Ppt

1. Migration
• Migration is the movement of people between regions or countries
 It is the process of changing one’s place of residence and permanently
living in a region or country.
 “Migration is such an event in which people move from one
geographical area to another geographical area. When people leaving
their place of residence go to live permanently in another area then
this is called migration.” Demographic Dictionary of United Nations
 Migration may be permanent or temporary “intention of individual”.

2. Types of Migration
1. Immigration and Emigration: when you leave country. (emigration is
leaving and immigration is coming)
2. In-migration and Out-migration: In-migration means within an area
only, while out-migration means out of the area. Both migration are
called internal migration occurring within the country.
3. Gross and Net Migration: The total number of persons coming in the
country and going out of the country for residing is called gross
migration. The difference between the coming to reside in a country
and going out of the country during any time period is termed as net
migration.
4. Internal Migration and External Migration:The movement of people
in different states and regions within a country from one place to
another. External means international migration.

3. Concepts Relating to Migration:
1. Migration Stream: The total number of people migrating from one
region to another or from one country to another for residing during
during a time period.
2. Place of Origin and Place of Destination: The place which people
leave is origin and the place where the person moves is destination.
destination.
3. Migrant: Migrant is individual who moves to some region or country.

4. Effects of Migration:
1. RURAL AREAS (Place of origin)
Economic Effects
Demographic effects
Social Effects
2. URBAN AREAS (Place of destination)
Demographic effects
Economic effects
Social Effects

5. Migrants/Refugees/ Asylum Seekers
• International phenomenon.
• The terms “refugee”, “asylum-seeker” and “migrant” are used to
describe people who are on the move, who have left their
countries and have crossed borders.
A refugee is a person who has fled their own country because
they are at risk of serious human rights violations and their own
government cannot or will not protect them from those dangers.
An asylum-seeker is a person who has left their country and is
seeking protection from persecution and serious human rights
violations in another country, but who hasn’t yet been legally
recognized. Seeking asylum is a human right.
 Migrants leave their country because they want to work,
study…….

6. LAWS for Migrants/ Asylum seekers/ Refugees
• The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Article 14), which
states that everyone has the right to seek and enjoy asylum
from persecution in other countries
• The 1951 UN Refugee Convention (and its 1967 Protocol),
which protects refugees from being returned to countries where
they risk being persecuted
• The 1990 Migrants workers convention, which protects migrants
and their families

7. Why people migrate?
• Migrants leave their homes for diverse reasons.
• seeking better jobs and access to better health care.
• running from famine, war, or natural disasters.
• fleeing persecution and looking for political and religious
freedoms they do not enjoy at home.

8. Are M…A…R… are issue for states??
• They will reshape your society.
• National security.
• Economy.
• Climate change.
• Global health