This document describes a technique for digitally calibrating the current of a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) to optimize its phase noise performance across process and temperature variations. The phase error (PHE) signal from a digital PLL is digitized and used to estimate the DCO's phase noise. By adjusting the DCO current digitally based on the estimated phase noise, the optimum operating point with minimum phase noise can be identified. Measurement results on a 90nm CMOS chip demonstrate good correlation between the estimated and measured DCO phase noise, validating the digital calibration approach.
This document describes a technique for digitally calibrating the current of a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) to optimize its phase noise performance across process and temperature variations. The phase error (PHE) signal from a digital PLL is digitized and used to estimate the DCO's phase noise. By adjusting the DCO current digitally based on the estimated phase noise, the optimum operating point with minimum phase noise can be identified. Measurement results on a 90nm CMOS chip demonstrate good correlation between the estimated and measured DCO phase noise, validating the digital calibration approach.
This lesson covers conditional statements, iterative processing, and organizing efficient SAS code. Conditional statements like IF-THEN-ELSE are used to analyze data and create new variables based on conditions. Iterative processing with DO loops allows code to be repeated. Efficient coding orders conditional statements and uses DO loops appropriately to avoid errors and ensure accurate results.
Designing process of printed circuit boardselprocus
Most key element in electronic circuits and equipment’s is the Printed Circuit Board which connects electronic components with conductive lines printed
This lesson covers conditional statements, iterative processing, and organizing efficient SAS code. Conditional statements like IF-THEN-ELSE are used to analyze data and create new variables based on conditions. Iterative processing with DO loops allows code to be repeated. Efficient coding orders conditional statements and uses DO loops appropriately to avoid errors and ensure accurate results.
Designing process of printed circuit boardselprocus
Most key element in electronic circuits and equipment’s is the Printed Circuit Board which connects electronic components with conductive lines printed