Singapore is a small island country located off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It has a tropical climate with high humidity and rainfall. The majority of Singapore's population lives in the city-state and the economy is driven by exports, finance, tourism, and cargo transport. Malaysia is a Southeast Asian country located on the Malay Peninsula and the island of Borneo. It has a tropical climate and terrain that ranges from coastal plains to inland mountains. The culture is influenced by Malay, Chinese, Indian and European traditions. Indonesia is an archipelago located in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It has over 17,000 islands and a population with diverse cultures influenced by

1. ASIA
SINGAPORE
MALAYSIA
INDONESIA
Jundel Rae J. Ampong
BSTM TM11

2. INTRODUCTION
•I am Jundel Rae J. Ampong. I’m 18 years old
and I live in San Francisco Agusan del Sur. I
graduated from ASNHS as a GAS student and is
now pursuing Bachelor of Science in Tourism
Management at Urios University.

3. SINGAPORE

5. Singapore Geography and Culture:
• Singapore is a very small tropical Southeast Asian country that lies just to
the north of the equator at the tip of the Malay Peninsula. Since the
majority of Singapore consists of the large city seen here, it is often
referred to as a city state.
• Singapore is boarded to the north, east, and west by the nation of
Malaysia. The strait of Singapore lies to its south, and beyond it are some
islands belonging to the country of Indonesia, Thirteen and a half percent
of those of Chinese ancestry are Malay, with the majority of the rest
European.
• Singapore is a unitary parliamentary republic, long dominated by a single
party that’s admired for its religious toleration, strict laws, lack of political
corruption and practical, effective governmental policies.

6. Singapore Geography and Culture:
• Singapore is a global commercial and financial center, and its huge
port is a major hub for the transshipment of international trade
goods. It’s a major oil refining center too.
• Singapore frequently outperforms all other countries in student
academic achievement and public, safety, and in addition, around
10% of the land of the Singapore consists of publicly owned parts and
green spaces historically.
• Singapore started out as a small trading port back in the 11th century
due to its strategic location on the straits of Singapore.

7. Singapore Geography and Culture:
• Singapore became part of Great Britain’s Straits Settlements colonies.
It gained independence from Britain’s in 1963 by uniting with other
former British territories to from the new nation of Malaysia just to
years later, Singapore was forced out of the Malaysian confederation
and became a separate country.
• Geographically, the territory of Singapore consists mainly of low-lying
flats with one high hill. Originally, its shoreline was dotted with
swamps and mangroves, and some of these still remain today.

8. Singapore Geography and Culture:
• Since the 1960’s, the country has increased its territory by nearly 20
percent, to a total of 277 square miles. It’s done this by excavating soil
and rocks from its interior lands and from other countries, then
dumping the materials into the water along its shoreline to create
new land.
• Singapore has a tropical rainforest climate with high humidity and
nearly daily rainfall that averages around 92 inches each year. Its
typical high temperature is 95 degrees Fahrenheit and its typical low
is 72.

9. Singapore Social, Economical, Political
facts
• Social: Singapore is truly a multicultural and multilingual society with
four official languages: Mandarin Chinese, Malay, Tamil, and English
• Economical: The Singapore economy is mainly driven by exports iin
electronics manufacturing and machinery, financial services, tourism,
and the world’s busiest cargo seaport.
• Political: Singaporean politics have been dominated by the People’s
Action Party (PAP) since the 1959 general election when Lee Kuan
Yew became Singapore’s first Prime minister (Singapore was then a
self- governing state within the British Empire). The PAP has been the
only ruling party to form the government since then.

10. Facts about Singapore
• Singapore has the highest population density in the world, with 8,358
people per square kilometer.
• Singapore is one of the world’s only three surviving city-states.
• Singapore’s economy has been ranked as the most open in the world,
third at least corrupt, most pro-business with low tax rates, and the
third highest per capita GDP in terms of purchasing power parity.
• Chewing gum is banned in Singapore.
• There is a maximum limit to the height of buildings in Singapore
which is 280 meters.

11. Fact about Singapore
• Singaporeans are the fastest pedestrians in the world, walking at a
speed of about 6.15 kilometers per hour.
• There is an actual law against not flushing the public toilet after using
it in Singapore, and you will be finned SGD 112 if you get caught.
• One of every six people in Singapore has assets worth one million
dollars or more.
• Unlike all the countries, there is no war or battle to help Singapore
gain independence from Malaysia.
• Littering is huge offence in Singapore. If you are found littering small
items, you will have to pay 225 dollars as a fine.

12. Major Tourism Destinations in Singapore
• Singapore has been called a “playground for the rich”, and it’s true
that the tiny city-state does have a certain gloss of riches. Singapore,
however, provides more that simply upscale shops, five-star hotels,
and excellent cuisine. Along with several family-friendly activities and
charming public spaces, this rather futuristic city also has a rich
history and numerous ethnic neighborhoods to explore. Singapore
offers a first-rate public transportation system that makes travelling
around simple and convenient.

13. Major Tourism Destinations in Singapore
• Marina Bay Sands
• Gardens by the Bay
• Botanic Gardens Singapore
• Singapore Zoo
• Orchard Road
• Singapore Flyer
• Chinatown
• Sentosa Island

15. Major Tourism Destinations in Singapore
• Clarke Quay
• Universal Studios Singapore
• Night Safari Singapore
• Merlion Park
• Raffle Hotels Singapore
• Jewel Changi Airport
• Treetop walk at MacRitchie Reservoir
• Makansutra Gluttons Bay

17. Major Tourism Destinations in Singapore
• Lau Pu Sat Market
• S.E.A Aquarium
• Haw Par Villa
• Little Indian and Arab street

19. Malaysia

21. Malaysia Geography
• Malaysia is located in the southeast of the Asian continent therefore this
region if often referred to as Southeast Asia.
• Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya Malaysia getting two capitals. Kuala Lumpur
acts as the national capital, whereas Putrajaya hosts the federal
Government.
• There are over 28 million inhabitants in the country ( January 2012).
• Malaysia consists out two parts: Peninsular Malaysia, located between
Thailand in the north and Singapore in the south, and the two provinces
Sabah and Sarawak, located on Borneo.
• Malaysia is one big pristine jungle. More than half of the country’s surface
exists of jungle. The national park Taman Negara contains one of the
world’s oldest primary rainforest.

22. Malaysia Geography
• Especially in the area along the Kinabatangan River, just a narrow
stretch of rainforest remains, the rest is almost completely chopped
for palm oil plantations and bio-industry.
• The fertile Malaysian soil is mainly suitable for oil palms, tree and
cocoa plantations and rubber trees.
• There are no activate volcanoes in Malaysia. Earthquakes are
occasionally felt but usually don’t take place on Malaysian grounds.
• During this rainy season flooding is particularly bad in the
northeastern parts of Peninsular Malaysia.

23. Malaysia Geography
• Kuala Lumpur occasionally has to deal with flooding but after the
construction of the huge SMART tunnel problems due to flooding
were much less.
• The west coast of the Peninsula characterizes itself with a lot of
mangrove woods and flat areas the east coast by the many beaches,
the inland consists mainly of mountains and jungle.
• On the Island Borneo in the state of Sabah Malaysia’s highest
mountains is found Mount Kinabalu.

24. Malaysia Culture
• Culture of Malaysia draws on the varied cultures of the different
people of Malaysia.
• The first people to live in the area were indigenous tribes that still
remain they were followed by the Malays, who moved there from
mainland Asia in ancient times.
• Chinese and Indian cultural influences made their mark when trade
began with those countries, and increased with immigration to
Malaysia.
• Other cultures that heavily influenced that of Malaysia include
Persian, Arabic, British.

25. Malaysia Culture
• Language in Malaysia is an Austronesian language spoken not only by
Malaysians but all Malay people who reside in the Malay Peninsula.
Southern Thailand, The Philippines, Singapore, central eastern Sumatra,
the Riau islands, parts of the coast of Borneo, Cocos and Christmas Island
in Australla.
• Group Orientation, the family is considered the center of the social
structure. As a result there is a great emphasis on unity, loyalty and respect
for the elderly.
• The concept of Face, Malays, Chinese and Indians all strive to maintain face
and avoid shame both in public and private.
• Meeting and Greeting Malays are aware of Western ways so the handshake
is normal.

26. Malaysia Culture
Names in Malaysia The way names are used also varies between
ethnicities.
Chinese: The Chinese traditionally have 3 names. The surname (family
name) is first and is followed by two personal names. Many Chinese
adopt more Western names and may ask you to use that instead.
Malays: Many Malays do not have surnames, Instead, men add their
own name with the term “bin” (meaning son of). So Rosil bin Suleiman,
would be Rosli the son of Suleiman.
Indian: Many Indians do not use surnames. Instead, they place the
initial of their father’s name in front of their own name. The man’s
formal name is their name “s/o” (son of) and the father’s name

27. Malaysia Culture
• Gif giving to Malays: If invited to someone’s home for dinner bring the
hostess pastries or good quality chocolates.
• Gift giving to Chinese Malaysians : If invited to someone’s home, bring
a small gift or fruit, sweets, or cakes, saying that it is for the children.
• Gift giving to Indian Malaysians: Money should be given in odd
numbers. Offer gifts with the right hand only or both hands if the
item is large. Do not wrap gifts in white or black.

28. Malaysia Culture
• Malay men wear baju, melayu, samping, and songkok as their
traditional clothing.
• Malay women wear baju, kurong or baju kebaya as their traditional
cutom
• Malay traditional cuisine Nasi lemak, ketupat, lemang
• A Malay culture celebration –Hari Raya Aidiladha
• Chinese women wear cheongsam as their traditional custom.
• Traditional Chinese cusine- Mooncake- Dumpling- Hainan Chicken
Rice
• Traditional Celebration: Chinese New Year

29. Malaysia Culture
• Indian Culture: The traditional clothes for Indian men are dothi.
• Indian Women wear sarees as their traditional outfit
• Indian eats: Roti Canai, Tandoori, Chicken, and Nasi Kandar Indians
celebrated Deepavali.

30. Malaysia Social, Economical, Political
facts
• Social: Malaysia is a multi-cultural society. The main ethnic groups are
na the native Malays as well as large populations of Chinese, and
Indians.
• Economical: The production and export of primary industries, such as
crude oil, palm oil, tin, and rubber, have contributed significantly to
the socio-economic development of the country.
• Political: The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Malaysia a “Flawed
democracy” in 2016. Malaysia was a runner up to the Economist 2018
“Country of the Year”

31. Facts about Malaysia
• The country declared independence from the British Empire in 1957.
• Ethnic Malays account for roughly half of Malaysia’s estimated 31
million people.
• Malaysia has a unique rotating monarchy system, in which nine ethnic
Malay state rulers, take turns as king for five-year terms.
• The country is made up of two main landmasses, Peninsular Malaysia
and Malaysian Borneo.
• The Sarawak Cave chamber is the largest known cave chamber in the
world.

32. Facts about Malaysia
• The Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur were the world’s tallest buildings
until 2004. Standing 451.9 meters (1,483 feet) high with 88 stories.
• Shoe designer Jimmy Choo was born in Penang, Malaysia. Queen Elizabeth
II awarded him the order of the British Empire in 2003.
• What may be the world’s richest unrecovered treasure trove from a sunken
ship rests somewhere on the sea floor in Malaysia’s Strait of Malacca.
• The National currency is the ringgit, which is dated term for “jagged”
• Four UNESCO-designated World Heritage Sites are found in Malaysia:
Gunung Mulu National Park, Kinabalu Park, the historic cities of Melaka
and George Town, and the archaeological heritage site of the Lenggong
Valley.

33. Major Tourism Destinations in Malaysia
• Petronas Twin Towers, Kuala Lumpur
• Batu Caves, Selangor
• Mount Kinabalu, Sabah
• Perhentian Islands
• Sipadan Island
• Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak
• Penang Hill
• Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre, Sandakan

35. Major Tourism Destinations in Malaysia
• Kek Lok Si Temple, George Town
• Langkawi SkyCab, Kedah
• Bako National Park, Borneo
• Cameron Highlands, Pahang
• Ipoh Caverns

37. INDONESIA

39. Indonesia Geography
• Indonesia is an archipelagic country located in Southeast Asia, lying
between the Indian Ocean.
• Indonesia is the largest archipelago in the world.
• Indonesia’s various regional cultures have been shaped although not
specifically determined by centuries of complex interactions with its
physical environment.
• Indonesia actually has land boarders with three of these countries,
East timor, Papua New Guinea, and Malaysia on the biggest island of
niall or kalimantan which is one of the world’s only triple split nation
islands the other one being Cyprus.

40. Indonesia Geography
• The archipelago of Indonesia comprises of a Total of 17,504 islands
that are officially listed.
• The moderate climate that is clearly demarcated as wet season and
dry season with no extremes of either summer or winter makes it
deal as a travel destination.
• Indonesia has a total land area of 1,904,569 square kilometers
(735,358 sq mil), Including 93,000 square kilometers (35,908 sq mi) of
inland seas (strait bays, and other bodies of water.
• This makes it the largest Island country in the world

41. Indonesia Geography
• Indonesia is a transcontinental country, where its territory consisted
of islands geologically considered as part of either Asia or Australia.
• During the Pleistocene, the Greater Sunda Islands were connected to
the Asian mainland while New Guinea was connected to Australia.

42. Indonesia Culture
• Indonesian Culture is focused around the community, with a
hierarchical structure.
• Indonesians believe in the concept of gotong royong (mutual
assistance) and mufakat (consensus), and the national motto is
Bhinneka Tunggal ika (Unity in diversity)
• Most Indonesian people are indirect when they communicate, so as
not to offend others
• Much of the language is communicated non-verbally, so pay attention
to body language.

43. Indonesia Culture
• Avoid sharp items (which can indicate that you wish to server the
friendship), alcohol (as it it often prohibited in Islam) non-Halal
foodstuffs, or leather (as it often prohibited in Hinduism).
• Indonesia has a standardized dialect of the Malay language, known as
Bahasa Indonesian, which was declared as the official language of
Indonesians during the nation’s independence in 1945.
• Indonesia is the largest nation with people following the Islamic fait in
the world, with 88% of the population being Muslim.
• In addition, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Christianity are
all practiced in prevalent within Indonesia.

44. Indonesia Culture
• Indonesia has always had a history of arts, with influence from as far
back as the stone age.
• The music in Indonesia is also varied and it is well worth taking time
out to enjoy a performance o two during your tour of Indonesia.
• Dance in Indonesia play’s a major role in the culture, and many
performers have usually been practicing under the guidance of an
expert since childhood.

45. Indonesia Social, Economical, Political
facts
• Social: Indonesian society is largely male-dominated, often due to
religious teachings or traditions in both Islam and Hinduism.
• Economical: The country is a major exporter of crude petroleum and
natural gas. In addition, Indonesia is one of the world’s main suppliers
of rubber, coffee, cocoa, and palm oil, it also produces a wide range of
other commodities such as sugar, tea, tobacco, copra, and spices.
• Political: The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Indonesia a “flawed
democracy” in 2019. Indonesia’s political parties have been
characterized as cartel parties with extensive power-sharing among
parties and limited accountability to voters.

46. Facts about Indonesia
• It is the largest archipelago in the world.
• It is home to a huge dragons, They are technically Lizards
• Indonesia has the third highest number of volcanoes in the world
• It has nine world heritage sites for you to visit
• Indonesia is home to the world’s largest flower
• There are a lot of languages found across the whole Indonesia
• It is a biodiversity hotspot
• The largest volcanic lake in the world is located here

47. Facts about Indonesia
• Indonesia has the second largest coastline in the world
• This island country is home to the Orangutan
• Indonesia has the same flag as Monaco
• Some of the coffee beans are extracted from animal poop.
• It has the world’s largest gold mine
• They had the first team to qualify fro the FIFA world cup in SouthEast
Asia
• Indonesia has the largest young population in the world

48. Major Tourism Destinations in Indonesia
• Beaches of Bali
• Borobudur
• Orangutans of Borneo
• Gili Islands
• Komodo National Park
• Sacred Monkey Forest, Ubod
• Mount Bromo
• Tana Toraja

50. Major Tourism Destinations in Indonesia
• Kalimantan, Borneo
• Lake Toba
• Mount Krakatau
• Raja Ampat
• Gunung Rinjani
• Pura Tanah Lot
• Banda Islands
• Jatiluwih Rice Fields Bali

52. References:
• SINGAPORE
• https://youtu.be/Uq9aUpVWe5E
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Singapore
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Singapore
• https://youtu.be/FWcUQ32Htho
• MALAYSIA
• https://www.commisceo-global.com/resources/country-guides/malaysia-guide
• https://www.wonderfulmalaysia.com/malaysia-geography.htm
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Malaysia
• https://www.commisceo-global.com/resources/country-guides/malaysia-guide
• https://www.fao.org/3/x6900e/x6900e0h.htmhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_Malaysia
• INDONESIA
• https://www.enchantingtravels.com/destinations/asia/indonesia/indonesia-culture/
• https://www.anywhere.com/indonesia/travel-guide/society-and-development
• https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/web-stories/nations-with-more-than-one-capital/photostory/75196186.cms