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GEOTAIL衛星による地球磁気圏前面での磁気リコネクションの観測
坂口達哉,近藤光志
愛媛大学
data
GEOTAIL衛星
12秒間隔の観測データ
磁気圏周辺の観測
omni data
1分間隔の観測データ
太陽風の観測
Introduction
Abstruct
 GEOTAIL衛星による地球磁気圏前面の観測によりリコネクションジェットが磁気圏側に存在し、シース
プラズマが磁気圏側にも存在することが分かった。これにより、磁気圏プラズマとシースプラズマを分ける
接触不連続面が磁気圏側に存在することが明らかになった。
地球磁気圏前面では、磁気リコネクションは頻繁に起こっていることが知られている。磁気リコネクショ
ン過程において、リコネクションジェットや接触不連続面の存在が示唆されている。この磁気リコネクショ
ンのメカニズムについて 理解する上で上記の 2 つの理解を深めることは磁気圏周辺の物理を理解する上
で重要である。
 また、S.Nitta et al.,(2016) において、太陽風と地球磁気圏のような非対称磁気リコネクションの数値
計算の結果により、磁気シースと磁気圏のプ ラズ マを分けている接触不連続面が磁気圏側に潜り込むこ
と、リコネクションジェットが磁気圏側で強く吹くことが示された。
本研究の目的は以下の通りである。

 1.GEOTAIL 衛星による地球磁気圏前面の観測データからリコネクションジェットを同定する。

 2. シミュレーションの結果で示唆されている密度と圧力の関係を用いて、接触不連続面を観測データか
ら見つける
 リコネクションジェットの同定に関しては、磁気圏境界をまたぐ際の磁気エネルギーの変化量によりプ
ラズマが Alfven 速度まで加速されることから速度を推定する方法がある [T.D.Phan et al.,2004]。この
方法を用いて速度成分を推定し、観測された速度成分と比較することでリコネクションジェットの同定を
行う。また、リコネクションジェット観測時の磁場の成分からジェットが磁気圏側で測定されているのか
磁気シース側で測定されているのかを特定する。
 接触不連続面に関しては、通過時に圧力は変化しないが、密度が変化するため、リコネクションジェッ
ト観測時の観測データの密度と圧力の位相のずれから接触不連続面を探し、この接触不連続面の存在を考
える。
Method
x
座標変換(GSM→LMN)
   minimum variance analysys(BENGT U. Ö . SONNERUP and MAUREEN SCHEIBLE 1998)
を用いて座標変換
リコネクションジェットの同定
 shear stress balance test(T.D.Phan et al.,2004)によりl方向の速度を推定
80%以上の一致
→リコネクションジェットと同定
接触不連続面の同定
 ・ジェット付近においてP/Nを基準に接触不連続面を同定する
 ・接触不連続面が磁気圏側もしくはシース側のどちらに存在するのか調べる。
year dayofyear
1996 333 08:45 - 1996 333 17:20
(IMF >500min)
2010 90 05:48 - 2010 90 13:24
(IMF 400 500min)
1997 10 04:52 - 1997 10 09:44
1997 314 05:59 - 1997 314 10:07
1998 73 23:49 - 1998 74 03:55
2004 162 23:25 - 2004 163 02:45
2009 116 20:10 - 2009 117 00:00
2011 173 09:40 - 2011 173 14:08
(IMF 200 300min)
reconnection jetを
同定できなかったため除く
5イベントについて調べる
特徴が明確な3イベント
について結果を示す
y
z
Results
イベントの選出
 
 条件
 ・IMF Bzが南向きで200min以上継続
 ・GEOTAIL衛星が以下の領域を1度でも観測
           8Re<=x<=12Re
           -5Re<=y<=5Re (GSM座標系)
 ・magnetopauseを通過
y
x
z
: リコネクション位置の南側か北側かの違い
速度変化の推定 :
速度の推定値 :
m
l
n
1996 333 08:45 - 1996 333 17:20
・jetを観測
・reconnection siteの南側を通過
spheresheath,BL
・jetは磁気圏側(Bl>0)で観測
・P/Nの低いsheathプラズマ
 →磁気圏側にも存在 接触不連続面
1997 10 04:52 - 1997 10 09:44
sheath plasma
sheath plasma
接触不連続面
2004 162 23:25 - 2004 163 02:45
sheath plasma
接触不連続面
Summary
より細かい変動を調べる事で境界層のさらに細かい構造まで明らかにできると期待出来る
→さらに時間分解能の高い衛星データの解析が必要
 IMFが南向きで安定している期間におけるmagnetopause付近の観測において、¦Vl¦>=200km/sのリコネクショ
ンジェットが観測され、それらは磁気圏側のbounadry layerに存在し、シースプラズマが混入している事がわかる。
 また、これによりNitta et al,.2016の数値計算の結果を示唆するようなシースプラズマと磁気圏プラズマを分ける
接触不連続面が磁気圏側に存在する事が明らかになった。
・jetは磁気圏側(Bl>0)で観測
・P/Nの低いsheathプラズマ
 →磁気圏側にも存在

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