environmental protection, legal aspects, laws

1. • Environmental Acts &
Regulations,
• Role of government,
• Legal aspects

2. Law for Environmental
Protection
• International concern for environmental
protection
– International concern for Sustainable
Development
– UN conference on Human Environment and
Development-Stockholm-1972
– Result-Stockholm Declaration on the Human
Environment

3. Law for Environmental
Protection (Cont)
• Report of the world commission on
Environment and Development-1987-
Brundtland Commission
• Sustainable Development Concept
• Cocoyoc Declaration on Environment and
Development-1970

4. Law for Environmental
Protection (Cont)
• Definition
• “Sustainable development is the
development that meets the needs of the
present without compromising the ability
of the future generations to meet their own
needs”

5. Law for Environmental
Protection (Cont)
• The Earth Summit-
– The United Nations conference on
Environment and Development (UNCED)
popularly known as Earth Summit-1992 at Rio
de Janeiro-
– 150 Governments participated
– Earth summit was inspired by Brundtland
report 1987

6. Law for Environmental
Protection (Cont)
• The Result of Summit-Agenda 21
– Agenda 21-a comprehensive Blue print for
Global actions for Sustainable Development
– Agenda 21-a voluntary action plan
– Agenda 21-Divided into 4 sections

7. Law for Environmental
Protection (Cont)
• Section I-Social and Economic
• Section II-Conservation and Management
of Resources for Development
• Section III-Straightening the Role of Major
Groups
• Section IV-Means of implementation

8. Law for Environmental
Protection (Cont)
• Role of India
– Constitution-Indian constitution is perhaps
one of the rare constitutions of the world
which contains specific provisions relating
to Environmental protection
– India is a signatory to many Environmental
treaties

9. Law for Environmental
Protection (Cont)
– Indian constitution Article 51 (c ) provides
that India shall respect International
treaties
– Devolves duty on the citizen also to preserve
the nature
– Article 48-A puts duty on the state
regarding the protection of Environment

11. Law for Environmental
Protection (Cont)
• All signatories to translate the Summit
decisions into action-implementation
• India under obligation to implement
Environmental protection
• Article 253 of the constitution provides for
power of parliament to make law for
implementing any treaty

12. Law for Environmental
Protection (Cont)
• Under this provisions, parliament enacted
many laws for protection of Environment,
prevention of pollution
• International law, unless otherwise
contrary can be construed as binding.

13. Law for Environmental
Protection (cont)
• Important legislations:
– The Water (prevention and control of pollution)
Act, 1974
– The Air (prevention and control of pollution) Act,
1981
– The Environment (Protection) Act,1986
– The National Environment Appellate Authority
Act,1997
– The National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995

14. Cont…
• The wildlife(Protection) Act, 1972
• The National environment tribunal Act,
1995
• The Environmental Protection Act, 1986
• The Bio-Diversity Act, 2002
• Are the other related environmental
legislations.

16. • 1. Environmental (Protection) Act was enacted in the year
• a) 1986 b) 1992 c) 1984 d) 1974
•
• 2. The Air (Prevention & control of pollution) Act was enacted in the
year
• a) 1981 b) 1996 c) 2000 d) 1974
•
• 3. The Water (Prevention & control of pollution) Act was enacted
in the year
• a) 1986 b) 1974 c) 1994 d) 2004
•
• 3. The Wild life protection act was enacted in the year
• a) 1986 b) 1974 c) 1994 d) 1972
•
• 5. The Forest (Conservation)Act was enacted in the year
• a) 1986 b) 1974 c) 1980 d) 1972
•

17. • 6. The first major environmental protection act to be promulgated in India was:
• a) The Wild life protection act
• b) The air act
• c) The noise pollution act
• d) None of the above
•
• 7. The central pollution control board was established under the provision of:
• a) Environmental (Protection) Act 1986
• b) Air (Prevention & control) Act 1981
• c) Water (Prevention & control of pollution) Act 1974
• d) None of the above
•
• 8. The Karnataka state pollution control board (KSPCB) was established in the
year
• a) 1974 b) 1982 c) 1986 d) 1976
•

18. • 9. Environmental protection is the responsibility of
• a) Govt. of India b) NGO’s
• c) Individual d) All
•
• 10. ‘Earth day’ is observed on
• a) 1st
December b) 5th
June
• c) 22nd
April d) 1st
January

19. • ISO 14000 standards deal with
environment management
• Tiger conservation project was started in
1973