Confidentiality, integrity, and availability are the three common database security goals. Three vulnerabilities that could compromise a database are: 1) technical vulnerability of weak authentication that allows unauthorized access, 2) managerial vulnerability of lack of security policies and training that leads to human errors, and 3) procedural vulnerability of infrequent security audits and patches that allow vulnerabilities to persist. Specific actions to minimize these include implementing strong authentication, creating security policies and training, and conducting regular audits and updates.