The document discusses wireless sensor networks and describes their key characteristics. It notes that wireless sensor networks consist of low-power smart sensor nodes distributed over a large field to enable wireless sensing and data networking. The sensor nodes contain sensors, processors, memory, and radios. Wireless sensor networks can be either unstructured with dense node distribution or structured with few scattered nodes.

2.  Large number of heterogeneous Sensor node devices spread over a large field.
 Wireless sensing + Data Networking.
Smart Sensor Nodes:
 Low power devices
 Consists of- one or more sensors, a processor, memory, a power supply, a radio
and an actuator.
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3. 1. Unstructured WSN 2. Structured WSN
 Dense collection of  Few and scarcely
nodes distributed nodes
 Ad-hoc deployment  Pre-planned deployment
 Difficulty in network  Lower network
maintenance maintenance
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4. Transport Layer Interactions
Network Layer Interactions
Data-Link Layer Interactions
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5. 
CONGESTION - i) Congestion Detection
 ii) Congestion Control / Mitigation

 RELIABILITY - i) Direction
 ii) Reliability Measure
 iii) Packet Recovery
ENERGY
CONSERVATION
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6. 1. Sensor Transmission Control Protocol (STCP)
2. Price-Oriented Reliable Transport Protocol (PORT)
3. GARUDA
4. Congestion Detection and Avoidance (CODA)
5. Delay Sensitive Transport (DST)
6. Pump Slowly, Fetch Quickly (PSFQ)
7. Event-to-Sink Reliable Transport (ESRT)
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10. PROTOCOLS CONGESTION
MITIGATION
STCP TRAFFIC
REDIRECTION OR
BUFFER SIZE ESRT END-TO-END RATE
ADJUSTMENT
DST
END-TO-END RATE
NODE PRICE PORT ADJUSTMENT
BUFFER SIZE AND ADJUST SENDING
CODA
CHANNEL LOAD RATE AT EACH
NODE
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11. RELIABILITY MEASURE
PACKET RELIABILITY &
STCP
PACKET RECOVERY
EVENT INFORMATION
PORT RELIABILITY & NO PACKET
RECOVERY
CODA NO RELIABILITY MEASURE
DST
EVENT RELIABILITY & NO
PACKET RECOVERY
PSFQ
ESRT
PACKET AND DESTINATION
GARUDA RELIABILITY & PACKET
RECOVERY
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12. STCP
PORT
YES
GARUDA
CODA
DST
ESRT
NO
PSFQ
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13. TRAFFIC FLOW - i) Routing Type
ii) Data Aggregation
iii) Computation Overhead
ENERGY EFFICIENCY - i) Extra energy Requirement
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14. 1. GEOGRAPHICAL ROUTING
ANCHOR LOCATION SERVICE
2. (ALS)
3. SECURE ROUTING (SecRout)
4. SECURE CELL REPLAY (SCR)
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15. PROTOCOLS
Location-
GEOGRAPHICAL
ROUTING based Routing
& No Data
Aggregation
ALS
SecRout Cluster-based
Routing & Data
Aggregation
SCR
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16. GEOGRAPHICAL Neighbor Selection/
ROUTING Blacklisting
Each anchor processes sink
ALS location information
SecRout
Encrypting and Decrypting
Packets
SCR
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17. Concerned with the data-transfer between two
nodes that share the same link.
PROTOCOLS
1. Z-MAC (Medium Access Control)
2. LOW POWER RESERVATION-
BASED MAC
3. LOW POWER DISTRIBUTED MAC
4. CC-MAC (Spatial Correlation-based
Collaborative MAC)
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18. Z-MAC TDMA/CSMA
Low Power
Reservation Based TDMA
MAC
Low Power
Distributer MAC
CSMA/CA
CC-MAC
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19. 1. MONITORING
2. TRACKING
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20. Connected * Everything on Internet
Consumer * Everybody on Internet
Electronics
-Technology to
*Blend and interconnect individual smart
devices
*Enable access to information about the real
world
*Interact and influence the real world
Intelligent transport,
industry and society,
smart utilities
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21. Eisha Madhwal 5/30/2012 22

22.  Jennifer Yick, Biswanath Mukherjee, Dipak Ghosal, Wireless
Sensor Network Survey, Elsevier, 2008
 BINARYCSE, http://www.binarycse.com/
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23. THANK YOU!
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