Hajj Pilgrimage to the House of God

Hajj—Pilgrimage to the
House of God
10
The Review of Religions’
Exhibition: An Interfaith
Event
32
My First Visit to Jalsa
Salana
36
The Economic System
of Islam
76
vol. 111 - issue nineseptember 2016 www.reviewofreligions.org
celebrating sacrifice:
eid-ul-adha

If among you, one of your
brothers should become poor, in
any of your towns within your
land that the Lord your God is
giving you, you shall not harden
your heart or shut your hand
against your poor brother, but
you shall open your hand to
him and lend him sufficient for
his need, whatever it may be.
CHRISTIANITY, THE BIBLE,
DEUTERONOMY 15:7-8.
Give to the one who begs from
you, and do not refuse the one
who would borrow from you.
CHRISTIANITY, THE BIBLE,
MATTHEW 5:42.
O ye who believe! Render not
vain your alms by taunt and
injury, like him who spends his
wealth to be seen of men, and
he believes not in Allah and the
Last Day. His case is like the case
of a smooth rock covered with
earth, on which heavy rain falls,
leaving it bare, smooth and hard.
They shall not secure aught of
what they earn. And Allah guides
not the disbelieving people.
ISLAM, THE HOLY QUR’AN,
2:65.
Hakim bin Hizam narrates that
the Holy Prophetsa
said, “The
upper hand is better than the
lower hand (i.e., he who gives in
charity is better than him who
takes it). One should start giving
first to his dependents. And the
best object of charity is that which
is given by a wealthy person. And
whoever abstains from asking
others for some financial help,
Allah will give to him and save
him from asking others, Allah
will make him self-sufficient.
ISLAM, Hadith, SAHIH
BUKHARI.
One may amass wealth with
hundreds of hands but one should
also distribute it with thousands
of hands. If someone keeps all
that he accumulates for himself
and does not give it to others the
hoarded wealth will eventually
prove to be the cause of ruin.
HINDUISM, ATHARVA VEDA
3:24-25.
For the love of his fellow men,
he is enjoined to protect them
in danger; to help them in
need and want; to raise their
understanding in education;
to enable them to enter into
holy bonds of matrimony; and
to the best of his resources to
enhance the prosperity and
welfare of the community of his
brotherhood in particular, and
of all mankind in general.
ZOROASTRIANISM,
TEACHINGS OF ZOROASTER,
YAÇNA XIV.
The Holy Prophet
Muhammadsa
prophesied
that the Promised Messiahas
would be raised near a
white minaret, east of
Damascus. This prophecy
was fulfilled with the advent
of the Promised Messiahas
from Qadian, India, a city
directly east of Damascus.
The Promised Messiahas
& imam mahdi
©makhzan-e-tasaweer
founder of
the review of religions
Helping the Poor
world faiths
Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmadas
, the Promised Messiah
and Mahdi was born to a noble family in Qadian, India.
From an early age he had a keen interest in religion and
developed a love for the Holy Prophet Muhammadsa
. He
was also known for his honesty, friendliness and resolve.
Over time his knowledge and understanding of religion
and its application to society deepened. Being a Muslim
it was his firm belief that all religions were true at their
source but with the passage of time had drifted away
from their original teachings; he upheld the dignity of
religion and demonstrated its relevance to everyone.
His earnest defence of religion was ultimately blessed
when he started to receive direct revelation from Allah
– a blessing that he continued for the rest of his life.
His mission was to revitalise the truth that all religions
held within them and to revive the teachings of Islam. It
was through this that he would bring mankind together
and establish everlasting peace.
In 1889, under Divine Guidance, Hazrat Ahmadas
founded the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community – a
community that has since grown in its stature and
strength and has remained active in conveying the
message of Islam to the ends of the earth.
Hazrat Ahmadas
had established himself as a respected
writer and had written over 80 books. His writings
have been translated into more than 60 languages and
continue to inspire readers to this day. One of his greatest
scholarly works was The Philosophy of the Teachings of
Islam, prepared as a paper and read out at the Conference
of Great Religions in 1896.
He also wrote a fascinating treatise in 1899 entitled Jesus
in India, a book that uncovered remarkable evidence
of Jesus’sas
journey to India. In 1902, the Promised
Messiahas
initiated The Review of Religions which has
covered a vast array of topics on religion, philosophy
and contemporary issues of the day. It is the longest
running English magazine in defence of Islam and the
values it teaches.
From 1889 until the time of his demise in 1908 tens
of thousands of people accepted him. This blessing
has continued and will continue through his Khulafa
(successors).
Currently under the fifth successor, we are seeing that the
tide of acceptance is worldwide and that the message of
Prophet Ahmadas
has really reached the ends of the earth.

8 The Institution of Hajj
HAZRAT MIRZA GHULAM AHMADAS
,
THE PROMISED MESSIAH AND IMAM MAHDI
10 Hajj—Pilgrimage to the
House of God
An in-depth look at the practices
and ritual of the world’s largest
religious pilgrimage.
Malik Jamil R. Rafiq, Rabwah, Pakistan
18 Life of The Holy Prophet
Muhammadsa
20 The Review of Religions’
Exhibition:An Interfaith Event
In August 2016,The Review of
Religions held a unique exhibit
featuring an exquisite Qur’an
collection and a rare Shroud of Turin
exhibit, along with the inauguration
of the Al-Qalam project.
Arif Khan, London, UK
62 My First Visit to Jalsa Salana
Brenda Benton details her experiences
at Jalsa Salana 2016 and her
involvement with the Shroud of Turin
Brenda Benton, UK
68 God Encompasses Everything
HAZRAT MIRZA GHULAM AHMADAS
, THE PROMISED
MESSIAH AND IMAM MAHDI
76 The Economic System of Islam
HAZRAT MIRZA BASHIR-UD-DIN MAHMUD AHMADRA
,
THE SECOND CALIPH OF THE AHMADIYYA MUSLIM
COMMUNITY
86 Calendar of Religious Events
Front cover picture:
Creative Commons Image by Fadi El Binni
Courtesy of Al Jazeera English on Flickr
contents
september 2016 Vol.111 issue nine
52
10
20

CHIEF EDITOR & MANAGER
Syed Amer Safir
ASSOCIATE EDITORS
Nakasha Ahmad,Tariq H. Malik
RELIGION & SCIENCE
Editor: Dr. Syed Muhammad Tahir Nasser
Deputy: Dr.Tauseef Khan
ISLAM & CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
Editor: Shahzad Ahmad
LAW & HUMAN RIGHTS
Editor: Qudsi Rasheed
Deputy: Ayesha Mahmood Malik
ANCIENT RELIGIONS & ARCHAEOLOGY
Editor: Fazal Ahmad
Deputy: Rizwan Safir
CHRISTIANITY
Editor: Navida Sayed
Deputy: Arif Khan
Women’s Section
Editor: Aliya Latif
Deputy: Meliha Hayat
BOOK REVIEWS
Editor: Sarah Waseem
WEB TEAM
Mubashra Ahmad, Hibba Turrauf
Special Collections
Head: Razwan Baig
EDITORIAL BOARD
Mansoor Saqi, Bockarie Tommy Kallon, Professor
Amtul Razzaq Carmichael, Murtaza Ahmad, Fiona
O’Keefe, Hassan Wahab, Jonathan Butterworth,
Munazza Khan, Waqar Ahmedi, Mahida Javed
SUB-EDITORS
Munawara Ghauri (Head), Maryam Malik,
Nusrat Haq, Mariam Rahman
PROOFREADERS
Farhana Dar (Head), Hina Rehman, Amina Abbasi, Aisha Patel
HOUSE STYLE GUIDE
Maleeha Ahmad (Head), Sadia Shah
SOCIAL MEDIA
Tazeen Ahmad (Head), Mala Khan (Deputy), Nudrat
Ahmad, Hajra Ahmad, Mishall Rahman, Shumaila Ahmad
PRINT DESIGN AND LAYOUT
Ahsan Khan
INTERNATIONAL SUBSCRIPTION & DISTRIBUTION
Muhammad Hanif
ACCOUNTS & MARKETING
Musa Sattar
ART & CREATIVITY
Zubair Hayat, Mussawir Din
INDEXING,TAGGING & ARCHIVING
Mirza Krishan Ahmad (Head). Amtus Shakoor Tayyaba Ahmed
(Deputy). Humaira Omer, Humda Sohail, Shahid Malik, Ruhana
Hamood, Mubahil Shakir, Adila Bari, Hassan Raza Ahmad
MANAGEMENT BOARD
Munir-Ud-Din Shams (Chairman), Syed Amer Safir (Secretary), Mubarak Ahmad Zaffar, Abdul Baqi Arshad,
Ataul Mujeeb Rashed, Naseer Qamar, Abid Waheed Ahmad Khan, Aziz Ahmad Bilal
WORLD
CRISIS
M I R Z A M A S R O O R A H M A D
PEACE
andthePathwaytoThe world is passing through very turbulent times.The
global economic crisis continues to manifest newer and
graver dangers almost every week. The similarities to
the period just before the Second World War continue
to be cited and it seems clear that events are moving
the world at an unprecedented pace towards a horrific
Third World War.
In this book, His Holiness Mirza Masroor Ahmad,
the Head of the worldwide Ahmadiyya Muslim
Community warns the world of the fast approaching
dangers and how it can avert disaster and chart a
course to peace.
WORLD
CRISIS
PEACE
andthePathwayto
9 781848 808584
ISBN 184880858-5
9 781848 808577
ISBN 184880857-7
WORLDCRISISandthePathwaytoPEACEMIRZAMASROORAHMAD
Please Note.
Background colour:
C=10
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From His Holiness – Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmadaba
– comes a groundbreaking vision for how to estab-
lish long-lasting peace in a world fraught with rapidly
increasing disorder and unrest. His Holiness reminds
world leaders that the flames of war are already burn-
ing through local and regional conflicts and we stand
at the precipice of another world war. If these sparks
were to truly ignite we could witness the horrific
reality of a nuclear war, whose consequences are
unimaginable. His Holiness is the Worldwide Head
and Caliph of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community
– which has tens of millions of followers in over
200 countries.
World Crisis and the Pathway to Peace is a collection
of the historic addresses and letters by His Holiness to
world leaders and influential figures. In this book, His
Holiness offers consummate analysis on all aspects
of the global crisis; political, economic, social and
spiritual and provides the golden keys to resolving
the critical problems the world faces. In a world where
existing strategies for peace have failed and peo-
ple are desperately looking for a new direction, His
Holiness presents fresh and practical solutions, giving
hope that we can still prevent a global catastrophe.
(continued on back flap)
The world is passing through turbulent times.The global economic crisis
continues to manifest new and grave dangers at every juncture.The
similarities of the current circumstances to the build-up of the Second
WorldWar are stark. Events appear to be moving us rapidly towards a
ThirdWorldWar.The consequences of a nuclear war are beyond
our imagination.
In this book, the historic addresses of Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmadaba
, Fifth
Khalifah of the Promised Messiah and Supreme Head of the worldwide
Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, to prominent dignitaries at Capitol Hill, the
House of Commons, the European Parliament and other notable locations
around the world have been collated.The book also includes the momentous
letters sent by His Holiness to the numerous world leaders. Over and over
again, His Holiness has reminded all that the only means of averting a global
catastrophe is for nations to establish justice as an absolute requirement of
their dealings with others. Even if mutual enmity exists, impartiality must
be observed at all times, because history has taught us that this alone is
the way to eliminate all traces of hatred and to build everlasting peace.
Read online at: www.alislam.org
Purchase the book here:
http://store.alislam.org/

The
Promised Messiahas
& imam mahdi
( g u i d e d o n e )
founder of
Another form of worship is Hajj—the Pilgrimage; which does
not mean that a person should carry out the formality of the
Pilgrimage by providing for his journey across the ocean with
money lawfully or unlawfully acquired, and having repeated
the prayers and formulas according to the directions of the
servitors of the Ka‘bah, should come back and boast that he
has performed the Pilgrimage.The purpose that God Almighty
has appointed for the Pilgrimage is not achieved in this manner.
The truth is that the last stage of the seeker’s journey is that
withdrawing himself altogether from the demands and desires
of self he should be completely engulfed by the love of God and
complete devotion to Him.A true lover sacrifices his soul and
heart; and the circuit of the House of Allah is a visible sign of
such a sacrifice.As there is a House of Allah here below on the
earth, so there is one in heaven. Until a person performs the
circuit of the House above,his circuit of the House below is not
truly performed. One who performs the circuit of the House
below puts aside all garments, retaining only one of them to
cover his body, but he who performs the circuit of the House
above discards all garments altogether and becomes naked for
the sake of God.The circuit is a sign of the lovers of God.They
go round the Ka’bah as if they have no will of their own left
and they are devoted wholly to Him.1
endnotes
1. Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmadas
, The Essence of Islam, Vol.2, pp.317.
The Institution
of Hajj

equality of humans in the eyes of God.
In the state of Ihram, pilgrims are pro-
hibited from shaving or trimming their
hair, clipping their nails, wearing per-
fume, hunting and conjugal relations,
etc. Thus their journey begins with the
pure intention of gaining Allah’s pleasure.
The pilgrims must be in Ihram before
they proceed into an area called Haram,
the Islamic concept of a sacred sanctu-
ary that stretches beyond the borders
of Makkah. Everyone must be pro-
tected from harm within this area under
Islamic teachings; hunting and cutting
down trees here is also forbidden. The
concept behind Haram is to guarantee
a peaceful surrounding, so pilgrims can
enter Makkah in peace without any fear.
R
eligious expeditions have existed
since the dawn of mankind but
no pilgrimage comes close to the
scale and universality of Hajj. The fifth
pillar of Islam, Hajj is an obligatory pil-
grimage to Makkah, Saudi Arabia, that
every able-bodied Muslim with the
means must make at least once in his
life.Performed on set dates of the Islamic
calendar, it commences from the 8th of
Dhul-Hijjah,last month of the lunar cal-
endar,until the 12th or 13th of the same
month.With its intricate blend of deeply
symbolic rituals, Hajj is the ultimate
source of spiritual rebirth for Muslim
pilgrims.Millions of Muslims make this
significant journey from all corners of the
Earth to unite at the Ka’bah and shun
base desires in favour of a more spiritual
state of absolute love and gratitude for
Almighty Allah.
Ihram – a State of Sanctity
Before Hajj starts, pilgrims enter a spir-
itual state of purity called Ihram. They
recite a prayer to internally reinstate the
conviction that they intend to perform
Hajj only for the sake of Allah: “Here
am I, at your service, O God. All praise
belongs to Thee, all beneficence is from
Thee.Thine is the Kingdom; Thou Hast
no partner.”This prayer, called the talbi-
yah,is frequently recited throughout the
first leg of Hajj.
Pilgrims must also physically manifest
this mental state of purity by performing
ablution or taking a bath, and draping
their bodies in a garment consisting of
two white sheets, one each to cover the
upper and lower body. These shroud-
like unsewn sheets symbolise the death
of worldly desires whereas the univer-
sal dress code is meant to display the
Hajj—Pilgrimage to the
House of God
Malik Jamil R. Rafiq, Rabwah, Pakistan
Summarised by Hajra Ahmad, Oshkosh, USA
Male pilgrims drape themselves
in two unsewn white sheets,
symbolizing purity and equality.
Fadi El Binni | Al Jazeera English | Released under CC BY-SA 2.0
Pilgrims must also physically
manifest this mental state
of purity by performing
ablution or taking a bath,
and draping their bodies in
a garment consisting of two
white sheets, one each to cover
the upper and lower body.
These shroud-like unsewn
sheets symbolise the death of
worldly desires whereas the
universal dress code is meant
to display the equality of
humans in the eyes of God.
10 The Review of Religions | september 2016 september 2016 | The Review of Religions 11

Unity. They consider it a huge privilege
to kiss the stone to express their love for
the One True Creator, Allah.
At the beginning of each circuit of the
tawaf, pilgrims first face the stone and
recite, “In the name of Allah, Allah is
Great. All praise belongs to Allah,” and
with the Ka’bah to their left, they go
around the Ka’bah counterclockwise,
performing seven circuits of the build-
ing.The Ka’bah is kept on the left side of
pilgrims to symbolise the purpose behind
the building: to worship. In Islamic
teaching, when there are two worship-
pers praying in congregation, the Imam
or leader of the prayer is always to the
left.Thus they continue to recite the tal-
biyah and to glorify God and supplicate
to Him,asking His forgiveness.The pace
is faster in the first three circuits,resum-
ing to a normal speed in the last four.
There lies a deep significance behind the
choice of seven circuits. In the Arabic
language,the number seven means com-
pletion. According to the Holy Qur’an,
there are seven heavens in the entire
universe.1
The first chapter of the Holy
Qur’an is considered to be the complete
essence of the entire Islamic teaching
and it also contains seven verses. There
are seven days in a week. Additionally,
there are seven gates of hell. By com-
pleting each circuit with pure intentions,
pilgrims symbolically close the gates of
hell one by one and shun all forms of
evil.The seven gates of Hell may also be
seen as the seven senses through which
a person perceives worldly impressions:
vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch, pain
and temperature.
Maqam-e-Ibrahim and Sa’yi
Once the tawaf is completed, pilgrims
go to Maqam-e-Ibrahim, or the place
Abrahamas
, an area on the eastern part
of the Ka’bah where they perform two
units,or rak’at,of prayer and drink water
from the spring called Zamzam. Then
they run between the two hills of Safa
and Marwah, situated near the Ka’bah,
in a Hajj rite called Sa’yi. Centuries ago,
Hazrat Hajrara
, wife of Abrahamas
ran
between these two hills in desperation
to find water for her thirsty son Ishmaelas
,
which resulted in the sudden gush of
water from the newly appeared Zamzam
spring near the crying infant.Hence,pil-
grims reenact Hazrat Hajra’sra
frantic run
back and forth between the two spots
until the seventh round is completed at
Marwah. During this ritual, pilgrims
focus on glorifying Allah and supplicat-
ing to His Will.
Tawaf-e-Qudum –
Circumambulation of Arrival
Once in Makkah, pilgrims perform
a tawaf, or circumambulation of the
Ka’bah—a cuboid building located at
the heart of Masjid Al-Haram,the most
sacred mosque Muslims around the globe
face when performing their salat, or the
formal prayer. Pilgrims begin Tawaf-
e-Qudum from the location of the
Black Stone, an unshaped stone fixed
in the southeast corner of the Ka’bah.
Historically,the Ka’bah has existed since
the time of Abrahamas
who built it with
his son Ishmaelas
.The Black Stone is the
only remaining stone preserved from the
original Ka’bah building. In the times
of idol worship, unshaped stones were
considered symbols of the Oneness of
God because stones were usually carved
into idols. Muslims do not associate
any supernatural powers with the Black
Stone but take it as a symbol of God’s
The tawaf is seven circuits around the Ka’bah.
Here, pilgrims can be seen in front of the door
of the Ka’bah while performing the tawaf.
Omar Chatriwala | Al Jazeera English |
Released under CC BY-SA 2.0
Pilgrims begin Tawaf-e-
Qudum from the location
of the Black Stone, an
unshaped stone fixed in the
southeast corner of the Ka’bah.
Historically, the Ka’bah
has existed since the time of
Abrahamas who built it with
his son Ishmaelas.The Black
Stone is the only remaining
stone preserved from the
original Ka’bah building.
hajj—pilgrimage to the house of god

once combined his evening (Maghrib and
Isha) prayers, and spent the entire night
supplicating to Allah.Pilgrims also com-
bine both prayers at this spot and spend
their night meditating and praying.The
word Muzdalifah means “become near”
and at this juncture whoever prays more
fervently draws closer to God and strives
to achieve a sacred awareness of Him.
Third Day of Hajj
On 10th Dhul-Hijjah,pilgrims leave for
Mina after Fajr prayers.According to his-
torical narrations when Abrahamas
was
First Day of Hajj
On 8th Dhul-Hijjah, still in the state of
Ihram, pilgrims proceed to Mina, some
seven kilometers from the Ka’bah. They
perform all five prayers at Mina and
camp there overnight. Most of their
night is spent praying further and sup-
plicating to Allah.
Second Day of Hajj
On 9th Dhul-Hijjah after the Fajr, or
pre-dawn, prayers, pilgrims leave Mina
for Arafat, a place northeast of Makkah,
about 22 kilometers away. In Arafat,
there is a famous mound called Jabal-
e-Rehmat, where the Holy Prophetsa
delivered his very last sermon.Thus, the
Imam of Hajj delivers his sermon at the
same spot.This day is known as Yaum-ul-
Hajj,or the Pilgrimage Day and pilgrims
must reach this area on this day for their
Hajj to count. The word Arafat literally
means ‘awareness’ and pilgrims feel the
tremendous presence of God Almighty
there. They keep to themselves, seeking
forgiveness for their sins and supplicat-
ing to Allah.
After sundown, they leave for
Muzdalifah, a place that lies between
Mina and Arafat,taking a different route.
At Muzdalifah, there is a knoll called
Al-Mash’arul-Haram, meaning sacred
consciousness,where the Holy Prophetsa
A view of the tents pitched at Mina, where
those performing Hajj stay the night.
Fadi El Binni | Al Jazeera English | Released under CC BY-SA 2.0
Pilgrims leave Arafat for
Muzdalifah near sunset.
Omar Chatriwala | Al Jazeera English |
At Muzdalifah, there is a
knoll called Al-Mash’arul-
Haram, meaning sacred
consciousness, where the
Holy Prophetsa
once combined
his evening (Maghrib and
Isha) prayers, and spent the
entire night supplicating
to Allah. Pilgrims also
combine both prayers at this
spot and spend their night
meditating and praying.

take a shower and return to their normal
attire. At this juncture, the recitation of
the talbiyah comes to an end. Pilgrims
proceed to the Ka’bah the same day and
perform seven circuits called Tawaf-e-
Ziayart or circumambulation of visitation
just as they did in the Tawaf-e-Qudum.
They return to Mina and spend their time
seeking forgiveness of Allah.
Fourth Day of Hajj
On 11th Dhul-Hijjah, the pelting ritual
is performed again but this time pilgrims
target all three posts. The Jamarat are
pelted in a sequence.Pilgrims start from
the first post,then proceed to the central
one and finally reach the last post.
Fifth Day of Hajj
On 12th Dhul-Hijjah,pilgrims leave for
Makkah and perform Tawaf-e-Wada or
Tawaf-e-Ifadah,the farewell Tawaf of the
Ka’bah.This circumambulation marks the
completion of Hajj and the remaining
restrictions are lifted.Now pilgrims may
proceed to Madinah and leave for their
homes. However, they may stay in Mina
on the 13th Dhul-Hijjah to continue the
pelting ritual in the same manner and
then proceed to Makkah afterwards for
the farewell Tawaf.
About the Author: Malik Jamil R. Rafiq
currently serves as director of the Publications
department in Rabwah, Pakistan.
endnotes
1.The Holy Qur’an,Surah Al-Baqarah,Verse 30.
about to sacrifice his first-born Ishmaelas
,
Satan tempted him at Mina to abandon
his intentions but Abrahamas
remained
steadfast and rejected him.Satan tried to
tempt him twice more into not sacrific-
ing his child but failed miserably. These
three spots have been marked by pillars
on single road.The distance between the
first and last pillar is around 400 metres.
Pilgrims pelt these pillars,called Jamarat,
with the pebbles they have collected the
night before at Muzdalifah to mark the
defeat of Satan despite his attempts to
sway Abrahamas
. Pilgrims must pick at
least 49 pebbles and carry them to Mina
for this ceremony. However, on this day
they only throw seven stones at the big-
gest pillar out of the three called Jamrah
Aqabah.
Having three posts represents Satan’s
gradual increase in intensity to tempt
men to commit sin. If he fails to sway
them in a minor first attempt, he comes
back more forcefully and attacks with
much more rigour, to further test their
steadfastness. Thus, pelting the biggest
pillar depicts rejection of Satan’s highest
forms of temptation.
After pelting the big pillar, pilgrims
slaughter a sacrificial animal.This is fol-
lowed by trimming or shaving of heads
and all restrictions except the one on con-
jugal relations are lifted. Pilgrims then
An aerial view of pilgrims performing the
circuits of the final tawaf around the Ka’bah,
which marks the completion of Hajj.
© Fadi El Binni | Al Jazeera English |
Having three posts represents
Satan’s gradual increase in
intensity to tempt men to
commit sin. If he fails to
sway them in a minor first
attempt, he comes back more
forcefully and attacks with
much more rigour, to further
test their steadfastness.Thus,
pelting the biggest pillar
depicts rejection of Satan’s
highest forms of temptation.

THE MESSAGE OF ISLAM
Opposition continued to mount. At the
same time the Prophetsa
and his follow-
ers were doing all they could to make
plain to the Makkans the message of
Islam. It was a many-sided message and
of great ultimate significance, not only
for Arabs but for the whole world.It was
a Message from God. It said:
The Creator of the world is One. None
else is worthy of worship. The Prophets
have ever believed Him to be One, and
taught their followers so.Makkans should
give up all images and idols.Did they not
see that the idols could not even remove
the flies which dropped on the offerings
laid at their feet? If they were attacked
they could not repel. If they had a ques-
tion put to them, they could not answer.
If they were asked for help,they could do
nothing.But the One God helped those
who asked for His help, answered those
who addressed Him in prayer, subju-
gated His enemies,and raised those who
abased themselves before Him. When
light came from Him, it illumined His
devotees. Why then did the Makkans
neglect Him and turn to lifeless images
and idols and waste their lives? Did they
not see that their want of faith in the
One True God had made them utterly
superstitious and incompetent? They had
no idea of what was clean and what was
unclean, of right and wrong. They did
not honour their mothers. They treated
savagely their sisters and daughters, and
denied them their due.They did not treat
their wives well.They tormented widows,
exploited orphans,the poor and the weak,
and sought to build their prosperity on
the ruins of others.Of lying and cheating
they were not ashamed, nor of burgling
and loot. Gambling and drinking were
their delight. For culture and national
advance they did not care. How long
were they going to ignore the One True
God, and continue to lose and lose, and
suffer and suffer? Had they not better
reform? Had they not better give up
all forms of exploitation of one another,
restore rights to whom they were due,
spend their wealth on national needs and
on improving the lot of the poor and the
weak, treat orphans as a trust and regard
their protection as a duty, support wid-
ows and establish and encourage good
works in the whole community, culti-
vate not merely justice and equity, but
compassion and grace? Life in this world
should be productive of good. “Leave
good works behind”, the Message fur-
ther said, “that they may grow and bear
fruit after you are gone. There is virtue
in giving to others,not in receiving from
A Glimpse Into the Life of
The Holy Prophet Muhammadsa
them.Learn to surrender that you may be
nearer to your God. Practise self-denial
for the sake of your fellowmen, that you
may multiply your credit with God.True,
the Muslims are weak, but do not go
after their weakness,Truth will triumph.
This is the decree of Heaven. Through
the Prophetsa
a new measure and a new
criterion of good and evil, of right and
wrong,will be set up in the world.Justice
and mercy will reign. No constraint will
be allowed in the matter of religion, and
no interference. The cruelties to which
women and slaves have been subjected
will be obliterated.The Kingdom of God
will be instituted in place of the kingdom
of Satan.1
endnotes
1. Life of Muhammad, 18-19.

W
ith three different com-
ponents, the exhibition
provided a unique inter-
faith perspective and interactive
experience for guests.
The first component was an exquisite
collection of early copies of the Holy
Qur’an and other relics,organized by
The Review of Religion’s head of spe-
cial collections, Razwan Baig. Here,
too,the special collection was illumi-
nated from a talk given by Razwan
Baig himself, covering the changes
in Islamic calligraphy and the diverse
materials used to pen these works of
art.
The second component was an exten-
sive exhibit of the Turin Shroud,
including a rare life-size replica of
the Shroud brought by Pam Moon
and her team,Brenda Benton,Stuart
Benton, and Luigi Antoniaz. Hugh
Farey, editor of the British Society
for the Turin Shroud newsletter, was
also in attendance to speak about his
unique view of the Shroud, while
world-renowned Shroud expert
Barrie Schwortz returned to give
several well-attended talks on the
Shroud.
Finally,guests were able to participate
in a unique interactive experience:
the Al-Qalam project. Originated
by Razwan Baig and sponsored by
The Review of Religions, this ambi-
tious project asks each guest to pen
one verse of the Holy Qur’an in
Arabic. This will lead to a unique
document highlighting the diver-
sity of Muslims—men and women,
young and old, black and white and
brown—while also highlighting their
unity: belief in one book for guidance
and for comfort.
Join us on the following pages and
enjoy.
The Review of Religions
Exhibition:
An Interfaith Event
Arif Khan, London, UK
Unless otherwise stated, photos taken in this article
by Zubair Hayat of The Review of Religions team.
In August 2016, The Review of Religions held a unique
exhibit at the 50th
annual Jalsa Salana—or Annual
Convention—of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community in
the U.K., which had over 35,000 attendees.
september 2016 | The Review of Religions 21

A Unique Collection
The first highlight of the exhibition was
an exquisite collection of old and ancient
copies of the Holy Qur’an, highlighting
the many beautiful ways that this text
has been preserved,illuminated and illus-
trated over the centuries.
Over time, different calligraphers from
different parts of the globe developed a
variety of scripts in which to write the
Qur’an, honing their craft in an attempt
to make the appearance of the words
on the page as beautiful as the words
themselves.
In addition, many copies of the Qur’an
were distinctive in their use of gold leaf,
illustration, and use of rare materials for
the ink.These copies of the holy text were
truly works of art and took many months
to complete.
Amassing such a collection takes time,
patience,and perseverance.Razwan Baig
slowly developed this collection of copies
of the Holy Qur’an and other artifacts
over several decades, and he graciously
brought back these treasures for attend-
ees to see and admire.

© The Review of Religions
While this is a relatively newer copy
of the Qur’an, it has a very distinc-
tive feature in that it is made of
Indonesian daluang paper, which
was made from the bark of the saeh,
or mulberry, tree.

This manuscript showcases the care
and precious materials that were used
in embellishing copies of the Holy
Qur’an. This particular manuscript
uses gold and rubies to embellish and
decorate the pages.

Although copies of the Holy Qur’an were
indeed the highlight of the collection,
other artifacts included ceramics with
calligraphy on them. In this instance,
these bowls display the rare Kufic script.
These particular examples are said to be
from the 12th
century.

Thought to be from the state of
Bihar, in India, from around the
early 15th
century, this Qur’an
would have been produced for a
prince or other important person,
as the word “Allah”has been written
throughout in gold.

The exhibit naturally stirred
media interest. Here, Razwan
Baig speaks with reporters from
the BBC about his collection.

Razwan Baig discusses the collection
with Muslim Television Ahmadiyya
Africa.
34 The Review of Religions | september 2016

The Al-Qalam Project
This year also inaugurated the Al-Qalam Project. Founded by Razwan Baig,
this project brought an interactive aspect to the exhibit and drew crowds of its
own. Put simply, the Al-Qalam Project aims to produce a unique copy of the
Holy Qur’an: one in which each verse has been penned by a different writer,
thereby celebrating the fact that many diverse people can unify behind the
teachings of this one book.
Six separate stations were set up for people to sit down and write a verse each.
Each station was manned by graduates of Jamia Ahmadiyya—the missionary
training school—who are well-versed in Arabic, in order to ensure accuracy.
Hundreds of people lined up patiently to wait their turn to write a verse.Young
and old,men and women,from countries around the world,participated in this
unique opportunity. Indeed, the Al-Qalam Project brought people together in
showing their love for the Holy Qur’an.

Young children were encouraged to
participate and write their own verse.

Volunteers helped writers make
sure they were writing down the
correct verse and that there were
no mistakes in the Arabic.

An attendee pens the verse assigned
to him.

While some people pen their verses,
others sign the guestbook.Each writer
was asked to contribute information on
themselves and where they were from.
Once the Qur’an is completed, this
will provide another unique layer—a
comprehensive and fascinating profile
of the participants in this project.

What is the Shroud of Turin?
The Shroud of Turin is believed by many
to be the original burial cloth used to
wrap the body of Jesusas
after he was
taken down from the cross after the
Crucifixion. The cloth bears a remark-
able and unexplained image, as well as
blood markings consistent with what
would be expected from someone who
had been crucified.
The Shroud of Turin is perhaps the most
famous religious relic in the modern
world.The public viewings of the Shroud
are limited and heavily attended.The last
public exhibition of the Shroud was in
2015 where an estimated two million
visitors from around the world came to
Turin to view the Shroud.
A faint image is visible upon the Shroud,
and it is the formation of this image that
has puzzled scientific experts for decades,
leading to the Shroud becoming well-
known outside of religious circles. In
1978 the first, and to date only, detailed
scientific examination of the Shroud of
Turin was carried out by a group of 24
scientists. The group, known as Shroud
of Turin Research Project,Inc.(STURP),
spent two years planning the examina-
tion. They conducted their analysis over
five days and nights. Their primary goal
was to determine the scientific proper-
ties of the image on the Shroud and what
might have caused it.
To date, the exact image formation
mechanism remains unknown. No one
has been able to reproduce any sort of
shroud or cloth that is like the Shroud
of Turin, with the same physical and
chemical properties. To add further to
the debate and mystery of the cloth, a
carbon-dating test of one corner of the
cloth, suggested the cloth was not the
original that wrapped Jesus, but a 14th
century creation.
The visual nature of the Shroud, the
detailed depiction of the Crucifixion,
the unexplained image on the cloth,and
it’s supposed exposure as a 14th
century
fake through carbon dating all combine
to make the Shroud a fascinating cloth
that attracts huge attention.

Over the past two years the exhibition
has allowed visitors to the convention to
get up close to this replica and see for
themselves these details.Pam’s exhibition
brings the story of the Crucifixion to life,
showing what a 1st
Century Roman nail
looked like, as well as a replica Roman
flagram which would have been used to
whip victims prior to crucifying them.
The flagram was a whip-style weapon
with dumbbell shaped pieces of metal
at the end, and there is evidence on
the Shroud of this weapon being used
across the whole of the back of the body.
Visitors to the exhibition were able to
feel for themselves the weight of the
metal pieces of the flagram and get some
idea of the brutal punishment inflicted
on Crucifixion victims.
Pam Moon’s Shroud Exhibition with
Life-Size Replica
The Shroud exhibition, brought to the
convention for the past two years by Pam
Moon, details how the marks on the
Shroud of Turin align with the accounts
of the Crucifixion found in the New
Testament.
The replica was produced using original
photographs taken by Barrie Schwortz,
the official documenting photographer
of the STURP team which studied the
Shroud in 1978. The replica has been
produced to match the original Shroud’s
dimensions. The replica contains the
same visible details seen on the Shroud;
the marks from the ‘Crown of Thorns’,
evidence of whipping, a pool of blood
from a wound in the side, and blood
flows from the wrists down the arms.

A New Addition:The Burial
Tomb
A new addition in the 2016 Shroud
Exhibition at Jalsa Salana was the
inclusion of a life-size image of a
1st
century burial tomb.This photo-
graph enabled visitors to appreciate
the burial tomb was a large area
carved in stone, in to which people
could walk around, rather than a
grave,giving visitors a better under-
standing of the circumstances at the
time.

Developing New Relationships
This year Pam was able to bring three
team members with her: Luigi Antoniaz,
Brenda Benton and Stuart Benton. All
of Pam’s team spent countless hours on
their feet talking to visitors about the
Shroud.During the quieter times several
conversations took place between mem-
bers of the Review team and Pam’s team.
In particular, we had several interesting
conversations with Brenda & Stuart,
where they shared the story of how they
got involved with the Shroud as well as
contact details of other Shroud experts
whom I can follow up with.
Shroud Expert Barrie Schwortz
Returns to Jalsa
Barrie Schwortz is known as the lead-
ing world expert on the Shroud of Turin.
He was the documenting photographer
for STURP in 1978 and in 1997 built
Shroud.com, the largest online website
dedicated to the Shroud of Turin.Barrie’s
boundless energy and unique expertise
and insight into the Shroud of Turin has
added a special shine to the Shroud of
Turin exhibition at Jalsa Salana. Both
this year, and in 2015, Barrie has deliv-
ered presentations to packed audiences
detailing his first-hand experiences from
examining the Shroud and explaining
what we know about the Shroud from
the scientific evidence.
Indeed, Barrie’s knowledge
was invaluable to the exhi-
bition, as it was Barrie who
connected The Review of
Religions team with Pam
Moon and her exhibition. It
did not take long at all for the
relationship of the team with
Barrie to become a highly
collaborative one. We viewed
him as an expert and mentor,
yet he emphasised to us that
he was just one of the team.

Hugh Farey, Editor of British Society
for the Turin Shroud Newsletter,
Adds a Different Perspective
Another Shroud researcher who came to
the Jalsa, via an introduction by Barrie,
was Hugh Farey. Hugh is the edi-
tor of the BSTS Newsletter. One key
aspect about Hugh is that he, on bal-
ance, believes that the Shroud of Turin
is not the authentic burial Shroud of
Jesusas
, but a medieval forgery. Having
Hugh present at the exhibition gave an
added dimension, as he was able to dis-
cuss the problems with certain aspects
of the Shroud and the evidence for it
being a forgery. Having this range of
views within the group, and also some
healthy debate and difference of opinion,
meant we had more accurately recreated
the reality of the Shroud research world;
a world where varying opinions all hotly
contested.
One incident in particular helped show
Hugh’s passion for helping to explain the
Shroud of Turin to others.To allow him
to help demonstrate, especially to the
young, how a Shroud wrapped around a
body would lead to both the frontal and
dorsal sections he decided to employ a
prop. On the second day of the Jalsa he
went out early before the day began to
a local toy shop and purchased a small
child’s doll. With the doll, and a roll of
paper, he was then able to show all visi-
tors how the Shroud was said to have
wrapped the body.

Barrie Schwortz and Pam Moon converse with the
Right Honourable Earl Howe, UK Minister of State
for Defence and deputy leader of the House of Lords,
and one of many dignitaries to visit the exhibit.

“[The Ahmadiyya Community] would
invite a Jewish man,to discuss a Christian
relic,at a Muslim Organisation!’– Barrie
Schwortz – Jalsa Salana 2015
The coming together of members of
Judaism, Islam and Christianity in the
organisation and running of the Shroud
Exhibition was another key aspect of its
importance and significance to those
involved in planning the event. Barrie
Schwortz, the leading world expert on
the Shroud of Turin, highlighted this
coming together of members of different
faiths as one key reason he was so fully
supportive of the being part of the
Shroud exhibition at Jalsa Salana.
In a time when there is widespread con-
flict and turmoil in the world, often
linked to religious differences and intol-
erance, those involved in this exhibition
felt it signified an important unity
between those of different faiths.
His Excellency Edward Ssekandi, the Vice President
of Uganda, examined the Shroud replica in detail and
asked questions of the Shroud experts at the exhibit.

Hazrat Khalifatul Masih V graciously visited The Review of Religions’ exhibit and
took great interest in all of the different components of the exhibit. Here he is being
welcomed by Shroud expert Barrie Schwortz and collector Razwan Baig.

ours came together to bring us comfort.
This was preparation for the wonderful
experience we had when Zoe died.
It was 33 years later that we met Pam
Moon, the lady who owns the Turin
Shroud exhibition,through a truly amaz-
ing set of circumstances. Stuart had just
retired from work which meant we were
free to join Pam’s team and we have been
truly blessed in every venue we have vis-
ited since then.
When Pam was invited to join Barrie
Schwortz [Shroud expert and contrib-
utor who spoke at the exhibit] at last
year’s Jalsa Salana we were unable to
accompany her as we needed to attend
B
efore beginning to share my expe-
riences at the Jalsa Salana this
year I would like to tell you a lit-
tle of my journey with the Turin Shroud
over the past 38 years.
My husband Stuart and I were married
in a Christian church in 1968 and seven
years later our only child Zoe was born.
At the age of nine months Zoe became
ill with an inherited brain disease.When
she was 15 months old she lost her sight
and we were told that she only had a year
to live.She died just a few weeks after her
third birthday. At the point of her death
we had the wonderful experience of sens-
ing that the Presence Jesus was with us.
He wrapped us in a warm blanket of
love and gave us a peace which passes
all understanding. We felt His Presence
leave, taking her with Him, and knew
instinctively that we need never worry
about her again. She was safely in His
care.This led us to return to our Christian
upbringing and re-commit our lives to
the Lord.
A few weeks before her death our genet-
icist sent us to London and whilst we
were there a poster on the underground
caught our eye. It was advertising a film
called The Silent Witness by David Rolfe.
We felt compelled to see this film and
for us it was a life changing experience.
The film re-enacted the crucifixion and
it was as though the Lord’s suffering and
My First Visit to
Jalsa Salana
The four days that we spent
at the exhibition was a time
to receive new understanding
and a revelation of what
God is doing to build bridges
between Muslim, Jew and
Christian. For me it was a
life-changing experience
that helped me to see things
in a whole new way.
Brenda Benton, U.K.
During the 2016 UK Jalsa Salana (annual convention),
The Review of Religions exhibit included a unique feature:
a life-size replica of the Turin Shroud. Team member Brenda
Benton talks about how she got involved with the Shroud and her
impressions of Jalsa Salana.

Throughout the weekend we were treated
with such respect and all our needs were
met with such generosity.Amer and Arif
made sure that things ran very smoothly
for us all.
On Friday two ladies asked Pam and I if
we would like to have a tour of the ladies’
quarters. This was a very special experi-
ence and again we learned so much from
those we met. At the end of our tour we
were invited to join their prayer meet-
ing and it was wonderful to see so many
women kneeling in prayer.The beautiful
colours in the ladies outfits were a delight
to see and this is an image that I know
will remain with me always.
The volume of people and the depth of
their interest in the Shroud was a new
and encouraging experience for Stuart
and I. When Barrie spoke to the ladies
on Saturday evening the whole area
a family celebration that weekend. We
were thrilled when she was invited back
this year and willingly agreed to join her.
On Thursday we were met by Amer Safir
[chief editor] at an arranged venue and
he escorted us to the Jalsa Salana site.
It was good to have willing helpers to
assist in setting up the exhibition and a
lovely opportunity to get to know people
of the Ahmadiyya Community.This was
a totally new experience for Stuart and I
that took us on an incredible journey as
we learned more about their beliefs.The
four days that we spent at the exhibition
was a time to receive new understanding
and a revelation of what God is doing to
build bridges between Muslim, Jew and
Christian. For me it was a life-changing
experience that helped me to see things
in a whole new way.
As we drove to the marquee which had
been allocated to us, we saw flags from
every country represented at this year’s
Jalsa Salana site. It was an uplifting and
moving experience as they fluttered in
the warm summer breeze. To me they
were a powerful symbol of unity between
nations and religions, a unity that our
world is so desperately in need of.
I had been in touch with Barrie Schwortz
over a number of years by email but we
had never met so it was such a joy to
spend time with him and learn from his
vast knowledge about the Shroud. He is
also the first Jew that I have met and
all I learned over the weekend gave me
a much greater understanding of the
world around me. Arif Khan [deputy
Christianity editor] was Barrie’s helper
during his time at the conference,making
sure he was in the right place at the right
time.We had some wonderful conversa-
tions with Arif over the weekend about
the Shroud.This was an ideal opportunity
to share some of our Shroud experiences
which gave us all new insight. It also
reminded us of the way the Lord has
spoken to us through these experiences.
The Jalsa Salana was also the first time
we had been involved with an event that
caters for so many people.We found the
sheer volume of the logistics needed to
organise such a large event both amazing
and inspiring. The willingness of all the
volunteers and the unity with which they
work together is a credit to their faith.
The interest of the media was incredible
and the amount of publicity given to the
Shroud exhibition was exceptional. We
have never experienced anything like it.
On Friday two ladies asked
Pam and I if we would like
to have a tour of the ladies’
quarters.This was a very
special experience and again
we learned so much from those
we met. At the end of our
tour we were invited to join
their prayer meeting and it
was wonderful to see so many
women kneeling in prayer.
my first visit to jalsa salana

Salana with our Christian brothers and
sisters. Hopefully we can build bridges
of understanding and help to dispel the
fears that the media can cause by the way
things are reported.
We have experienced at first-hand how
you live out your motto—Love For All
And Hatred For None—and we need to
share this good news!
God willing we may be back again next
year, so until then we wish you every
blessing in the wonderful work that you
do.
About the Author: Brenda Benton has worked
in a worldwide interdenominational women’s
ministry, serving as a chapter president, and has
been a public speaker for over 20 years, which has
taken her as far as Canada and the US. After
taking a keen interest in the Shroud of Turin for
over 40 years, she and her husband Stuart joined
Pam Moon’s Shroud team five years ago.
was packed. A little while after Barrie
had finished his talk we sensed an air
of excitement buzzing in the marquee.
We then became aware of a sudden
silence and discovered that Hazrat
Khalifah tul Masih [His Holiness Mirza
Masroor Ahmad,worldwide head of the
Ahmadiyya Muslim community] had
come to visit the exhibition.As Pam and
Barrie escorted him around the exhibits
one of his aides came and asked Stuart
and I if we were part of Pam’s team and
we were invited to meet him too.This was
a most unexpected honour and another
part of the wonderful memories we
brought home with us.
Sunday was also a busy and very blessed
day.We met a young man named Shahid
Malik over the weekend who was
extremely kind and thoughtful towards
us.Just before 1pm he asked if we would
like to observe the Bai’at Ceremony that
was about to take place. He kindly let us
watch what was happening in the main
Marquee, on his mobile phone. This
really was the highlight of the weekend
and seeing so many people connected by
placing their hands on the shoulders of a
neighbour was a very moving experience.
We knew that the ladies were coming to
view the exhibition during the afternoon
and we were amazed at the numbers
that came. The marquee was full and
there were many ladies outside, waiting
to come in. Their interest astounded us
and we had yet more interesting conver-
sations with many of them.
Stuart and I were very privileged to be
invited to this special 50th anniversary
celebration. It was an experience we will
never forget.We now intend to share the
memories we have of our time at the Jalsa
Just before 1pm he asked
if we would like to observe
the Bai’at Ceremony that
was about to take place. He
kindly let us watch what
was happening in the main
Marquee, on his mobile phone.
This really was the highlight
of the weekend and seeing
so many people connected by
placing their hands on the
shoulders of a neighbour was
a very moving experience.
Your feedback is
important to us
Write to us with comments,
feedback and suggestions at
info@ReviewofReligions.org

The
Promised Messiahas
& imam mahdi
( g u i d e d o n e )
founder of
God is the light of the heavens and the earth. Every light that
is seen,be it high or low,whether it belongs to souls or pertains
to bodies,or be it substantive,whether hidden or evident,be it
subjective or objective, is a mere bounty of His Grace. This is
a sign which indicates that the bounties of Allah encompass
everything. He is the source of all Grace and is the ultimate
cause of every light,the Fountainhead of all mercies.His Being
is the support of the universe and is the refuge of all, high and
low. He it is Who brought everything out of the darkness of
nothingness and bestowed upon everything the mantle of being.
No being other than He exists by itself or is eternal. All other
beings are recipients of His grace. Earth and heaven, man and
beast, stones and trees, souls and bodies, all are sustained by
His Grace.1
endnotes
1. Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmadas
, Barahin-e-Ahmadiyya, footnote, in
Ruhani Khazain, Vol.1, pp. 191-192.
God Encompasses
Everything

Bitcoin: On Behalf of
The Future
14
Educating Our Children
24
The Difference Between
True Islam & Extremist
Groups
30
FGM’ – Not in The
Name of Religion
50
VOL. 110 - ISSUE 1JANUARY 2015 WWW.REVIEWOFRELIGIONS.ORG
ERADICATING
EXTREMISM
Why The Honeybee
is Dying and What It
Means for Life on Earth
16
Wonders Experienced
Through Fasting
26
The Islamic Dilemma
Should We Fear the
Religion of Peace?
30
Atheism or Belief -
Which is evidence
Based?
42
VOL. 110 - ISSUE SEVENJULY 2015 WWW.REVIEWOFRELIGIONS.ORG
The
ISLAMIC
DILEMMA
ShouldWeFearthe
ReligionofPeace?
God - His Transcedence
and Manifestation
12
Untold Stories
26
From the Archives:
My Visit to Qadian
38
Preaching Activities of
Jesusas
in the East
46
VOL. 110 - ISSUE TWOFEBRUARY 2015 WWW.REVIEWOFRELIGIONS.ORG
EYES CANNOT
REACH HIM...
The Sign of the Heavens
20
The Plague
58
A Murder in British
Lahore: Closing the Case
of Lekh Ram
80
World War One:
Centenary of Fulfliment
of a Grand Prophecy
102
VOL. 110 - ISSUE EIGHTAUGUST 2015 WWW.REVIEWOFRELIGIONS.ORG
EVIDENCE FORTHE
TRUTHYoubetheJudge...
S P E C I A L 1 6 4 P A G E E D I T I O N
A Message of Peace
10
Legal Right Verses
Moral Duty
38
Is it Permissable for
Prisoners of War
to be Executed?
56
The Life of the
Prophet Muhammadsa
68
VOL. 110 - ISSUE THREEMARCH 2015 WWW.REVIEWOFRELIGIONS.ORG
REACTIONto
CHARLIE
HEBDO...?
SERMON
onthe
MOUNT
The Economic System
of Islam
10
The Institution of Hajj
20
Mahmud’s Letter From
the Land of the Dearest
One [Muhammadsa
]
24
The Life & Character of
the Seal of Prophetssa
52
VOL. 110 - ISSUE NINESEPTEMBER 2015 WWW.REVIEWOFRELIGIONS.ORG
Fromthe
LETTERSof
MAHMUDRA
A HISTORIC JOURNEY TO THE HOUSE OF GOD
Firm Stance Against
Terror At Peace
Symposium
8
The Golden Principles
for World Peace
16
Three Minutes and
Counting
38
Has Science Rendered
Religion Obsolete?
66
VOL. 110 - ISSUE FOURAPRIL 2015 WWW.REVIEWOFRELIGIONS.ORG
RAY
OF
HOPE?
SERMON
onthe
MOUNT
Halloween –
Fear or Fun?
10
Shariah: A Semantic
Oxymoron?
28
Connecting to Khilafat:
A Guidance for Today’s
Muslim Youth
36
Islam’s Response to the
Destruction of Cultural
Heritage
56
VOL. 110 - ISSUE TENOCTOBER 2015 WWW.REVIEWOFRELIGIONS.ORG
A Guidance forToday’s MuslimYouth
Connecting to Khilafat:
Is the Shroud of Turin a
Medieval Photograph?
22
The Sudarium of Oviedo
and the Shroud of Turin
40
A Brief Review of Recent
CNN Documentary on
the Shroud
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The Oviedo Cloth by
Mark Guscin:
Book Review
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TheRESURRECTION
ShroudingTheTruth?
Mufti Muhammad
Sadiqra
– An Early Ray of
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18
World Peace & Security
- The Critical Issues of
Our Time
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Responsibilities of an
Ahmadi Muslim
50
The Economic System
of Islam
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Fasting
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Navigating Life in the
21st Century
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Visits to
Sacred Places
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VOL. 110 - ISSUE SIXJUNE 2015 WWW.REVIEWOFRELIGIONS.ORG
NAVIGATING
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Spirituality,
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Three Gradations of
Doing Good
14
Is Religion Truly the
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World Today?
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Apartheid of Ahmadis
in Pakistan
52
Women’s Responsibilities:
Fulfilling the
Conditions of Bai’at
78
VOL. 110 - ISSUE TWELVEDECEMBER 2015 WWW.REVIEWOFRELIGIONS.ORG
The
BLAME
GAMEIs religion truly
the cause of
disorder in
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today?
Is Religion Truly the Cause of Disorder in
the World Today?
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THE
PHILOSOPHY
OF THE
TEACHINGS
OF
ISLAM
MIRZA GHULAM AHMAD
THE PROMISED MESSIAH & MAHDIAS
serialised the famous treatise
The Philosophy of the Teachings
of Islam, by the founder of
the Ahmadiyya Muslim
Community. Initially written
for the Conference of Great
Religions on December 26-
29,1896, each speaker at the
conference was asked to present
to the audience the beauties
of their own religion based
upon its scripture, proving that
it was the true religion, based
on the following topics:
• The Physical, Moral,
and Spiritual States of Man;
• What is the State of
Man after Death?
• The Object of Man’s Life and
the Means of its Attainment;
• The Operation of the Practical
Ordinances of the Law in
This Life and the Next;
• Sources of Divine Knowledge
SERIALISED IN
Read online:
www.alislam.org/books/
Or purchase here:
store.alislam.org/englishbooks.html

Makhzan-e-Tasaweer is the official image library of the Ahmadiyya
Muslim Community, which is managed and maintained by the
centre itself. Reinstated in April 2006 by Hazrat Mirza Masroor
Ahmad Khalifatul Masih V, it is currently based in London.
The primary purpose of Makhzan-e-Tasaweer is to collate, archive and
preserve photographs related to the Community. For this purpose, an ongoing
project is being pursued in which photographs related to various categories
are being collected and collated.This includes photographs of the Promised
Messiah, the Khulafa, Companions, other prominent personalities of historic
importance and all events of historic nature.This project therefore preserves
a pictorial history of the Worldwide Ahmadiyya Muslim Community.
His Holiness, Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad Khalifatul Masih V, officially inaugurated
the Makhzan-e-Tasaweer website on 7th
February 2016.The website allows members
to view as well as purchase from the wide range of historic and latest images of the
Ahmadiyya Muslim Community and is available in six different languages. Also,
any photograph(s) which may be required to be included in publications (i.e. books,
periodicals etc.), calendars and souvenirs by any chapter, auxiliary organisation
or other departments of the Community can be ordered through the website.
Makhzan-e-Tasaweer
Tahir House
22 Deer Park Road
London
SW19 3TL
email: info@makhzan.org
website: www.makhzan.org
Anyone who is in possession of any
photograph(s) of historical significance
that may benefit this cause, is encouraged
to send these photographs along with the
relevant details (senders name, the date
and place the picture was taken, etc.) to:
Visit
www.makhzan.org

Responsibilities of Rich
Towards Poor
The wealthy people in our country should
realise their responsibilities before it is
too late and should hasten to discharge
the obligations they owe to poorer peo-
ple. As I look at it, the emergence of
Communism is a punishment against the
tyrannies perpetrated by the rich upon
the poor.
There is still time for improvement and to
atone for excesses of the past. If wealth-
ier people are unwilling to discharge
their duties towards their less fortunate
brethren, the hand of God Almighty
will snatch away their wealth through
this instrument [of Communism].
Repentance and appropriate action now
can save you from this terrible danger
and the awful storm gathering over your
heads will move away to leave you in
safety just as a tornado suddenly changes
its course. You can either voluntarily
part with a portion of your wealth for
the uplift of the poor, as called upon by
God; or you can face God’s displeasure
and continue to hold on to your wealth,
which a little while later will be taken
away by rebels and troublemakers.
And finally, while discussing the rise of
Communism and the problems of the
The Economic
System of Islam
by Hazrat Mirza Bashir-Ud-Din Mahmud Ahmadra
W
e continue with the seri-
alisation of the epic lecture
delivered by the Second
Worldwide Head of the Ahmadiyya
Muslim Community, Hazrat Mirza
Bashir-Ud-Din Mahmud Ahmadra
,
later published as a book titled The
Economic System of Islam. In
this fourteenth part of the series,
Communism’s false ideas of equality
are discussed.
To read the first thirteen parts,
visit our website:
www.reviewofreligions.org
*The photos used in this article were not used in the original
publication, but have been added to our serialisation by The Review
of Religions to help illustrate the subject matter. The Review of
Religions takes full responsibility for any errors in depiction.*
ra
Mirza Bashir-ud-Din Mahmud Ahmad
THEECONOMICSYSTEMofISLAMMirzaBashir-ud-DinMahmudAhmad
U
ra
The wealthy have specific responsibilities
towards those who are less fortunate
and if those are not taken care of
there will be consequences.
© Yulia Grigoryeva | Shutterstock.com

5. Persia, Ethiopia and Libya with
them; all of them with shield and
helmet;
6. Gomer, and all his bands; the house
of Togarmah of the north quarters,
and all his bands; and many people
with thee.
7. Be thou prepared, and prepare for
thyself, thou, and all thy company
that are assembled unto thee, and
be thou a guard unto them.
8. After many days thou shalt be vis-
ited: in the latter years thou shalt
come into the land that is brought
back from the sword, and is gath-
ered out of many people against the
mountains of Israel: which have been
always waste; but it is brought forth
out of the nations, and they shall
dwell safely all of them.
9. Thou shalt ascend and come like
a storm thou shalt be like a cloud
to cover the land, thou, and all thy
bands, and many people with thee.
10. Thus saith the Lord God; it shall also
come to pass that at the same time
shall things come,into thy mind,and
thou shalt think an evil thought:
11. And thou shalt say, I will go up to
the land of unwalled villages; I will
go to them that are at rest,that dwell
safely, all of them dwelling without
walls, and having neither bars nor
gates,
12. To take a spoil, and to take a prey;
Russian economy, I wish to draw atten-
tion to a striking prophecy in regard to
Russia made at the time when the world
knew little about that area.
Prophecies About Russia:
A Prophecy of More than Two
Thousand Years Ago
Russia, as we know, has only come into
prominence during the last three or four
hundred years. Before that it was a very
sparsely populated territory, whose peo-
ple were split into various tribes,holding
small strips of land. Even in areas that
bordered on the regions now known as
Russia, this endless expanse of territory
had no economic or political significance.
A thousand years ago, it was scarcely
known,sparsely populated,and attracted
little interest. Farther back in history,
2500 years ago, hardly anyone knew of
it.An isolated geographer here and there
might have had some vague notion of
its existence, but no more. At that time
Prophet Ezekiel made a striking proph-
ecy, which is preserved in the books of
the Old Testament.
Ezekiel Chapter 38
1. And the word of the Lord came unto
me, saying,
2. Son of man,set thy face against Gog,
the land of Magog, the chief prince
of Meshech and prophesy against
him,
3. And say, Thus saith the Lord God;
Behold, I am against thee, O Gog,
the chief prince of Meshech and
Tubal:
4. And I will turn thee back, and put
hooks into thy jaws, and I will bring
thee forth,and all thine army,horses
and horsemen, all of them clothed
with all sorts of armour,even a great
company with bucklers and shields,
all of them handling swords:
the economic system of islam
Only recently has Russia grown to
prominence with international business
and commerce. For decades, cities like
Moscow were not as economically and
socially powerful as they are today.
© User Upslim | Shutterstock.com
The ruins of the Persian Empire show the
destruction and chaos that was brought
to them. Whole civilisations were wiped
out as is described in this prophesy
from the book of Ezekiel in the Bible.
© Leonid Andronov | Shutterstock.com

of Israel, which prophesied in those
days many years that I would bring
thee against them?
18. And it shall come to pass at the same
time when Gog shall come against
the land of Israel, saith the Lord
God, that my fury shall come up in
my face.
19. For in my jealousy and in the fire of
my wrath have I spoken, Surely in
that day there shall be a great shak-
ing in the land of Israel;
20. So that the fishes of the sea, and the
fowls of the heaven, and the beasts
of the field, and all creeping things
that creep upon the earth,and all the
men that are upon the face of the
earth,shall shake at my presence,and
the mountains shall be thrown down,
and the steep places shall fall, and
every wall shall fall to the ground.
21. And I will call for a sword against
him throughout all my mountains,
saith the Lord God: every man’s
sword shall be against his brother.
22. And I will plead against him with
pestilence and with blood; and I will
rain upon him, and upon his bands,
and upon the many people that are
with him, an overflowing rain, and
great hailstones, fire, and brimstone.
23. Thus will I magnify myself,and sanc-
tify myself; and I will be known in
the eyes of many nations, and they
shall know that I am the Lord.
Ezekiel Chapter 39
1. Therefore,thou son of man,prophesy
against Gog, and say,Thus saith the
Lord God; Behold,I am against thee,
O Gog,the chief prince of Meshech
and Tubal:
2. And I will turn thee back, and leave
to turn thine hand upon the desolate
places that are now inhabited, and
upon the people that are gathered
out of the nations, which have got-
ten cattle and goods, that dwell in
the midst of the land.
13. Sheba, and Dedan, and the mer-
chants of Tarshish,with all the young
lions thereof,shall say unto thee,Art
thou come to take a spoil? Hast thou
gathered thy company to take a prey?
To carry away silver and gold,to take
away cattle and goods,to take a great
spoil?
14. Therefore,son of man,prophesy and
say unto Gog, Thus saith the Lord
God; In that day when my people
of Israel dwelleth safely, shalt thou
not know it?
15. And thou shalt come from thy place
out of the north parts, thou, and
many people with thee, all of them
riding upon horses,a great company,
and a mighty army.
16. And thou shalt come up against my
people of Israel, as a cloud to cover
the land; it shall be in the latter
days, and I will bring thee against
my land,that the heathen may know
me,when I shall be sanctified in thee,
O Gog, before their eyes.
17. Thus saith the Lord God; Art thou
he of whom I have spoken in old
time by my servants the prophets
The severity of the battle, bloodshed
and wars are described vividly
which was said centuries before the
events and history bears witness to
the truthfulness of these claims.
© Vertyr | Shutterstock.com
Russia has used oil to dominate the
world’s resources and put its name
on the map as a global heavyweight
which was prophesized as other
nations would be forced to submit
to the great power of Moscow.
© Julialine | Shutterstock.com
Therefore, thou son of man,
prophesy against Gog, and
say,Thus saith the Lord
God; Behold, I am against
thee, O Gog, the chief prince
of Meshech and Tubal:

there of graves in Israel, the valley
of the passengers on the east of the
sea: and it shall stop the noses of the
passengers: and there shall they bury
Gog and all his multitude: and they
shall call it The valley of Hamon-gog.
12. And seven months shall the house of
Israel be burying of them, that they
may cleanse the land.
13. Yea, all the people of the land shall
bury them; and it shall be to them a
renown the day that I shall be glori-
fied saith the Lord God.
14. And they shall sever out men of con-
tinual employment,passing through
the land to bury with the passengers
those that remain upon the face of
the earth, to cleanse it; after the end
of seven months shall they search.
15. And the passengers that pass through
the land, when any seeth a man’s
bone, then shall he set up a sign by
it,till the buriers have buried it in the
valley of Hamon-Gog.
16. And also the name of the city shall
be Hamonah.Thus shall they cleanse
the land.
17. And, thou son of man, thus saith
the Lord God; Speak unto every
feathered fowl,and to every beast of
the field, Assemble yourselves, and
come; gather yourselves on every side
to my sacrifice that I do sacrifice for
you, even a great sacrifice upon the
mountains of Israel that ye may eat
flesh, and drink blood.
18. Ye shall eat the flesh of the mighty,
and drink the blood of the princes of
the earth, of rams, of lambs, and of
goats,of bullocks,all of them fatlings
of Bashan.
19. And ye shall eat fat till ye be full,
and drink blood till ye be drunken,
but the sixth part of thee, and will
cause thee to come up from the
north parts,and will bring thee upon
the mountains of Israel.
3. And I will smite thy bow out of thy
left hand,and will cause thine arrows
to fall out of thy right hand,
4. Thou shalt fall upon the mountains
of Israel,thou,and all thy bands,and
the people that is with thee: I will
give thee unto the ravenous birds of
every sort, and to the beasts of the
field to be devoured.
5. Thou shalt fall upon the open field:
for I have spoken it, saith the Lord
God.
6. And I will send a fire on Magog,and
among them that dwell carelessly in
the isles: and they shall know that I
am the Lord.
7. So will I make my holy name known
in the midst of my people Israel; and
I will not let them pollute my holy
name any more and the heathen shall
know that I am the Lord, the Holy
One in Israel.
8. Behold, it is come, and it is done,
saith the Lord God; this is the day
whereof I have spoken.
9. And they that dwell in the cities of
Israel shall go forth, and shall set on
fire and burn the weapons, both the
shields and the bucklers, the bows
and the arrows, and the handstaves,
and the spears, and they shall burn
them with fire seven years:
10. So that they shall take no wood cut
out of the field,neither cut down any
out of the forests; for they shall burn
the weapons with fire: and they shall
spoil those that spoiled them, and
rob those that robbed them,saith the
Lord God.
11. And it shall come to pass in that
day,that I will give unto Gog a place
Russian troops invaded Iran in 1911 and
this was the beginning of their reign
where they would gain superiority due
to the natural resource of oil and its
ability to bring a nation to prosperity.
© Everett Historical | Shutterstock.com
God did not want the Communist system
to prosper, so it failed—as foretold in
Ezekiel several thousand years before.
© kkhrustov | Shutterstock.com

of holding sway over Jerusalem, lying
defenceless in the path of its victorious
hordes.Then God’s wrath would be kin-
dled and a rain of fire and sulphur would
descend upon it, and its jaws would be
broken by heavy piercing blows which
would bring such utter destruction that
its dead would lie in heaps in the valleys
and it would take months to cover them
up with earth.
To people who do not believe in proph-
esies,I would like to say that if there was
no God who gave His Apostles fore-
knowledge of mighty events, then who
was it that told Ezekiel two thousand
and five hundred years ago that Russia
would embark upon a program of world
conquest, aggression and aggrandise-
ment, so that God’s wrath would be
kindled against it and the punishment
from heaven would leave its power in
ruins.When we give due thought to this
prophecy and the extraordinary manner
in which it has come true in our own
days,we are forced to conclude that God
who conveys such tidings to His chosen
servants really does exist. And if God
does exist, and He gave to Ezekiel fore-
knowledge of these events, we must also
bear in mind that God Almighty does
not wish that the Communist system,
which forms the basis of Russia’s political
economy and social structure, should be
permanently established in the world;
and that its downfall is not very far away.
of my sacrifice which I have sacri-
ficed for you.
20. Thus ye shall be filled at my table
with horses and chariots, with
mighty men, and with all men of
war, saith the Lord God.
21. And I will set my glory among the
heathen,and all the heathen shall see
my judgement that I have executed,
and my hand that I have laid upon
them.
Made at a time when Russia was entirely
unknown to the outside world,and when
nobody could imagine that it would
attain such progress and domination,
this prophecy is remarkably clear.It tells
us that:
“Meshech and Tubal (Moscow and
Russia) will attain great power and
glory until, aware of their strength,
they would try to subjugate other coun-
tries and snatch away their wealth.” We
should note that according to the words
of this prophesy,Persia would one day be
reduced to submission by Moscow. (The
foundations for which are being laid in
the current Russian demand for oil con-
cessions from Iran.)
“Carry away silver and gold,to take away
cattle and goods, to take a great spoil.”
(This portion of the prophecy indicates
that Russian imperialism would be even
more dangerous for the other countries
than the earlier forms of imperialism.)
We are told that Russia would leap for-
ward in wave after wave of unchecked
conquests until it would begin to dream
To people who do not believe
in prophesies, I would like
to say that if there was no
God who gave His Apostles
fore-knowledge of mighty
events, then who was it that
told Ezekiel two thousand
and five hundred years ago
that Russia would embark
upon a program of world
conquest, aggression and
aggrandisement, so that
God’s wrath would be
kindled against it and the
punishment from heaven
would leave its power in ruins.
The official website of
the Ahmadiyya Muslim
Community worldwide.
You can find a huge collection
of free online material, including
translation and commentary
of the Holy Qur’an and you
can access literature of the
Community including the books
written by its founder, Hazrat
Mirza Ghulam Ahmadas
.
www.alislam.org

Note about references
Verse references to the Holy Qur’an
count ‘Bismillah…’ (In the Name
of Allah…) as the first verse of each
Chapter. In some non-standard texts,
this is not counted. Should the reader
refer to such texts, the verse quoted in
The Review of Religions will be found a
verse earlier, i.e. at one verse less than
the number quoted in this journal.
For the ease of non-Muslim readers, ‘sa
’
or ‘(saw)
’ after the words, ‘Holy Prophet’,
or the name ‘Muhammad’, are used
normally in small letters. They stand
for ‘Sallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam’ meaning
‘peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him’. Likewise, the letters ‘as
’ or ‘(as)
’
after the name of all other prophets
is an abbreviation meaning ‘peace
be upon him’ derived from ‘Alaihis
salatu wassalam’ which are words
that a Muslim utters out of respect
whenever he or she comes across
that name. The abbreviation ‘ra
’ or ‘(ra)
’
stands for ‘Raziallahu Ta’ala anhu and
is used for Companions of a Prophet,
meaning Allah be pleased with him
or her (when followed by the relevant
Arabic pronoun). Finally, ‘rh
’ or ‘(rh)
’ for
Rahemahullahu Ta’ala means the Mercy
of Allah the Exalted be upon him.
In keeping with current universal
practice, local transliterations
of names of places are preferred
to their anglicised versions, e.g.
Makkah instead of Mecca, etc.
5th
September 2016
Faith: Hinduism
Event: Ganesh Chaturthi
This festival is celebrated
in honour of Ganesh, (the
elephant headed God) the
God of new beginnings
and hope.The celebration
is initiated by selecting
clay depictions of Ganesh
around the home or even
at the work place.The
festivities include worship
and are concluded by
immersing the idols in
a body of water such
as a pond or a lake.
30th
August- 6th
September
2016
Faith: Jainism
Event: Paryushana Parava
Also known as “Das
Lakshan Parva”,
Paryushana Parava is one
of the most important
festivals in the Jain
calender.“Paryushana”
which means “coming
together”is a time of
contemplation and spiritual
reflection. Jains celebrate
by fasting and reading or
listening to the Kalpasutra,
the Jain holy book.
13th
September (Dates
vary based on location)
Faith: Islam
Event: Eid-ul-Adha
Eid-ul-Adha is one
of the most important
Islamic festivals and
commemorates Abraham’sas
willingness to sacrifice
his son Ishmaelas
to God
Almighty. Muslims
celebrate by offering an
animal as a sacrifice which
they distribute to the poor
and amongst their relatives.
Calendar of
Religious
Events &
Festivals
september 2016
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© Islamic Publications, 2016
ISSN No. 0034-6721
Terrorism was never
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