Fluorine, PSM, Community Medicine,DR NARENDRA KUMAR YADAV

1. Fluorine
DR NARENDRA KUMAR YADAV
MD Community Medicine & Tropical Diseases, BPKIHS

2. Fluorine:
vMicronutrients
vMinerals(Trace element)
vAbout 96 % of the fluoride in the body is found in bones and
teeth.
vFluorine is essential for the normal mineralization of bones
and formation of dental enamel.

3. .
Sources of fluorine:
vMajor source: Drinking water
vFoods: Sea fish, Cheese & Tea
Fluorine is a “Double edged sword”
vInadequate intake results: Dental caries
vExcess intake results: Dental and Skeletal fluorosis

4. Drinking water:
v Recommended level of fluorine in drinking water: 0.5-0.8 mg/litre (ppm)
v Maximum permitted level of fluorine in drinking water: 1.5 mg/litre(ppm)
Level >1.5 ppm Dental fluorosis (mottling)
Best seen on central incisors and first molar of upper jaw
Level 3.0-6.0 ppm Skeletal fluorosis
Level >10 ppm Crippling fluorosis

5. MCQ
Q. Fluoride content in drinking water normally safe is:
A. 0.5 -0.8 mg/l
B. 0.8- 1.0 mg/l
C. 0.2-0.8 mg/l
D. 0.2-0.5 mg/l

6. .
Ans: A (0.5 -0.8 mg/l)
v Recommended level of fluorine in drinking water: 0.5-0.8 mg/litre (ppm)
v Maximum permitted level of fluorine in drinking water: 1.5mg/litre (ppm)

7. MCQ
Q. Dental fluorosis is best seen in:
A. Central and lateral incisor
B. Central incisor and first molar
C. First and second molar
D. canines

8. .
Ans: B (Central incisor and first molar)
vDental fluorosis (mottling) is best seen on central incisors
and first molar of upper jaw

9. MCQ
Q. Fluorine levels intake required for development of skeletal
fluorosis:
A. 1.0-1.5 ppm
B. 1.5-3.0 ppm
C. 3.0-6.0 ppm
D. >10 ppm

10. .
Ans: C (3.0-6.0 ppm)
Level >1.5 ppm Dental fluorosis (mottling)
Best seen on central incisors and first molar of upper
jaw
Level 3.0-6.0 ppm Skeletal fluorosis
Level >10 ppm Crippling fluorosis

11. MCQ
Q. Fluorine levels intake required for development of crippling
fluorosis:
A. 1.0-1.5 ppm
B. 1.5-3.0 ppm
C. 3.0-6.0 ppm
D. >10 ppm

12. .
Ans: D (>10 ppm)
Level >1.5 ppm Dental fluorosis (mottling)
Best seen on central incisors and first molar of upper
jaw
Level 3.0-6.0 ppm Skeletal fluorosis
Level >10 ppm Crippling fluorosis

13. The End