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Thomas Ritter 
Professor of Market Strategy and Business Development 
Department of Strategic Management and Globalization 
Academic Director 
CBS Competitiveness Platform 
Kilevej 14A, DK-2000 Frederiksberg 
+45 3815 2121 – ritter@cbs.dk 
1 
Alignment Squared – Book Launch 
© Ritter 2014 
1 
2 
F O 
U R
2 
Alignment Squared – Book Launch 
© Ritter 2014 
Square 1: 
Business Objectives Square 
Sustainable 
businesses 
2 1 
4 3 
Business Profit 
Unsustainable 
businesses 
Business Purpose 
1
3 
Alignment Squared – Book Launch 
© Ritter 2014 
Square 2: 
Business Model Square 
What? 
(value propositions) 
How? 
(value demonstrations) 
Who? 
(customers) 
Which? 
(capabilities) 
Novo Nordisk is a 
global healthcare 
company with 90 
years of innovation 
and leadership in 
diabetes care. The 
company also has 
leading positions 
within haemophilia 
care, growth 
hormone therapy and 
hormone 
replacement therapy. 
Danfoss is a global leader 
focused on energy-efficient 
solutions that save energy and 
costs, and reduce CO2 
emissions. The company’s wide 
range of products and services 
are used in areas such as 
cooling food, air conditioning, 
heating buildings, controlling 
electric motors and powering 
mobile machinery. The 
company is also active in the 
field of solar and wind power as 
well as district heating and 
cooling infrastructure that 
targets entire cities and urban 
communities. 
2
4 
Alignment Squared – Book Launch 
© Ritter 2014 
A business model describes the way 
a firm earns its profits 
What? 
(proposition) 
(customer) 
Which? 
(capability) 
How? 
Who? 
(demonstration) 
Purchasing 
Producing 
Commercial. 
Solution 
Service 
Goods 
Customer A 
Segment I 
Distribution 
KAM 
Call center 
e-business 
2
5 
Alignment Squared – Book Launch 
© Ritter 2014 
A FMCG firm 
Production 
Development 
Market Research 
Vending machine 
Replenishment 
Coolers 
Product A 
Off trade 
On trade 
Segment 1 
(customer) 
Which? 
(capability) 
KAM 
Who? 
Consultents 
Mass comm 
Events 
Segment 2 
Segment 3 
Product B 
Product C 
x 
B2B 
B2C 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x x 
x x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
x 
What? 
(proposition) 
How? 
(demonstration)
6 
New value proposition X X X 
X 
X 
X 
Alignment Squared – Book Launch 
© Ritter 2014 
Growth options 
Value proposition 2 
What? 
(value propositions) 
Who? 
(customers) 
Customer 1 at t1 
Value proposition 3 
Value proposition 1 
X 
X 
Customer 1 at t2 
Value proposition 4 
X 
X 
Cross selling 
Up selling 
Price selling 
More selling 
X 
X 
Customer 1 at t2 
Competitive growth 
Acquiring customers from 
competitors 
(customer take-overs) 
Substantial growth 
Converting 
non-customers 
(customer onboarding) 
New customer segment
7 
Rethinking existing value propositions 
Rethinking existing customers 
Rethinking existing capabilities 
Rethinking existing value communications 
Rethinking existing links 
Alignment Squared – Book Launch 
© Ritter 2014 
Developing business models 
Shaping new value propositions 
Shaping new customers 
Shaping new capabilities 
Shaping new value communications 
X 
X 
A 
X 
B 
X X 
C 
D 
X 
E 
5 
4 
3 
2 
1 
a 
X 
Who? 
(customer) 
Which? 
(capability) 
X X X X 
b 
c 
I 
II 
III 
X 
X X X X 
X X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
What? 
(proposition) 
How? 
(demonstration) 
Rethinking non-existing links
NEVER STOP COMPETING! 
8 
Alignment Squared – Book Launch 
© Ritter 2014 
1 
2 
F O 
U R

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Thomas Ritter - Book Launch @ CBS

  • 1. Thomas Ritter Professor of Market Strategy and Business Development Department of Strategic Management and Globalization Academic Director CBS Competitiveness Platform Kilevej 14A, DK-2000 Frederiksberg +45 3815 2121 – ritter@cbs.dk 1 Alignment Squared – Book Launch © Ritter 2014 1 2 F O U R
  • 2. 2 Alignment Squared – Book Launch © Ritter 2014 Square 1: Business Objectives Square Sustainable businesses 2 1 4 3 Business Profit Unsustainable businesses Business Purpose 1
  • 3. 3 Alignment Squared – Book Launch © Ritter 2014 Square 2: Business Model Square What? (value propositions) How? (value demonstrations) Who? (customers) Which? (capabilities) Novo Nordisk is a global healthcare company with 90 years of innovation and leadership in diabetes care. The company also has leading positions within haemophilia care, growth hormone therapy and hormone replacement therapy. Danfoss is a global leader focused on energy-efficient solutions that save energy and costs, and reduce CO2 emissions. The company’s wide range of products and services are used in areas such as cooling food, air conditioning, heating buildings, controlling electric motors and powering mobile machinery. The company is also active in the field of solar and wind power as well as district heating and cooling infrastructure that targets entire cities and urban communities. 2
  • 4. 4 Alignment Squared – Book Launch © Ritter 2014 A business model describes the way a firm earns its profits What? (proposition) (customer) Which? (capability) How? Who? (demonstration) Purchasing Producing Commercial. Solution Service Goods Customer A Segment I Distribution KAM Call center e-business 2
  • 5. 5 Alignment Squared – Book Launch © Ritter 2014 A FMCG firm Production Development Market Research Vending machine Replenishment Coolers Product A Off trade On trade Segment 1 (customer) Which? (capability) KAM Who? Consultents Mass comm Events Segment 2 Segment 3 Product B Product C x B2B B2C x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x What? (proposition) How? (demonstration)
  • 6. 6 New value proposition X X X X X X Alignment Squared – Book Launch © Ritter 2014 Growth options Value proposition 2 What? (value propositions) Who? (customers) Customer 1 at t1 Value proposition 3 Value proposition 1 X X Customer 1 at t2 Value proposition 4 X X Cross selling Up selling Price selling More selling X X Customer 1 at t2 Competitive growth Acquiring customers from competitors (customer take-overs) Substantial growth Converting non-customers (customer onboarding) New customer segment
  • 7. 7 Rethinking existing value propositions Rethinking existing customers Rethinking existing capabilities Rethinking existing value communications Rethinking existing links Alignment Squared – Book Launch © Ritter 2014 Developing business models Shaping new value propositions Shaping new customers Shaping new capabilities Shaping new value communications X X A X B X X C D X E 5 4 3 2 1 a X Who? (customer) Which? (capability) X X X X b c I II III X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X What? (proposition) How? (demonstration) Rethinking non-existing links
  • 8. NEVER STOP COMPETING! 8 Alignment Squared – Book Launch © Ritter 2014 1 2 F O U R