1. Linda Christie
ESRC PhD Researcher
Scottish Cities Knowledge Centre (SCKC)
University of Glasgow
University of St Andrews
A Vision for a Lasting Legacy from
Glasgow 2014
2. • Introduction/Background
• Legacy Vision: The Journey
• Physical Legacy
• People Legacy: Strategy
• Early Indicators of Success
• Legacy Measurement/Impact
Overview
3. • PhD Researcher:
–Scottish Cities Knowledge Centre
–City Collaboration and
Governance for Competitiveness
• Legacy 2014
Introduction
4. 1. The Glasgow 2014 Legacy Vision
2. The Physical Legacy: Sports
Venues/Transport
3. The People Legacy: The
Economic/Social Legacy/
Community/Business Opportunity
5. To use the 2014 Games as a
means for achieving a lasting
economic, sporting, social
and cultural legacy for
Glasgow and Scotland
A sporting future
A lasting legacyA healthier nation
6. • Use Glasgow’s successful heritage to
contribute to achieving a legacy
• Provide 2014 opportunity for
community/business
• Help support/strengthen business and
cultural links with the Commonwealth
Glasgow’s CWG approach has involved
embedding partnerships and closely
aligning to pre-existing regeneration
strategies
Legacy Vision
7. KEY FACTS
• Games Partners: SG, GCCl, CGS, OC
• over 6,500 athletes
• 70 nations and territories
•17 SPORTS over 11 days
• 70% VENUES ALREADY IN PLACE
• HISTORIC INVESTMENT
• 30% VENUES ADAPTED/DEVELOPED
• ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT
• NEW/UPGRADED FACILITIES
• PROVIDE LASTING PHYSICAL LEGACY
…..overview of some major venues to leave
a lasting physical legacy …
14. Glasgow 2014
Legacy Governance
Glasgow 2014 Legacy
Board
Glasgow 2014 Group/ Legacy
Implementation Group
Community Engagement
Implementation Group
Greener
Sub-group
Accessible
Sub-group
Inclusive
Sub-group
International
Sub-group
Active
Sub-group
Prosperou
s Sub-
group
Commonwealth Games
Research Operations Group
Commonwealth Games
Research Steering Group
25. LEGACY IMPACT(overview)
WHY EVALUATE?
•Purpose of Evaluation Frameworks
HOW TO EVALUATE?
•Benefits Realisation Process
•Evaluation Methodology (meta evaluation)
WHAT TO EVALUATE?
•Performance Measurement Framework
26. Why Evaluate Legacy:
Measuring outcomes and whether change has
occurred and why:
•Review/influence delivery:
(interim evaluations/on-going monitoring)
• Inform/develop the evidence base:
(for mega-events/large regeneration projects)
• Identify: outputs, intermediate results, outcomes
• Measure: impact and VFM of investments
• Review: (in)tangible/(un)intended effects
27. • Has there been a change in sport participation
and physical activity?
• What has the effect of the Games been on
business, employment and volunteering?
• What is the impact of the Games on the lives of
the local community in the area of Glasgow's
east end?
• Has there been a change in cultural
engagement?
• Has there been a change in civic pride and/or
international reputation?
• Is there a partnership legacy?
Research Questions
28. How to evaluate:
Event-led regeneration journey?
PRE GAMES
• Strategy Development
• Prioritisation
• Implementation
DURING:
• Event Mode
• City Operations
AFTER:
• The Impact/legacy
objectives
inputs & outputs
outcomes,
evaluation,
impact
29. Benefits Realisation Approach
LEGACY EVALUATION FRAMEWORK: MOVING FROM INPUTS TO IMPACTS
IMPACTS
OUTCOMES
OUTPUTS
ACTIVITIES
INPUTSFINANCIAL/HUMAN
RESOURCES
GLASGOW LEGACY
FRAMEWORK AND OUTCOMES
LEGACY
PROJECTS/INFRASTRUCUTRE
/ACTIVITY
EFFECT ON DELIVERY OF
GLASGOW OUTCOMES
OVERALL IMPACT ON THE CITY’S ECONOMY
(GVA ETC)
SUPPORTED BY
PERFORMANCE
MANAGEMENT
FRAMEWORK
EVALUATION/IMPACT
REPORTING
30. METHOD TO EVALUATION
• Approach: proportionality & prioritisation
• Tracking outcome indicators across themes
(2008-2019) - Scottish, Glasgow and east end
level
• Secondary analysis of key statistics and surveys
(cross-sectional and longitudinal)
• Prospective Longitudinal Community Study in
Glasgow’s East End (new GoWell study area)
• Monitoring and evaluation of
programmes/projects
• Economic assessment
• Primary research
31. • Evaluating ‘legacy’ broad in scope: define
outcomes at outset
• Games Delivery - responsibility of partners
• Games Legacy - numerous partners at
national, Glasgow and local levels
• Counterfactual / control issues
• Distinguishing between ‘new’, ‘strengthened’
and ‘existing’ investment and activity
• Legacy research – mixed in quality and results
• Tight resourcing climate
Measurement Challenges
32. Economic assessment
Conceptual/empirical disagreements of nature/extent of legacy-led
regeneration:
•health/physical impacts questionable (see McCartney et al, 2010, 2012);
•skepticism regarding perceived over-commodification of places (due to
branding and sponsorship policies).
•economic impacts more from regeneration than from the CWG;
•short-to-medium economic impacts come from three sectors: construction;
events; tourism (Legacy Framework focus)
•The scale and duration of the regeneration effort is key;
•GOWELL Study in Eastend until 2017;
•Long-term factors should include:
– Continuing employability/legacy programmes;
– Ensuring sustainability and use of venues;
– Continued integration of new governance mechanisms
– Maintain strategic partnerships between agencies;
Long-term Impact:
Good Afternoon.
I am Linda Christie, a PhD researcher with the SCKC, and thank you for the opportunity to meet with you all today….
I am going to use this opportunity to provide An overview of Glasgow City Council’s approach to legacy for the 2014 Games
An introduction to me and background;
An outline of what is GCC’s legacy – as a strategic regeneration project
Knowledge/experience:
Research in Regional Economics at FAI on I/O and CGE, Public Sector finances;
10 years senior management experience within economic policy and development at local and central government level;
Working knowledge of various collaborative approaches to local Government service delivery in Glasgow (e.g. Glas-Ed; 2014 Legacy; City Deals);
….where Scottish cities policy (and collaborative urban policy) is to ensure there are enduring economic and social benefits from large investments, such as the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, both locally and for Scotland as a whole.
PHD :
A PhD studentship on behalf of The Universities of Glasgow and St Andrews;
Co-funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) and the Scottish Government (SG);
The studentship is embedded within the Scottish Cities Knowledge Centre (SCKC).
LEGACY MANAGER
Worked with GCC for 10 years
From Bid – to Policy – to legacy manager
Our overall vision for a legacy for Glasgow is to use the 2014 games to achieve a lasting economic, social and cultural legacy for the communities and businesses across both Glasgow and Scotland…
Therefore, Glasgow City Council wants to use the Commonwealth Games to continue to build on the city’s social and economic potential and to help provide:
A sporting future, and a healthier nation …that will inspire and encourage young people to take up and excel at sport;
An economic legacy…to support social and economic renewal and bring new and sustainable business opportunities;
Glasgow is changing…there has been a large amount of successful regeneration already taken place in Glasgow in recent years (maybe some examples…) – having developed a proud city renaissance over the past 40 years;
During which time, Glasgow has developed a comprehensive approach to economic, cultural and social renewal…want to use the games to build on this;
Glasgow also has a successful sporting heritage…Integral to this has been extensive investment in sport and the arts;
To help fulfil a vision for Glasgow, the aim is to use the competitive strength and spirit of our local communities and use every opportunity to engage on potential opportunities;
want to use the opportunity of the Games to contribute to the development of the Commonwealth from a City that has benefited so much from the Commonwealth in the past
New facilities
National Indoor Sports Arena – a competition and training venue;
National Velodrome – another competition and training venue;
SECC Arena – this will host the judo, wrestling and gymnastics events and the finals of the netball; and
Cathkin Braes Cycling Centre –the new mountain biking facility, owned by GCC and South Lanarkshire Council, will be a competition venue.
Upgraded Facilities
National Swimming Centre at Tollcross – an additional pool will provide the required warm up facility for swimmers;
National Football Stadium at Hampden - a new running track will be installed in Lesser Hampden to provide the required warm-up facility for athletes;
Glasgow Green - two new international standard hockey pitches will become a Games competition and training venue;
Kelvingrove Bowls Complex - new permanent works to the value of £1m will leave a legacy to the bowling community;
Kelvin Hall International Sports Arena - this will be upgraded through an £11m investment and will host the boxing events;
Scotstoun Leisure Centre – this will host the table tennis and squash competitions;
Strathclyde Country Park - North Lanarkshire Council’s world-class rowing and triathlon facility will benefit from a £1m upgrading as it prepares to host the Games’ triathlon event; and
Royal Commonwealth Pool, Edinburgh - The City of Edinburgh Council’s diving pool will be upgraded to host the diving competition.
250m indoor velodrome track 2,500 spectators
Community facilities with 3 sports halls, dance studio, spa/gym
HQ for National Sports Governing Bodies
Quality Civic Realm
Construction 2009 - 2011
The Games Village Construction:
To accommodate space for 8,000 athletes
5 or 6 new and 2 temporary courts
Convertible into 3 doubles courts/multi-use spaces
Construction 2011-2012
Existing transport infrastructure already well established :
3 AIRPORTS; ESTABLISHED STRATEGIC MOTORWAY AND MAJOR ROAD NETWORK; GLASGOW SUBWAY
NETWORK OF QUALITY BUS CORRIDORS
RAIL NETWORK LINKING GLASGOW WITH REST OF SCOTLAND, UK AND WIDER EUROPE
EXTENSIVE GREEN NETWORK OF CYCLING AND WALKING ROUTES
FIVE SEA PORTS CONNECTING GLASGOW TO SCOTTISH ISLANDS AND OTHER UK AND EUROPEAN PORTS
IMPROVEMENTS:
GARL : WILL PROVIDE A DIRECT LINK FROM AIRPORT TO CITY CENTRE
PUBLIC TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE IMPROVEMENTS – FUTURE QUALITY BUS CORRIDORS WILL BE ADAPTED TO FORM THE CORE GAMES ROUTE NETWORK
Regeneration of City – particularly East End
Improved Transport Infrastructure
Public Realm Improvements
Environmental Improvements (Low Emission Zones, Waste Diversion from Landfill, Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems)
OVER 3000 PEOPLE TOOK PART IN THIS CONSULTATION AND THEY TOLD US THEY WANTED TO:
DEVELOPED PRIORITIES:
BE INVOLVED IN WELCOMING THE WORLD TO GLASGOW
USE THE GAMES TO IMPROVE GLASGOW’S REPUTATION
BRING JOBS TO THE CITY AND
USE THE GAMES TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE TAKING PART IN SPORT AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY.
THE COUNCIL DEVELOPED A PLAN TO ENSURE WE COULD ACHIEVE THIS. THE PLAN, KNOWN AS THE LEGACY FRAMEWORK, WAS LAUNCHED IN NOVEMBER 2009.
LAST YEAR WE UNDERTOOK A REVIEW OF OUR PLAN, TO CHECK HOW WELL WE ARE DELIVERING THE PROJECTS WITHIN IT.
WE HAVE PRODUCED A PROGRESS REPORT SHOWING WHAT WE HAVE ACHIEVED SO FAR.
THIS REPORT IS AVAILABLE ON THE COUNCIL WEBSITE.
TO HELP FULFIL THIS VISION, LOCAL COMMUNITIES ARE BEING ENCOURAGED TO ENGAGE AND BE INVOLVED WITH LEGACY PROJECTS, AS WELL AS KEEPING THEM INFORMED OF THE DEVELOPMENT TAKING PLACE ACROSS THE CITY;
Some 70 PROJECTS ARE STRUCTURED UNDER SIX LEGACY THEMES, INCLUDING:
MORE PROSPEROUS,
MORE ACTIVE,
MORE INCLUSIVE,
MORE ACCESSIBLE,
GREENER
AND WITH AN ENHANCED INTERNATIONAL IMAGE AND OUTLOOK.
PROSPEROUS
WE ARE GROWING BUSINESSES THROUGH THE BUSINESS PORTAL – ADVERTISING ALL CONTRACT OPPORTUNITIES ON LINE. BUSINESSES CAN REGISTER TO BE NOTIFIED OF NEW CONTRACTS THEY WISH TO BID FOR
WE ARE BUILDING CAREERS THROUGH THE COMMONWEALTH APPRENTICESHIP SCHEME, THE COMMONWEALTH GRADUATE FUND AND THE COMMONWEALTH JOBS FUND
WE ARE TRANSFORMING DEPRIVED COMMUNITIES THROUGH IMPROVEMENTS IN THE EAST END – NEW HOUSING, IMPROVED TRANSPORT (Dalmarnock station), AND A NEW COMMITMENT TO IMPROVING CALTON AND THE BARRAS
ACTIVE
WE ARE BUILDING AND INVESTING IN WORLD CLASS VENUES - MOST OF WHICH WILL BE OPEN TO THE COMMUNITY LONG BEFORE THE GAMES. INDEED, THE NEW EMIRATES ARENA FORMALLY OPENED ON FRIDAY.
WE ARE RE-ENERGISING OUR ACTIVE CULTURE THROUGH INVESTMENT IN COMMUNITY SPORTS CLUBS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF TALENTED ATHLETES LIKE SWIMMERS MICHAEL JAMIESON AND ROBBIE RENWICK
INTERNATIONAL
WE ARE PROMOTING GLASGOW’S IMAGE AND REPUTATION THROUGH THE WORK OF OUR CITY MARKETING BUREAU AND BY IMPROVING THE CITY’S TOURISM SERVICE OFFERING BY IMPROVING CUSTOMER SERVICE SKILLS IN THE TOURISM SECTOR
WE ARE ATTRACTING OTHER MAJOR EVENTS – WITH MANY ALREADY SECURED FOR OUR NEW/UPGRADED VENUES
WE ARE AIMING TO ATTRACT INWARD INVESTMENT THROUGH A NEW PROGRAMME OF ACTIVITY WHICH WILL BE LAUNCHED LATER THIS YEAR.
GREENER
WE ARE IMPROVING ACCESS TO AND USE OF GREEN SPACES THROUGH PROJECTS SUCH AS THE CLYDE WALKWAY PILOT WHICH IS DEVELOPING A MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR IMPROVING BIODIVERITY ALONG THE BANKS OF THE RIVER CLYDE AND IMPROVING ACCESS FOR RIVER USERS
WE ARE LOWERING CARBON EMMISSIONS THROUGH SUSTAINABLE DESIGN AT THE ATHLETES’ VILLAGE – ECO-HOMES EXCELLENT/COMBINED HEAT AND POWER PLANT
WE ARE AIMING TO REDUCE CLIMATE EMISSIONS BY REDUCING WASTE AT GAMES TIME. THE SUCCESSFUL DIVERSION OF 80% OF WASTE FROM LANDFILL AT GAMES-TIME WILL PROVIDE A MODEL FOR SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION AT OTHER VENUES, FACILITIES AND EVENTS ACROSS THE CITY LONG AFTER 2014.
ACCESSIBLE
WE ARE IMPROVING CONNECTIVITY BY INVESTING IN MAJOR NEW TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCUTRE SUCH AS THE M74 AND THE CLYDE GATEWAY EAST END REGENERATION ROUTE
WE ARE ENCOURAGING SUSTAINABLE TRAVEL BY IMPROVING PUBLIC REALM, UPGRADING RAILWAY STATIONS E.G. DALMARNOCK WITH IMPROVED ACCESSIBILITY AND SAFETY AND EXTENDING OUR CYCLING NETWORK – CONNECT 2 (COMPLETING THE BRIDGE TO NOWHERE), SMARTER CHOICES, SMARTER PLACES.
INCLUSIVE
WE ARE PROVIDING A RANGE OF VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES SUCH AS THE SPORT LEADERS AWARDS, WHICH SAW 900 YOUNG PEOPLE ACROSS GLASGOW RECOGNISED FOR THEIR VOLUNTEERIGN ACTIVITY IN SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY CLUBS DURING 2011/12
WE ARE PROVIDING LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES THROUGH HEALTHY WORLD 2014 (FORMERLY KNOWN AS PARKS TWINNING INITIATIVE). COUNTRYSIDE RANGERS DELIVER HEALTHY BODY AND HEALTHY WORLD SESSIONS TO CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE CITY'S EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS WITH A FOCUS ON FOOD GROWING WITH CROPS FROM AROUND THE WORLD, NATURE CONSERVATION, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND SUSTAINABILITY.
WE ARE STRENGTHENING LINKS WITH THE COMMONWEALTH THROUGH THE MALAWI LEADERS OF LEARNING PROJECT. A GROUP OF YOUNG PEOPLE FROM GLASGOW WILL TRAVEL TO MALAWI IN 2013 TO WORK ON A PROJECT WITH AN EQUIVALENT GROUP OF YOUNG PEOPLE FROM BLANTYRE. THE PROGRAMME COULD FOCUS ON BUILDING BOTH SETS OF YOUNG PEOPLES’ SKILLS IN SPORT, PERFORMANCE AND VISUAL ART.
SO, HOW CAN PEOPLE GET INVOLVED?
IF YOU HAVE AN IDEA FOR A PROJECT OR AN EVENT, YOU CAN CONTACT THE COUNCIL 2014 TEAM WHO CAN PROVIDE SUPPORT, ASSITANCE AND ADVICE, INCLUDING PUTTING YOU IN TOUCH WITH THE CORRECT PERSON WITHIN THE COUNCIL IF YOUR PROEJCT NEEDS OUR SUPPORT IN SOME WAY.
WE MAY ALSO BE ABLE TO ASSIST WITH FUNDING PROJECTS. THE COUNCIL PROVIDES AROUND £40 MILLION OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO VOLUNTARY SECTOR AND LOCAL GROUPS THROUGH THE INTEGRATED GRANTS FUND AND OUR AREA COMMITTEES FUND. WE ARE WORKING WITH THOSE RESPONSIBLE FOR ALLOCATING THESE FUNDS TO ENCOURAGE SUPPORT FOR LEGACY RELATED PROJECTS.
USAGE OF THE GAMES LOGO IS RESTRICTED TO GAMES SPONSORS AND PARTNERS. SO WE HAVE DEVELOPED A LEGACY LOGO FOR USE BY COMMUNITY GROUPS WHICH WILL ALLOW YOU TO MAKE AN ASSOCIATION WITH 2014 WHERE YOU CAN DEMONSTRATE THAT YOUR PROJECT IS CONTRIBUTING TO MAKING GLASGOW MORE PROSPEROUS, GREENER, ACTIVE, INTERNATIONAL, ACCESSIBLE OR INCLUSIVE.
TODAY IS THEREFORE AN OPPORTUNITY FOR YOU TO TELL US WHAT YOUR AMBITIONS ARE FOR LEGACY AND HOW YOU CAN HELP TO SUPPORT THE DELIVERY OF OUR LEGACY AMBITIONS, THROUGH THE USE OF ALL AVAILABLE FUNDS INCLUDING THE LOTTERY, GOVERNMENT AND COUNCIL RELATED FUNDS.
I’D BE HAPPY TO ANSWER ANY QUESTIONS
HOW ARE WE GOING TO EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF THE GAMES LEGACY?
WE DO THIS BY CONSIDERING THE EVENT-LED REGENRATION JOURNEY OVER THREE KEY STAGES:
PRE GAMES – GAMES PREPARATIONS
SOME 100 PROJECTS
BUT JOB NOT DONE – GROWING PROJECTS and COMMUNICATIONS
AT PRESENT THE FOCUS IS ON ENGAGEMENT/BRANDING/COMMUNICAITONS/PROMOTING BENEFITS
PREPARTIONS FOR GAMES TIME ACTIVITY
DURING – CITY OPERATIONS MAY INCLUDE AND CONTRIBUTE TOWARDS LEGACY PROJECTS RELEVANT AT GAMES MODE DELIVERY;
THESE ARE BEING PICKED UP AT THE MOMENT BY 2014 CITY OPS; City Operation Board on Monday 1st October.
BOARD JUST AGREED OUTLINES AND STRATEGIES ACROSS KEY AREAS (EIGHT WORKSTREAMS: VOLUNTEERING/COMMS/TRAFIC AND TRANSPORT…
NOW BEING SCOPED, THIS WILL INCREASE THE RANGE OF ACITIVY TOO
The Legacy Team will monitor the emerging plans of the City Operations work streams to identify potential opportunities to link with existing legacy projects to deliver City Operations requirements where relevant;
AFTER
MAINTAINING THE MOMENTUM
BENEFITS REALISATION/MEASURMENT OF KEY COUNCIL PROGRAMMES …MEASURING THE IMPACT
The Benefits Realisation Approach to Legacy is the approach being taken to measuring the legacy impact across the whole event journey, moving from inputs to impacts
This involves two key stages:
Performance measurement
Evaluating the impact
Government set up evaluation group to develop a national approach;
Series of meeting to scoping the work involved and to learn lessons from elsewhere;
Consideration of the London approach and meta-evaluation approach (refer to diagram 1);
