Rabies Awareness

1. RABIES Prevention
Starts with You

2. RABIES
Highly Fatal disease,
caused by lyssa virus,
transmitted mainly through
the bite of an infected animal

3. TRANSMISSION:
Bite Exposure – passage of the rabies virus
through a bite by an infected animal
Non-Bite Exposure – licking of scratches,
abrasion , open wound by an infected animal

4. Incubation Period
2 weeks to 6 years
Average :1- 3 mos.

5. Rabies Virus travels
along the CNS
Rabies Virus infects the brainstem,
thalamus, basal ganglia, and
spinal cord
Rabies Virus travels centrifugally
from the brain to other organs

6. What to do if exposed to Rabies?
Wash the wound immediately and vigorously
with soap and water for 10 minutes
Go to the nearest Health Facility or Animal Bite
Treatment Center
Leash and impound the animal and observed
for 14 days

7. Anti –Rabies Treatment
Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) ( Day 0,3,7)
• Pre Exposure Prophylaxis (PreEP)

8. Categories of Rabies Exposure
Category of Exposure Type of Exposure Management
Category 1 Feeding/touching an
animal
Licking of intact skin
(thorough physical
exam)
Exposure to pt w/
signs & symptoms of
rabies by sharing of
eating or drinking
utensils
Casual contact
(talking to, feeding
suspected cases)
1. Wash exposed skin
immediately w/
soap & water
2. No vaccine or RIG
needed
3. Pre-exposure
prophylaxis may be
considered for high
risk persons.

9. Category Type of Exposure Management
Category II Nibbling of uncovered
skin w/ or w/out
bruising/hematoma
Minor/superficial
scratches/abrasions
w/out bleeding ,
including those
induce to bleed
All Category II
exposures on the
head and neck area
are considered
Category III and
should be managed
as such
1. Wash wound w/ soap
and water
2. Start vaccine
immediately:
a.)Complete vaccination
Regimen until Day 28
*biting animal is
laboratory proven to
be rabid or biting
animal is killed /died
w/out laboratory
testing
*Biting animal has signs
/symptoms of rabies
Biting animal is not
available for
observation

10. Category Type of Exposure Management
Category II *B.) May omit Day 28
dose if:
*Biting animal is alive
and remains healthy after
the 14 day observation or
•Biting animal died w/in
the 14 days observation
period confirmed by
veterinarian to have NO
signs and symptoms of
rabies and was FAT
Negative
•RIG is not indicated

11. Category Type of Exposure Management
Category III Punctured wounds,
laceration or
scratches/abrasions w/
spontaneous bleeding
Licks on broken skins
or mucous membrane
Exposure to rabies
patients through bites,
mouth to mouth
resuscitation
Unprotected handling
of infected carcass
Ingestion of raw
infected meat
All cat II exposures on
head and neck area
1. Wash wound w/
soap and water
2. Start vaccine and
RIG immediately:
Complete vaccination
regimen until day 28

12. Initiation of PEP should not be delayed for any
reason as it increases the risk of rabies
There are no absolute contraindications to rabies
PEP. (allergies)
Pregnancy and infancy are not contraindications
to treatment with purified cell culture/tissue culture
vaccines and RIG
Babies who are born to rabid mothers must be
given rabies vaccine as well as RIG as early as
possible at birth

13. Signs and Symptoms
Fever
Pain, numbness intense pruritus at bite site
Aerophobia and Hydrophobia
Hyperventilation ,Aggressive, restless

14. Management of Bites by
vaccinated Animals
Exposure Managment
All Category I exposures PEP is not
recommended
Category II exposure:
Dog/cat is Healthy and
available for observation
for 14 days
Dog/ct vaccinated against
rabies for the past 2 years
PEP may be delayed

15. Exposure Management
Category II
*Animal is proven sick/dead
w/ no laboratory
examination, not available
before or during consultation
*Animal is invlvd in at least 3
biting incidents w/in 24 hrs
*Dog/Cat manifest behaviour
changes suggestive of
rabies
Category III Exposures
Give PEP immediately

16. Republic Act 9482
“Anti –Rabies Act of
2007”

17. RA 9482
An act Providing for the control and
elimination of Human and Animal Rabies
, Prescribing penalties for violation
thereof and appropriating funds therefor.

18. Component Activities:
1. Mass Vaccination of Dogs
2. Establishment of Central database
system for registered and vaccinated
dogs
3. Impounding, field control and disposition
of unregistered , stray and unvaccinated
dogs
4. Conduct of information and education
campaign on the prevention and control
of rabies

19. 5. Provision of Pre-exposure treatment to animal
bite victims
6. Provision of free routine immunization or PEP
of school children aged 5 to 14 in areas where
there is high incidence of rabies
7. Encouragement of the practice of Responsible
Pet Ownership

20. Responsibilities of Pet Owners
a) Have their dog regularly vaccinated against
Rabies and maintain a registration card
b) Submit their dogs for mandatory registration
c) Maintain control over their dog and not allow it
to roam the streets or nay Public Place w/o a
leash
d) Provide their dog with proper grooming
adequate food and clean shelter

21. e). Within 24 hrs, report immediately any dog biting
incident to the concerned officials for investigation
or for any appropriate action and place such dog
under observation by a gov’t or private veterinarian
f).Assist the dog bite victim immediately and
shoulder expenses incurred and other incidental
expenses relative to the victims injuries

22. REPUBLIC ACT 9482-
PENALTIES
IF YOUR DOG IS NOT REGISTERED AND
VACCINATED AGAINST RABIES, YOU MUST PAY A
FINE OF PHP 2,000.
IF YOUR DOG IS NOT LEASHED AND YOU TOOK
IT TO A PUBLIC PLACE, YOU MUST PAY A FINE
OF PHP 500.
IF YOUR DOG IS NOT VACCINATED AND BITES
AN INDIVIDUAL, YOU MUST PAY FOR THE
VACCINATION OF BOTH THE DOG AND THE
INDIVIDUAL.

23.  REFUSAL TO PUT YOUR DOG UNDER OBSERVATION AFTER IT
HAS BITTEN AN INDIVIDUAL– FINE OF PHP 10,000
 REFUSAL TO HAVE YOUR DOG OBSERVED AFTER IT HAS
BITTEN AN INDIVIDUAL AND WOULD NOT COVER THE
INDIVIDUAL’S MEDICAL EXPENSES– FINE OF PHP 25,000
 TRADING DOG FOR MEAT SHALL BE FINED NOT LESS THAN
P5,000.00 AND SUBJECT TO IMPRESONMENT FOR 1 TO 4
YEARS.

24. Responsibilities of Local
Government Units
 Ensure that all Dogs are properly immunized registered and
issued a corresponding dog tag upon registration and
immunization
 Strictly enforce dog impounding activities and field control to
eliminate stray dogs
 Ensure that dogs are leashed or confined within the premises
of the owners house fences soroundings.
 Allocate funds to augment the implementation of the National
Rabies Prevention & Control Prog. ( vaccines)
 Enact additional local ordinances that will support the NR PCP
that to include the regulation of traditional treatment
(tandok/tawas)
 Prohibit the trade of dog meat

25. Prohibit the use of electrocution as a
euthanasia procedure
Appoint /hire a veterinarian
Require pet shops to post information
regarding rabies and responsible pet
ownership and
Shall collect the fines imposed by R.A.
9482 for the violation

26. Rabies is 99.9% F ATAL
But 100% PREVENTABLE