Database Throwdown Introduction

Sean Collins
Sean CollinsOpenStack Developer at Comcast
Database Terminology
 in 15 minutes or your money back!
Sean Collins

@sc68cal

https://github.com/sc68cal
Currently Works
     With....
9AM - 5PM (SQL)

  Oracle 11gR2

5-???? (NoSQL)

  Redis

  SimpleDB
Concepts

ACID

CAP

All of these terms describe the
promises that a database system will
abide by.

A contract for your data
ACID

Atomicity

Consistency

Isolation

Durability
Atomicity

All operations will occur, or none
will occur

Simple example:

  INSERT INTO Names
  (firstname,lastname) VALUES (Sean,
  Collins)
Consistency

All operations will leave the
database in a known good state

  Keys, Constraints, triggers, etc..

Cannot have operations that violate
the rules for your data

  Customer doesn’t exist

  Primary key that already exists
Isolation

Operations cannot interfere with one-
another

Handle multiple, concurrent
operations (One write, many reads) in
a defined manner.
Durability

Completed operations are bullet-proof

  Yank out the power cable

  Crash the database server process

When the database server comes back
up - database is in a consistent
state - with your data intact.
CAP
CAP Theorem - Eric Brewer
(Conjecture)

Seth Gilbert and Nancy Lynch
(Theorem)

    Consistency

    Availability

    Partition Tolerance
Consistency

All nodes in a distributed system see
the same data - at that exact moment

  Simple example: Update item B on
  node #1, query node #2 about B -
  get back the updated data
Availability

System will process requests, despite
failures in individual nodes

  Not a guarantee that the operation
  will succeed

Just a guarantee that you will get a
response back

  No guarantee is made for WHEN you
  will get a response back
Partition Tolerance


System will continue to operate, even
when arbitrarily many messages
between nodes are lost
PICK TWO


CAP Theorem asserts that of the three
properties, a system can only have
two.
Data Types

Relational Database

  Tables

  Columns

  Rows
Common NoSQL
      Datatypes

Key/Value

Column Store

Document

etc....
ACID vs. BASE
Someone clever... har har

“Basic Availability”

“Soft State”

“Eventually Consistent”

Much prefer CAP theorem - exposes the
tradeoffs that you have to choose
between
1 of 17

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Database Throwdown Introduction

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