seed lots, comparable to
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19. identification of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) varieties through tota...
This document summarizes a study that identified tomato varieties through analysis of their total soluble seed proteins. Researchers extracted proteins from seeds of 24 tomato varieties and separated the proteins using gel electrophoresis. The varieties showed variation in their protein banding patterns and intensities, allowing differentiation of the varieties. Some varieties exhibited more protein bands than others. Through comparison of the banding patterns, each variety showed a unique protein profile that distinguished it from the other varieties. This protein analysis provides a method for identifying tomato varieties that is difficult to do based on morphological characteristics alone due to extensive breeding.
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This document summarizes a study that identified SSR markers for distinguishing sunflower hybrids from their parental lines. Researchers screened 58 SSR primer pairs on 5 hybrids and their parental lines. They identified two SSR markers, ORS 309 and ORS 170, that can distinguish hybrid KBSH-44 based on complementary banding patterns between the hybrid and its parents. Another marker, ORS 811, was found to specifically identify hybrid KBSH-53. The identified SSR markers provide a tool for assessing genetic purity of these hybrids by detecting the presence of both parental alleles.
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This study evaluated the effect of seed size on seed quality parameters in two French bean varieties after artificial aging. Seeds were graded into sizes of bulk, 4.50mm, 4.75mm, and 5.00mm. Larger seeds of 5.00mm showed significantly better germination, seedling length, vigor index, and enzyme activity compared to smaller seeds after aging. The highest electrical conductivity was found in smaller seeds. Both varieties showed improved seed quality with increasing seed size, with Burpee stringless performing better overall. Larger seeds demonstrated superior storability and quality maintenance after aging.
16. varietal characterization of tomato cultivars based on rapd markers
This study characterized 24 tomato cultivars using RAPD markers. Eleven primers produced 100 bands, of which 89.39% were polymorphic. Each cultivar had unique DNA sequences not found in others. The primers OPC-02, OPC-19, OPD-19, OPD-18 and OPC-08 generated the most unique bands, producing 13 unique bands among 10 cultivars. The combination of OPB-10 with either OPC-19 or OPB-08 was sufficient to identify all 24 tomato cultivars.
14. study on occurrence and safe removal of dormancy in sunflower
This study examined seed dormancy in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and methods for its safe removal. The study found:
1) Sunflower seeds exhibited dormancy in the early stages of maturation, with germination increasing from 2% at 30 days after pollination to 16% at 40 days.
2) Naturally, dormancy dissipated between 30-40 days after harvest, with maximum germination of 98.5% at 60 days after harvest.
3) For removing dormancy, soaking seeds in water for 24 hours resulted in the highest germination of 82%, followed by dry heating at 80C for 10 minutes which achieved 81% germination.
11. physiological maturity studies in phyllanthus amarus
The study examined physiological maturity in Phyllanthus amarus, an important medicinal plant. Seeds reached maximum dry weight of 136g at 55 days after anthesis, with a moisture content of 27.65%, germination rate of 88%, and highest vigor index, indicating the crop had reached physiological maturity. Harvesting of P. amarus for seed purposes under Bangalore conditions should occur around 55 days after anthesis to obtain higher seed yield and quality.
10. influence of accelerated ageing on total soluble seed protein profiles of...
This study investigated the effects of accelerated aging on total soluble seed protein profiles in tomato seeds. Tomato seeds were aged for 0-9 days and evaluated for germination and vigor. Germination and vigor declined with increased aging. Protein profiles were analyzed using SDS-PAGE. The study found that as aging increased, band intensity declined, bands were lost, and some bands degraded into lower molecular weight subunits. However, little variation was observed in protein profiles up to 3 days of aging, which corresponded to 41% germination. This suggests that seed lots with slight declines in germination or vigor below certification standards could still be used for varietal characterization or genetic purity testing via protein profiling, but not severely aged lots below 50% ger
9. identification of rice hybrids and their parental lines based on
This document summarizes a study that identified three rice hybrids and their parental lines using various characteristics. Seed color, size, weight, and chemical tests including phenol, sodium hydroxide, and growth regulators partially distinguished the genotypes. No single test identified all genotypes. However, electrophoresis of total soluble seed proteins using SDS-PAGE clearly differentiated each genotype based on protein banding patterns, providing a powerful identification tool.
8. improved germination of gymnacranthera canarica warb. an
This document discusses methods to improve the germination of Gymnacranthera canarica, an endangered tree species in Western Ghats, India. Seed viability was found to be 98% but initial germination was only 40%, indicating dormancy. Treatments tested included seed coat removal, gibberellic acid (GA3), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Seed coat removal alone increased germination to 60%. GA3 at 100 ppm with partial seed coat removal resulted in the highest germination of 79%. Higher or lower GA3 concentrations were less effective. IAA treatments did not significantly improve germination. Boiling water and cold treatments showed no germination. The results provide a method
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This document summarizes a study on the influence of different seed extraction methods on seed quality in leaf curl resistant tomato varieties. The study found that acid extraction with 2.5% HCl for 30 minutes and natural fermentation for 24 hours produced seeds with the highest germination rates above 90% and lowest mycoflora loads. Both methods showed similarly high seedling vigor and germination after accelerated aging. Extending acid extraction or fermentation times reduced seed quality. While variety did not significantly impact extraction method results, the susceptible variety Arka Vikas showed poorer storability.
5. effect of stage of fruit pickings on seed quality in leaf curl resistant t...
This study examined the effect of fruit picking stage on seed quality in tomato varieties resistant to leaf curl virus across different seasons. The results showed:
1) In kharif and rabi seasons, seeds from the third picking had the highest seed weight, seed-to-fruit ratio, germination percentage, and seedling vigor index, followed by the second and first pickings.
2) In the summer season, seeds from the second picking followed by the first picking recorded higher seed quality parameters compared to the third picking.
3) Across all seasons and varieties, seeds from earlier pickings (first, second, third) generally showed higher seed quality parameters compared to later pickings (fourth, fifth).
4. effect of planting seasons on seed yield and quality of tomato varieties r...
The study evaluated the effect of planting seasons and tomato varieties on seed yield and quality. It found that the rabi season produced significantly higher growth, fruit yield, and seed yield compared to kharif and summer seasons. The variety Vybav had the highest fruit yield across seasons but the lowest seed-fruit ratio, while Nandi yielded the highest seed per hectare during rabi season. All varieties showed no leaf curl infection in all seasons except Arka Vikas, which was 100% infected in summer. The results indicate that rabi season is best for seed production of the new leaf curl resistant tomato varieties Nandi, Sankranthi, and Vybav in Bangalore conditions.
3. sowing dates of foliar diseases in french bean j.a.hort.
The document discusses a 5 step process but provides no details on the actual steps or content of the process. It references 5 paragraphs but leaves the information in each paragraph undefined. In short, the document outlines a high-level structure with 5 parts but does not explain or elaborate on what each part entails.
6. influence of seed extraction methods on seed quality in leaf curl resistan...
This document summarizes a study on the influence of different seed extraction methods on seed quality in leaf curl resistant tomato varieties. The study found that acid extraction with 2.5% HCl for 30 minutes and natural fermentation for 24 hours produced seeds with the highest germination rates above 90% and lowest mycoflora loads. Both methods showed similarly high seedling vigor and germination after accelerated aging. Extending acid extraction or fermentation times reduced seed quality. While variety did not significantly impact extraction method results, the susceptible variety Arka Vikas showed poorer storability.
5. effect of stage of fruit pickings on seed quality in leaf curl resistant t...
This study examined the effect of fruit picking stage on seed quality in tomato varieties resistant to leaf curl virus across different seasons. Seeds from earlier pickings (1st-3rd) generally showed higher seed quality parameters like weight, germination, and vigor index compared to later pickings (4th-5th). Specifically, the 3rd picking yielded the highest quality seeds in kharif and rabi seasons, while the 2nd picking performed best in summer. Across varieties and seasons, seeds from the 3rd picking consistently demonstrated maximum 1000 seed weight, germination percentage, seedling length and vigor index. Therefore, fruits from earlier pickings are best suited for seed production due to their superior seed quality, while later pick
4. effect of planting seasons on seed yield and quality of tomato varieties r...
The study evaluated the effect of planting seasons and tomato varieties on seed yield and quality. It found that the rabi season produced significantly higher growth, fruit yield, and seed yield compared to kharif and summer seasons. The variety Nandi recorded the highest seed yield during rabi season. Leaf curl infection was nil for varieties Nandi, Sankranthi, and Vybav across all seasons, while Arka Vikas showed 100% infection in summer. In conclusion, rabi season was determined to be best for seed production of the new leaf curl resistant tomato varieties in Bangalore conditions.
3. sowing dates of foliar diseases in french bean j.a.hort.
The document discusses a 5 step process but provides no details on the actual steps or content of the process. It references 5 paragraphs but leaves the information in each paragraph undefined. In short, the summary cannot provide any meaningful insights as the document contains no substantive information to summarize.
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This document summarizes research on the efficacy of the fungicide Thifluzamide against rice sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Field trials from 2005-2009 found that two applications of Thifluzamide at 90-110g ai/ha effectively reduced disease severity and increased yield compared to the untreated control. Residue analysis also found Thifluzamide and its metabolites below quantifiable limits at the tested doses, indicating it breaks down safely. Thifluzamide is proposed as an effective new fungicide that can be integrated into sheath blight resistance management programs.
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This document summarizes a study that identified tomato varieties through analysis of their total soluble seed proteins. Researchers extracted proteins from seeds of 24 tomato varieties and separated the proteins using gel electrophoresis. The varieties showed variation in their protein banding patterns and intensities, allowing differentiation of the varieties. Some varieties exhibited more protein bands than others. Through comparison of the banding patterns, each variety showed a unique protein profile that distinguished it from the other varieties. This protein analysis provides a method for identifying tomato varieties that is difficult to do based on morphological characteristics alone due to extensive breeding.
18. identification of ssr markers for hybridity and seed genetic purity
This document summarizes a study that identified SSR markers for distinguishing sunflower hybrids from their parental lines. Researchers screened 58 SSR primer pairs on 5 hybrids and their parental lines. They identified two SSR markers, ORS 309 and ORS 170, that can distinguish hybrid KBSH-44 based on complementary banding patterns between the hybrid and its parents. Another marker, ORS 811, was found to specifically identify hybrid KBSH-53. The identified SSR markers provide a tool for assessing genetic purity of these hybrids by detecting the presence of both parental alleles.
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This study evaluated the effect of seed size on seed quality parameters in two French bean varieties after artificial aging. Seeds were graded into sizes of bulk, 4.50mm, 4.75mm, and 5.00mm. Larger seeds of 5.00mm showed significantly better germination, seedling length, vigor index, and enzyme activity compared to smaller seeds after aging. The highest electrical conductivity was found in smaller seeds. Both varieties showed improved seed quality with increasing seed size, with Burpee stringless performing better overall. Larger seeds demonstrated superior storability and quality maintenance after aging.
16. varietal characterization of tomato cultivars based on rapd markers
This study characterized 24 tomato cultivars using RAPD markers. Eleven primers produced 100 bands, of which 89.39% were polymorphic. Each cultivar had unique DNA sequences not found in others. The primers OPC-02, OPC-19, OPD-19, OPD-18 and OPC-08 generated the most unique bands, producing 13 unique bands among 10 cultivars. The combination of OPB-10 with either OPC-19 or OPB-08 was sufficient to identify all 24 tomato cultivars.
14. study on occurrence and safe removal of dormancy in sunflower
This study examined seed dormancy in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and methods for its safe removal. The study found:
1) Sunflower seeds exhibited dormancy in the early stages of maturation, with germination increasing from 2% at 30 days after pollination to 16% at 40 days.
2) Naturally, dormancy dissipated between 30-40 days after harvest, with maximum germination of 98.5% at 60 days after harvest.
3) For removing dormancy, soaking seeds in water for 24 hours resulted in the highest germination of 82%, followed by dry heating at 80C for 10 minutes which achieved 81% germination.
11. physiological maturity studies in phyllanthus amarus
The study examined physiological maturity in Phyllanthus amarus, an important medicinal plant. Seeds reached maximum dry weight of 136g at 55 days after anthesis, with a moisture content of 27.65%, germination rate of 88%, and highest vigor index, indicating the crop had reached physiological maturity. Harvesting of P. amarus for seed purposes under Bangalore conditions should occur around 55 days after anthesis to obtain higher seed yield and quality.
10. influence of accelerated ageing on total soluble seed protein profiles of...
This study investigated the effects of accelerated aging on total soluble seed protein profiles in tomato seeds. Tomato seeds were aged for 0-9 days and evaluated for germination and vigor. Germination and vigor declined with increased aging. Protein profiles were analyzed using SDS-PAGE. The study found that as aging increased, band intensity declined, bands were lost, and some bands degraded into lower molecular weight subunits. However, little variation was observed in protein profiles up to 3 days of aging, which corresponded to 41% germination. This suggests that seed lots with slight declines in germination or vigor below certification standards could still be used for varietal characterization or genetic purity testing via protein profiling, but not severely aged lots below 50% ger
9. identification of rice hybrids and their parental lines based on
This document summarizes a study that identified three rice hybrids and their parental lines using various characteristics. Seed color, size, weight, and chemical tests including phenol, sodium hydroxide, and growth regulators partially distinguished the genotypes. No single test identified all genotypes. However, electrophoresis of total soluble seed proteins using SDS-PAGE clearly differentiated each genotype based on protein banding patterns, providing a powerful identification tool.
8. improved germination of gymnacranthera canarica warb. an
This document discusses methods to improve the germination of Gymnacranthera canarica, an endangered tree species in Western Ghats, India. Seed viability was found to be 98% but initial germination was only 40%, indicating dormancy. Treatments tested included seed coat removal, gibberellic acid (GA3), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Seed coat removal alone increased germination to 60%. GA3 at 100 ppm with partial seed coat removal resulted in the highest germination of 79%. Higher or lower GA3 concentrations were less effective. IAA treatments did not significantly improve germination. Boiling water and cold treatments showed no germination. The results provide a method
6. influence of seed extraction methods on seed quality in leaf curl resistan...
This document summarizes a study on the influence of different seed extraction methods on seed quality in leaf curl resistant tomato varieties. The study found that acid extraction with 2.5% HCl for 30 minutes and natural fermentation for 24 hours produced seeds with the highest germination rates above 90% and lowest mycoflora loads. Both methods showed similarly high seedling vigor and germination after accelerated aging. Extending acid extraction or fermentation times reduced seed quality. While variety did not significantly impact extraction method results, the susceptible variety Arka Vikas showed poorer storability.
5. effect of stage of fruit pickings on seed quality in leaf curl resistant t...
This study examined the effect of fruit picking stage on seed quality in tomato varieties resistant to leaf curl virus across different seasons. The results showed:
1) In kharif and rabi seasons, seeds from the third picking had the highest seed weight, seed-to-fruit ratio, germination percentage, and seedling vigor index, followed by the second and first pickings.
2) In the summer season, seeds from the second picking followed by the first picking recorded higher seed quality parameters compared to the third picking.
3) Across all seasons and varieties, seeds from earlier pickings (first, second, third) generally showed higher seed quality parameters compared to later pickings (fourth, fifth).
4. effect of planting seasons on seed yield and quality of tomato varieties r...
The study evaluated the effect of planting seasons and tomato varieties on seed yield and quality. It found that the rabi season produced significantly higher growth, fruit yield, and seed yield compared to kharif and summer seasons. The variety Vybav had the highest fruit yield across seasons but the lowest seed-fruit ratio, while Nandi yielded the highest seed per hectare during rabi season. All varieties showed no leaf curl infection in all seasons except Arka Vikas, which was 100% infected in summer. The results indicate that rabi season is best for seed production of the new leaf curl resistant tomato varieties Nandi, Sankranthi, and Vybav in Bangalore conditions.
3. sowing dates of foliar diseases in french bean j.a.hort.
The document discusses a 5 step process but provides no details on the actual steps or content of the process. It references 5 paragraphs but leaves the information in each paragraph undefined. In short, the document outlines a high-level structure with 5 parts but does not explain or elaborate on what each part entails.
6. influence of seed extraction methods on seed quality in leaf curl resistan...
This document summarizes a study on the influence of different seed extraction methods on seed quality in leaf curl resistant tomato varieties. The study found that acid extraction with 2.5% HCl for 30 minutes and natural fermentation for 24 hours produced seeds with the highest germination rates above 90% and lowest mycoflora loads. Both methods showed similarly high seedling vigor and germination after accelerated aging. Extending acid extraction or fermentation times reduced seed quality. While variety did not significantly impact extraction method results, the susceptible variety Arka Vikas showed poorer storability.
5. effect of stage of fruit pickings on seed quality in leaf curl resistant t...
This study examined the effect of fruit picking stage on seed quality in tomato varieties resistant to leaf curl virus across different seasons. Seeds from earlier pickings (1st-3rd) generally showed higher seed quality parameters like weight, germination, and vigor index compared to later pickings (4th-5th). Specifically, the 3rd picking yielded the highest quality seeds in kharif and rabi seasons, while the 2nd picking performed best in summer. Across varieties and seasons, seeds from the 3rd picking consistently demonstrated maximum 1000 seed weight, germination percentage, seedling length and vigor index. Therefore, fruits from earlier pickings are best suited for seed production due to their superior seed quality, while later pick
4. effect of planting seasons on seed yield and quality of tomato varieties r...
The study evaluated the effect of planting seasons and tomato varieties on seed yield and quality. It found that the rabi season produced significantly higher growth, fruit yield, and seed yield compared to kharif and summer seasons. The variety Nandi recorded the highest seed yield during rabi season. Leaf curl infection was nil for varieties Nandi, Sankranthi, and Vybav across all seasons, while Arka Vikas showed 100% infection in summer. In conclusion, rabi season was determined to be best for seed production of the new leaf curl resistant tomato varieties in Bangalore conditions.
3. sowing dates of foliar diseases in french bean j.a.hort.
The document discusses a 5 step process but provides no details on the actual steps or content of the process. It references 5 paragraphs but leaves the information in each paragraph undefined. In short, the summary cannot provide any meaningful insights as the document contains no substantive information to summarize.
More from Vishwanath Koti (20)
21. a new carboxynilide group fungicide against paddy sheath blight
21. a new carboxynilide group fungicide against paddy sheath blight
19. identification of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) varieties through tota...
19. identification of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) varieties through tota...
18. identification of ssr markers for hybridity and seed genetic purity
18. identification of ssr markers for hybridity and seed genetic purity
17. prediction of storability of different seed size grades of french bean
17. prediction of storability of different seed size grades of french bean
16. varietal characterization of tomato cultivars based on rapd markers
16. varietal characterization of tomato cultivars based on rapd markers
14. study on occurrence and safe removal of dormancy in sunflower
14. study on occurrence and safe removal of dormancy in sunflower
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12. a report on seed abnormality in gymnacanthera farquhariana hook f. and th...
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11. physiological maturity studies in phyllanthus amarus
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10. influence of accelerated ageing on total soluble seed protein profiles of...
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9. identification of rice hybrids and their parental lines based on
8. improved germination of gymnacranthera canarica warb. an
8. improved germination of gymnacranthera canarica warb. an
7. standardization of screen sizes for french bean seed processing
7. standardization of screen sizes for french bean seed processing
6. influence of seed extraction methods on seed quality in leaf curl resistan...
6. influence of seed extraction methods on seed quality in leaf curl resistan...
5. effect of stage of fruit pickings on seed quality in leaf curl resistant t...
5. effect of stage of fruit pickings on seed quality in leaf curl resistant t...
4. effect of planting seasons on seed yield and quality of tomato varieties r...
4. effect of planting seasons on seed yield and quality of tomato varieties r...
3. sowing dates of foliar diseases in french bean j.a.hort.
3. sowing dates of foliar diseases in french bean j.a.hort.
6. influence of seed extraction methods on seed quality in leaf curl resistan...
6. influence of seed extraction methods on seed quality in leaf curl resistan...
5. effect of stage of fruit pickings on seed quality in leaf curl resistant t...
5. effect of stage of fruit pickings on seed quality in leaf curl resistant t...
4. effect of planting seasons on seed yield and quality of tomato varieties r...
4. effect of planting seasons on seed yield and quality of tomato varieties r...
3. sowing dates of foliar diseases in french bean j.a.hort.
3. sowing dates of foliar diseases in french bean j.a.hort.
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Know what your zodiac sign says about your taste in food! Explore how the 12 zodiac signs influence your culinary preferences with insights from MyPandit. Dive into astrology and flavors!
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Starting a business is like embarking on an unpredictable adventure. It’s a journey filled with highs and lows, victories and defeats. But what if I told you that those setbacks and failures could be the very stepping stones that lead you to fortune? Let’s explore how resilience, adaptability, and strategic thinking can transform adversity into opportunity.
Digital Marketing with a Focus on Sustainability
Digital Marketing best practices including influencer marketing, content creators, and omnichannel marketing for Sustainable Brands at the Sustainable Cosmetics Summit 2024 in New York
How to Buy an Engagement Ring.pcffbhfbfghfhptx
Dive into this presentation and learn about the ways in which you can buy an engagement ring. This guide will help you choose the perfect engagement rings for women.
Best practices for project execution and delivery
A select set of project management best practices to keep your project on-track, on-cost and aligned to scope. Many firms have don't have the necessary skills, diligence, methods and oversight of their projects; this leads to slippage, higher costs and longer timeframes. Often firms have a history of projects that simply failed to move the needle. These best practices will help your firm avoid these pitfalls but they require fortitude to apply.
Brian Fitzsimmons on the Business Strategy and Content Flywheel of Barstool S...
On episode 272 of the Digital and Social Media Sports Podcast, Neil chatted with Brian Fitzsimmons, Director of Licensing and Business Development for Barstool Sports.
What follows is a collection of snippets from the podcast. To hear the full interview and more, check out the podcast on all podcast platforms and at www.dsmsports.net
The Steadfast and Reliable Bull: Taurus Zodiac Sign
Explore the steadfast and reliable nature of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights that define the determined and practical Taurus, and learn how their grounded nature makes them the anchor of the zodiac.
DearbornMusic-KatherineJasperFullSailUni
My powerpoint presentation for my Music Retail and Distribution class at Full Sail University
The latest Heat Pump Manual from Newentide
𝐔𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐢𝐥 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐮𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐄𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐲 𝐄𝐟𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐲 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐍𝐄𝐖𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐃𝐄’𝐬 𝐋𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐎𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐬
Explore the details in our newly released product manual, which showcases NEWNTIDE's advanced heat pump technologies. Delve into our energy-efficient and eco-friendly solutions tailored for diverse global markets.
Business storytelling: key ingredients to a story
Storytelling is an incredibly valuable tool to share data and information. To get the most impact from stories there are a number of key ingredients. These are based on science and human nature. Using these elements in a story you can deliver information impactfully, ensure action and drive change.
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.
This letter, written by Kellen Harkins, Course Director at Full Sail University, commends Anny Love's exemplary performance in the Video Sharing Platforms class. It highlights her dedication, willingness to challenge herself, and exceptional skills in production, editing, and marketing across various video platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram.
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Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
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The APCO Geopolitical Radar - Q3 2024 The Global Operating Environment for Bu...
The Radar reflects input from APCO’s teams located around the world. It distils a host of interconnected events and trends into insights to inform operational and strategic decisions. Issues covered in this edition include:
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Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Kalyan Chart Indian Matka Kalyan panel Chart
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Zodiac Signs and Food Preferences_ What Your Sign Says About Your Taste
Zodiac Signs and Food Preferences_ What Your Sign Says About Your Taste
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Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Satta Matka
Brian Fitzsimmons on the Business Strategy and Content Flywheel of Barstool S...
Brian Fitzsimmons on the Business Strategy and Content Flywheel of Barstool S...
The Steadfast and Reliable Bull: Taurus Zodiac Sign
The Steadfast and Reliable Bull: Taurus Zodiac Sign
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.
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Call8328958814 satta matka Kalyan result satta guessing
The APCO Geopolitical Radar - Q3 2024 The Global Operating Environment for Bu...
The APCO Geopolitical Radar - Q3 2024 The Global Operating Environment for Bu...
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan panel Chart Indian Matka Dpbos...