The direct method teaches foreign languages exclusively in the target language without using the native language of the students. It focuses on developing oral proficiency through activities like questioning and answering, conversation practice, and self-correction. The teacher acts as a facilitator, introducing new vocabulary visually and inductively teaching grammar. Students are encouraged to think and communicate in the target language from the beginning. While it is effective for pronunciation and oral skills, it requires small class sizes and more teachers due to its immersive approach.

1. DIRECT METHOD
ENGLISH IN
EDUCATION

2. What is Direct Method?
• The method of teaching foreign language without the
use of mother tongue.
• It only uses target language to teach target language.
• It is also called “Natural language” because of its
learners do not use native language.
• The Direct Method has one very basic rule: No
translation is allowed.

3. Background
• In the mid and late 19 century, Europe experience a wave of
increasing opportunities of communicating, due to
industrialization and international trade and travel.
• A need was felt to develop oral proficiency in foreign language.
The principal they proposed was called natural method that
suggest radical change from grammar-translation method, that
later on came to be known as the direct method.

4. Principles
• Classroom instruction is conducted in the target language (no translate,
demonstrate)
• Vocabulary is taught through pictures and objects.
• Grammar is taught inductively
• Students are encouraged to think in the target language
• Speaking is taught first before reading or writing
• Translation is completely banished from any classroom activity.

5. The Role of Teacher
• The teacher role is quite active.
• Teachers introduce a new target language word or phrase to the
students and there is no mother tongue.
• Demonstrate.
• Facilitator
• Monitor
• He /She directs all the classroom activities

6. The Role of Students
• The teacher and the students are more like partners in the
teaching/learning process.
• Student are less passive as compared to GTM.
• They think and speak in the target language.
• They try to speak as much as possible.
• They learn how to ask a question as well as answer them.

7. Techniques of Direct Method
1.Reading aloud
2. Question and answer exercise
3. Getting students to self-correct
4. Conversation practice
5. Fill-in-the-blanks
6. Dictation
7. Map drawing
8. Paragraph writing.

8. • Reading aloud
Student take turns reading sections of a passage, play, or whatever
teaching materials. The teacher uses gestures, pictures, examples, or
other means to make the meaning of the section clear.
• Question and answer exercise
Students ask answer questions in full sentences and practice new words
and grammatical rules.
Presentation title 8

9. • Getting student to Self-correct
A teacher might supply repeat what a student has just said, using a
questioning. A teacher must repeat what the student said, stopping
before the error. The student knows that the next word was wrong.
• Conversation practice
For communication purpose, teaching contains conversational activities:
starting with questions in the target language which contained a certain
grammar structure, then let students ask Questions with each other with
the same sentence patterns. Finally, let student have free talk.
Presentation title 9

10. • Fill in the blank exercise
Students are given series of sentence with words missing. They fill
in the blanks with new vocabulary items only from the target
language.
• Dictation
The teacher reads the passage three times. The first time the
teacher read it at a normal speed, while the student only listen.
The second time he reads it phrase by phrase, to allow students
write down what they heard. The last time the teacher again reads
reads at a normal speed and check student’s work.
Presentation title 10

11. • Map drawing
The student are given a map with the geographical features unnamed.
The teacher gives directions to the students. The student can have a
completely labeled map if they follow his instruction correct.
• Paragraph writing
The teacher asks students to write a paragraph in their own words. The
student can do this from their memory. They can use the reading
passage in the lesson as a model. The same techniques of paragraph
can be applied to any other topics.
Presentation title 11

12. Advantages of Direct Method
• In this method they are quick at understanding spoken English They can converse
English so easy because in teaches the second/foreign language in the same way
as one learns one’s mother tongue.
• Let students learn the correct pronunciation and better oral skills because no
native language is used and communication is main activity in the class.

13. Disadvantages of Direct Method
• It’s hard to practice the methods in a class with more than 20 students.
• It needs a great amount of teachers
• It’s hard to explain abstract words.
• It takes much time for teacher to explain the words that might be
trivial.

14. THANK YOU