3. OBJECTIVES
1. Describe what is plate tectonics.
2. Identify the three types of plate
movements.
3. Expound three types of plate movement based
on plate tectonics theory using an illustration.
4. Cite specific examples of land forms as outcomes
of plate movement.
4. Explain how the movement of
plates leads to the formation of
folds and faults
Competency
6. ๏ A scientific theory that explains how
major landforms are created as a result of
Earth's subterranean movements.
(national geographic)
๏ The scientific theory that Earths
lithosphere comprises a number of large
tectonic plates which have been slowly
moving since about 3.4 billion years ago.
(Wikipedia)
PLATE TECTONIC THEORY
11. THERE ARE TWO (2) TYPES OF PLATES:
1. Continental plates- also called โsialโ
because of the bulk composition of
silicon and aluminum. It has lower
density compared to oceanic plate.
2. Oceanic plate- also called โsimaโ
because it is richer in silicon and
magnesium. It is more dense compared
to continental plates.
PLATES or CRUST
16. ๏ Occurs when plates pull apart from
each other.
๏ When two (2) plates diverge, pieces
from such plates sink towards the
Earthโs mantle
1. DIVERGENT PLATE MOVEMENT
19. ๏ are boundaries where the earthโs
tectonic plates are moving apart.
๏ For most part, these boundaries are
located on the ocean floors, where
they form a continuous chain of
volcanic mountains and rift called
mid-ocean ridges that extend
throughout the earthโs oceans
๏ Example is the Atlantic Ridge
DIVERGENT PLATE
BOUNDARIES
22. ๏ occurs when plates crush into each other
and land crumples, forming trenches and
mountains.
๏ This occurs when plates move towards
each other and collide. When a
continental plate meets an oceanic plate,
the thinner, denser, and more flexible
oceanic plate sinks beneath the thicker,
more rigid continental plate. This is called
subduction.
2. CONVERGENT PLATE MOVEMENT
25. ๏ The heavier oceanic crust sinks
below the lighter continental crust. It
happens along convergent
boundaries where plates are
moving toward each other and
sometimes one plate sink under
another (subduction)
๏ Example is Marianas Trench
CONVERGENT BOUNDARIES
31. ๏ It is also called as strike slip fault
boundary, the plates slide past each
other horizontally.
๏ Example is San Andrea Fault and
Philippine Fault
TRANFORM PLATE BOUNDARIES
33. What is the difference between
folding and faulting?
34. Folding and faulting are the result of
tectonic activity, but also the forces of
tension, compression and shearing
play an active role in plate movements.
FOLDING VS FAULTING
36. ๏ In folding, the Earth's crust is pulled and
strained, resulting in a variety of different
features that can be commonly seen
when examining a cliff face
๏ A fold is when one or more originally
bent surfaces are bent or curved as the
result of permanent deformation.
๏ Produce by convergent plate movement
๏ Example is mountain fold like
Himalayas.
1. FOLDING
49. ๏ Faulting is a process that occurs due to
the intense strain on plates that is
endured by the folding of layers. The
pressure of compression or tension
results in a fracture to occur in the fold,
which can form along a fault line.
Movement along this fault may be
horizontal or vertical.
๏ A fault is a break in the rocks that make
up the earth's crust, along which on
either side rocks move pass eachother.
2. FAULTING
51. There are three main types of fault:
1. NORMAL FAULT- occurs due to divergent
plate movement like formation of rift valley.
Rift valleys are found between two parallel
normal faults on a part of land known as a
graben, a sunken part of the land so to speak.
2. REVERSE FAULT- occur due to convergent
plate movement.
3. TEAR FAULT- occurs due to transform plate
movement like the San Andrea Fault.
3 TYPES OF FAULT
