2. Contracts of Guarantee
Sec 126 deals with contract of guarantee.
As per this section contract of guarantee is a contract
to perform the promise, or discharge the liability of
the third person in case of his default.
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3. Parties to
Contract of Guarantee
The person who gives the guarantee is called the
Surety;
The person in respect of whose default the guarantee
is given is called the Principal Debtor;
The person to whom the guarantee is given is called
the Creditor.
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4. Essentials of
Contract of Guarantee
Tripartite Agreement
Consent of Three Parties
Existence of Liability
Essentials of Valid Contact
Guarantee not to be Obtained by Misrepresentation
Guarantee not to be Obtained by Concealment (any
guarantee which the creditor has obtained by means of keeping silence
as to material circumstances is invalid)
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5. Types of Guarantees
Specific Guarantee: It covers only one transaction
or objective, is limited to a certain sum of money
and is limited as to time.
Continuing Guarantee: It covers a series of
transactions subject to the limit as mutually agree
upon irrespective of the payments towards the
advance and irrespective of the fluctuations of the
balance in the debtors account.
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6. Liability of Surety
According to sec 128 the liability of the surety is co
extensive with that of the principle debtor, unless
otherwise provided by the contract.
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7. Discharge of Surety
By notice of revocation
By death of surety
By novation (new contract)
By variance in terms of contract
By release or discharge of Principal Debtor
By agreement
Loss of Security
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8. Contract of Indemnity vs.
Contract of Guarantee
Basis Contract of Indemnity Contract of Guarantee
No. of Parties Two Three
No. of
Contracts
One Three
Undertaking Indemnifier undertakes to
save the indemnity holder
from any loss.
The Surety undertakes for
the payment of debts of
principal debtor.
Nature of
Liability
The liability of indemnifier
is primary and
unconditional.
The liability of Surety is
secondary and conditional.
Nature of
Event
In case of contingency Only on the non
performance of an existing
promise
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