2. What is post modernism
Postmodernism is a term applied to a wide-
ranging set of developments in critical
theory, philosophy, architecture, art,
literature, and culture, which are generally
characterized as either emerging from, in
reaction to, or superseding, modernism

3. Postmodernism in adverts
 Smoking adverts
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyCl3BdlICY
 Guinness advert
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TPY-rn27u0E

4. Postmodernism in smoking
 Part of this stemmed from expedience. Before adverts
for cigarettes were banned from our screens, and then
from billboards and the press, tobacco manufacturers
were told they were not allowed to encourage potential
consumers to smoke their products. Thus the likes of
Silk Cut and Benson & Hedges resorted to bizarre
imagery, with adverts simply featuring pyramids or
lizards – with only the morbid health warning
underneath informing you that this lovely product is
probably going to kill you.

5. Postmodernism in guiness the comparison
and synoptic link it had to smoking adverts
 Part of this stemmed from expedience. Before adverts
for cigarettes were banned from our screens, and then
from billboards and the press, tobacco manufacturers
were told they were not allowed to encourage potential
consumers to smoke their products. Thus the likes of
Silk Cut and Benson & Hedges resorted to bizarre
imagery, with adverts simply featuring pyramids or
lizards – with only the morbid health warning
underneath informing you that this lovely product is
probably going to kill you.

6. Postmodernism in hip hop
 To me, hip hop has always been a post-modern art
form, meaning that it subverts, if not rejects,
traditional conceptions of art and morality. Therefore I
have separated this piece into two section, one dealing
with the hip hop aesthetic and the other with hip hop
ethics. What unites these two parts is their shared
subversion of traditional assumptions about art and
morality.

7. Lauryn Hill: Post-Modern hip hop
 One hip-hop artist that continues to redefine this culture
through her music while rejecting the influence of oppressive
social norms is Lauryn Hill. This prophetic
vocalist/poet/musician/actress/activist/mother has redefined
her self, and in doing so, has redefined notions of feminism and
religion in the context of hip-hop.
Lauryn Hill is a complex individual manifestation of post-
modernity, encompassing a wide range of beliefs and
characteristics that often conflict and blend together. Lauryn
Hill also represents the less narrowly defined 3rd wave of
feminism because her post-modern complexity results in an
incredibly empowering message for women, which often
conflicts with her more traditional submission to certain
patriarchal values. Lauryn Hill also embodies a post-modern
approach to “Prophetic Christianity”