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1 discourse analys.pptx
- 1. Discourse analysis 01 05 07 03 02 04 06 08 Creatingsocial identities Understanding vision of the world Infinite in thought and speech Conversation, running of ideas and exchanges Is power to shape (mis)understanding Interpretation of language Written and spoken language Comprises semantics Discourse
- 2. Verbal Communication is the exchangeof information by words. It has less chance of confusion and misunderstanding the message. It leads to prompt interchange of information. It doesn't essentially require the presence of both the parties at the same place. Nonverbal Communication is the exchange of information by wordless cues. It has more chance of confusion and misunderstanding the message. It can take more time. It requires the presence of both the parties at the same place. Both are symbolic. Both are rule guided. Both can be intentional or unintentional. Both are culture-bound Nonverbal Communication Verbal Communication
- 3. is an alphabeticallist of ideas that are in the book It tells readers what page the idea is on friction Text Features Special Print When a word is bold Italics, or underlined an important word for readers to know Similar to a dictionary. A glossary helps readers define words from the book Table of Contents helps readers identify key topics in the book in the order they are presented are words near a picture or photograph to help readers better understand Glossary are special headings that help readers know what the next section of text will be about Index Subtitles Captions Text Features
- 4. Recognizing Discourse Structure Decomposetext into subunits Questions: What type of structure is derived? • Sequential spans, hierarchical trees, arbitrary graphs What is the granularity of the subunits? • Clauses? Sentences? Paragraphs? What information guides segmentation? • Local cue phrases? Lexical cohesion? - How is the information modeled? Learned? How do we measure success?
- 5. Discourse structure What is theworld like?! What about the life of rats?! The life of rats is stressful and dangerous What about rats?! Who does what to rats? domestic cats catch rats What do cats do to rats? Due to the noise of traffic By what are they made sick?' They are made nervous and become sick
- 6. Tone Intonation Tone isthe degree of highness or lowness of a tone or voice Intonation is the variation of the pitch in the spoken language There are two main types of tone as high tone and low tone There are three types of intonations as falling intonation, rising intonation, and partial/fall-rise intonation Tone / Intonation
- 7. Written Spoken Can bereferred to many times Non-interactive Has to be understood immediately Interactive Not casual Formal and special occasions Casual Informal and everyday Written / Spoken Discourse
- 8. Types of Non- Verbal Communication Body Language Toneof Voice Pitch of Voice Gestures Blinking Eye contact Facial Expressions Posture
- 9. Paralinguistic is a featureto speak nonverbally (words are not used) Quality Volume Pace/Rate Articulation Pitch Paralinguistic Feature of Communication
- 10. Phonetic features look beyondthe individual segments at the sound system of language. correspond to physical articulatory or acoustic events Phonological features features to characterize speech sounds in the languages of the world. some features are relevant only for consonants; others are only for vowels.
- 11. Traditional Literature: Storiesthat are passed down from one group to another in history. This includes folktales, legends, fables, fairy tales, tall tales, and myths from different cultures. Realistic Fiction: A story using made-up characters that could happen in real life. Mystery: A suspenseful story about a puzzling event that is not solved until the end of the story. Fantasy: A story including elements that are impossible such as talking animals or magical powers. Make-believe is what this genre is all about. Historical Fiction: A story including elements that are impossible such as talking animals or magical powers. Informational: Texts that provide facts about a variety of topics (sports, animals, science, history, careers, travel, geography, space, weather, etc.) Biography: The story of a real person's life written by another person Autobiography: The story of a real person's life that is written by that person Other Genre Poetry: Poetry is verse written to create a response of thought and feeling from the reader, It often uses rhythm and rhyme to help convey its meaning.
- 12. Text Types Narrative Descriptive Narrative textshave to do with time. What is characteristic is the passing, the sequencing of time events. There is the use of dynamic verbs and adverbials such as, and, then, first, second, lastly and many others.. Example: First we went to the airport, then we had a coffee and after the check-in we caught the plane. Example: The room was quite large with mirrors everywhere, but the strange was that those mirrors were all veiled with black and thick curtains. Descriptive texts are concerned with the setting of people and things in space. State/stative/static verbs and usually adjectives are used, In descriptions there is no passing of time.
- 13. Generally classroom discourseconsists of different types of written and spoken communication that happen in the teaching and learning process in the classroom. Arguing Debating Disagreeing Agreeing Expressing Reflecting Thinking Constructive classroom Classroom Discourse
- 14. Word Stress Patterns -tion Onesyllable before eMOtion accomoDAtion situAtion -ate Two syllables before GRAduate DEcorate auTHENticate Nouns: usually first syllable Verbs: usually second syllable PREsent REpeat INcrease REcord REfund preSENT rePEAT inCREASE reCORD reFUND Two syllables Suffix