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絕地救援-街友好計畫
緣起:
在台北街頭,不時會遇到一
些我們一眼就能辨認出身分
的人,那就是街友。無論是
在賣大誌、乞討、撿回收,
我們似乎都能藉由衣著、表
情來分辨他們,進而選擇避
開他們、忽視他們。
人們不願面對也不願靠近,認為他
們產生害處、影響市容。政府與機
構似乎投入了資源,卻從未有效的
改善街友的問題。
我們希望藉由國外的案例與創新創
意,幫助這些無家的朋友,能有個
安全的避風港。
台北街友現況
台北街友約有500~1000人,九成曾經有過工作,
七成在街友期間仍有工作或短工。然而平均約每
個月三千到五千的收入,無法支付台北高額的房
租,只好選擇露宿街頭。
九成的街友都希望有個穩定的安身之所,而七成
以上的街友都願意工作。然而人們對街友的觀感
常常懷有偏見,加上由於服儀難以保持乾淨整潔,
導致尋找穩定工作的機會不高。被歧視的身分也
讓街友普遍沒有自信、沒有安全感,甚至沒有進
入正常職場的勇氣。
現行解決方式
政府與慈善機構:
1. 協助衛生清潔
2. 提供遊民社區派工機會
3. 醫療保障與服務
4. 協助輔導就業
6. 提供禦寒衣物、熱食,進行人道關懷
缺點:
1. 由於街友數量少,投入的人力物力也很少
2. 即使透過派工得到微薄收入,依然付不起房租
3. 耗費資源卻難以收到成效
4. 各項資源、機構分散,無法有效管理、分配
6. 無法改善人們對街友的觀感
7. 相關機構導致街友聚集,引起居民反彈
提案-街友好計畫(1)
借鏡國外做法:
歐洲、北美、澳洲,鬧區甚至住宅區設立街友服務據
點,他們將街友據點與外觀美化,服務功能多元化,
將二手物品交換中心、二手服飾租借中心、食物銀行、
財務諮詢中心、心理諮商中心、社區志工中心……乃至
大學實習生實習場所,結合在一個建築物中。以明亮
美觀的建築、整潔有序的內部管理、多元身份進出,
改變街友服務據點的社會形象,徹底去標籤化,讓街
友、準街友、低收入民眾、專業服務工作者,乃至一
般民眾,都能沒有心理負擔地進出據點。
提案-街友好計畫(2)
提案:
1.建造如同國外的街友據點,讓街友擁有長期住宿的地方,同時藉由
機構內的二手市場、食物銀行,有效利用社會資源、並提供街友工作
機會。
2.整合不同機構的資源進入據點,有效分配資源。而原本分散的食物
發散點,也可統整。減少許多人力資源的消耗。
3.結合教育與輔導,除了讓街友重新獲取能力的職業訓練、幫助心理
重建的心理輔導,同時也能透過與學生的經驗分享,讓習慣安逸的學
生有機會從不同角度看世界。
4.整合街友的人力資源,不但容易掌握動態與情況,也更容易讓需要
的工作人力尋找到這些願意工作的街友。
預計成效
國外的成效
•中心成立兩年以來,當地急症室和住院的平均使用量分
別下降了81%和62%。總醫療開支也節省了240萬美元,
較兩年前減少了70%。研究指,露宿者在入住中心後不
再依賴急診服務,而且能在第三者資助下自行承擔醫藥
費。
•闖入私人地方、遊蕩、行為不檢、買賣酒精飲品、盜竊
等輕微罪案數量下降了80%,監獄使用量也減少接近89%。
•成立兩年後,81%租客已經有能力負擔長期住宿開支,
不用再露宿街頭。
•每個城市每年花在街友問題的相關資源約節省4萬美元。
預計成效
計畫預計的成效
1.減少七成以上在外遊蕩的街友人數,同時減少社會安
全問題及犯罪問題。
2.減少80%相關醫療資源的浪費(露宿容易發燒、感冒、
受寒)。
3.整合相關物資、服務資源做有效應用。
4.大幅增加街友得到穩定收入的機會。
5.有居住的地方和機會,能幫助街友建立安全感與自信。
6.節省社會問題付出的成本每年百萬元。
7.提供學校社會教育與學生實習的良好場域。
參考資料
•http://mag.nownews.com/article.php?mag=9-54-3775
•http://www.outside.hk/直接給露宿者居所-更能節省公共開支
•http://www.laf.org.tw/tw/b3_1_2.php?msg1=34&msg2=404&PHPSESSID=afn
ppvpqt78jppggomvk3e1lu0
•http://talk.news.pts.org.tw/2011/12/vs_27. html
•http://www.rootlaw.com.tw/LawArticle.aspx?LawID=B010080110000100-
1030102
•http://hspd2015.weebly.com/uploads/2/7/8/9/27896095/%E8%A1%97%E7%8
2%BA%E5%8F%8B%EF%BC%8C%E9%82%84%E6%98%AF%E7%9A%86%E7%8
2%BA%E5%8F%8B__3d&i.pdf
•http://www.coolloud.org.tw/node/56885

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絕地救援 街友好計畫