Abu Bakr faced opposition after becoming Caliph from tribes who refused to pay zakat and from false prophets who had emerged. Umar questioned Abu Bakr's plan to fight those refusing zakat due to a hadith about fighting non-believers. However, Abu Bakr argued that zakat was obligatory and he would not allow changes to the religion. He mobilized the Muslims and increased defenses in Medina. The apostates' initial attack on Medina failed, encouraging many to submit by paying zakat, while Abu Bakr sent out armies to subdue remaining opposition.

1. In the Name of Allâh, the Most
Beneficent, the Most Merciful
Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against the
Apostates
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 1

2. ABU BAKR AS-SIDDEEQ
A FINAL DECISION REGARDING
THE ARMY OF USAMAH
Q1. After the death of the Prophet (s) Usamah‟s
army returned to Madinah. Why did „Umar and
some of the other Companions suggest to Abu
Bakr (r) that he should call off the expedition
and keep the men of Usamah's army close by in
Al-Madeenah?
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 2

3. ABU BAKR AS-SIDDEEQ
A FINAL DECISION REGARDING
THE ARMY OF USAMAH
Q2. Abu Bakr decided to have 2 meetings with
the companions. After the companions gave
their opinions Abu Bakr gave a very decisive
speech. What was his final decision regarding
the army of Usamah?
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 3

4. ABU BAKR AS-SIDDEEQ
A FINAL DECISION REGARDING
THE ARMY OF USAMAH
Q3. Abu Bakr (ra) was following the command of
the Prophet (s) by insisting that Usamah‟s army
leave for the expedition. What was the
underlying reason for Abu Bakr going against
the majority opinion?
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 4

5. ABU BAKR AS-SIDDEEQ
A FINAL DECISION REGARDING
THE ARMY OF USAMAH
Q4. How did Abu Bakr (ra) react when 'Umar (r)
went to him and asked him, on behalf of certain
members of the Ansaar, to appoint someone
who was older than Usamah (r) to lead the
army?
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 5

6. ABU BAKR AS-SIDDEEQ
THE ETIQUETTES OF WAR
Q5. Name the ten matters (etiquettes of war)
which Abu Bakr (ra) mentioned in his speech to
Usamah‟s departing army
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 6

7. ABU BAKR AS-SIDDEEQ
THE POLITICAL RAMIFICATIONS
OF SENDING OUT USAMAH'S ARMY
Q6. What were the results of Abu Bakr (r)
sending out Usamah‟s army?
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 7

8. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War
Against the Apostates
Definition of Ar-Riddah(Apostasy)
to return or to turn back
to exit from the fold of Islam after first
having been a Muslim
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 8

9. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War
Against the Apostates
The Definition of Ar-Riddah(Apostasy)
‘It is to cut oneself off from Islam;
To discontinue Islam; This is a Muslim whose Islam is
discontinued or terminated by his intention.
So if a person has an intention of leaving Islam then he
has left it. Also words or an action can make a person
apostate, even if it is done out of mocking.
For example if somebody makes fun of RasoolAllah
(saw), they are just joking – that is Ridda, apostasy.
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 9

10. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War
Against the Apostates
Definition of Ar-Riddah (Apostasy)
So words, actions and also stubbornness and disbelief
are all things which can make one an apostate.
Also, if he considers halaal to be haraam or if he
considers haraam to be halaal then that is also Ridda or
apostasy. Debating over whether or not one will
apostatise is itself Apostasy. So, someone who is not
sure about it and starts debating it, has apostatised.
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 10

11. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War
Against the Apostates
Definition of Ar-Riddah (Apostasy)
A person becomes an apostate, based on these
definitions, when he rejects something that every Muslim
is required to know - such as prayer, Zakaat, the
Prophethood of Muhammad (s) and other Prophets, and
the duty to be loyal to other believers.
Also, one becomes an apostate when one says or does
something that clearly entails disbelief.
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 11

12. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War
Against the Apostates
Categories of Apostasy
Not Applying the Rulings of Allah:
And whoever does not judge by what Allah
has revealed - then it is those who are the
disbelievers. Suratul Ma’idah 5:44
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 12

13. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War
Against the Apostates
Categories of Apostasy
Not Applying the Rulings of Allah:
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 13

14. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War
Against the Apostates
Categories of Apostasy
Not Applying the Rulings of Allah:
O you who believe, if you obey those who
disbelieve, they will turn you back on your
heels, and you will [then] become losers.
(Qur' an 3: 149)
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 14

15. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War
Against the Apostates
Categories of Apostasy
Not Applying the Rulings of Allah:
And whoever is an ally to them (the
disbelievers) among you - then indeed, he is
[one] of them. Quran 5:51
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 15

16. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War
Against the Apostates
Categories of Apostasy
A man asked the Prophet (s), "When will the Hour be
established O Allah's Messenger (s)?"
The Prophet (s) asked, "What have you prepared for
it?" The man said, "I haven't prepared for it much of
prayers or fast or charity, but I love Allah and His
Prophet." The Prophet (s) said, "You will be with
those whom you love." [Bukhari]
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 16

17. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against the Apostates
Three Categories of Apostasy in
the Time of Abu Bakr (ra)
1. Members of the first category of Apostasy
returned to worship idols, as they did before Islam.
2. Those of the second category of Apostasy,
followed either Musailamah the Liar or Al-Aswad AI-
'Ansee - each of whom claimed to be a prophet.
3. The third category, continued to believe in Islam,
but they denied the compulsory nature of Zakaat and
falsely interpreted Zakaat as being something that
was specific to the lifetime of the Prophet (s). 17

18. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against the Apostates
Riddah (Apostasy) Started During
the Time of RasoolAllah (s).
 Apostasy first appeared in 9 H.
 By the year 10 H, Islam had spread far, but there
were many weak-hearted Muslims who embraced
Islam only due to fear.
 Prophethood was something previously unknown
to the Arabs. But once some people saw the
success of the mission of Prophet Muhammad
then they thought they should also claim to be
prophets. Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 18

19. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against the Apostates
Riddah (Apostasy) Started During
the Time of RasoolAllah (s).
But RasoolAllah (s) saw a dream before he passed
away.
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 19

20. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against the Apostates
Riddah (Apostasy) Started During
the Time of RasoolAllah (s).
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 20

21. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against the Apostates
Riddah (Apostasy) Started During
the Time of RasoolAllah (s).
RasoolAllah (saw) said: "O people, I have been
shown the 'Night of Al-Qadr (Power),' but I was then
made to forget it (so that I do not know exactly which
night it is). And I was shown two gold bracelets on
my arms; Disliking them, I blew on them, and they
flew away. I interpreted those bracelets to mean the
two liars: The one of Yemen (Al-Aswad Al-'Ansee),
and the one of Yamaamah (Musailamah)."
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 21

22. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against
the Apostates
Arab tribes sent delegates to negotiate with Abu
Bakr (ra), but they refused to pay him Zakaah
„Umar went to the Khaleefah and said:
'How can you fight against the Muslims (refusing to
pay Zakaah) in spite of what the Prophet (s) said:
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 22

23. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against
the Apostates
-
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 23

24. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against
the Apostates
„Umar Ibnul Khattaab said:
“How can you fight them when RasoolAllah
(s) said: 'I was commanded by Allah to fight
the people until they testify that there is no
God but Allah. If they do then they have
protected themselves and their wealth.”
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 24

25. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against
the Apostates
Abu Bakr said, 'In the name of Allah, I will fight
against anyone who differentiates between the
Salaah and Zakaat, for indeed, Zakaat is the
right of wealth. By Allah, were they to refuse
to give me even a small female goat, one that
they used to give to the Messenger of Allah
(s), I would fight them for having refused to
give it.' Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 25

26. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against
the Apostates
Abu Bakr (ra) said, “…Revelation has ceased
to descend, and the religion is complete.
Shall I allow it to decrease (i.e., to be changed
and modified) while I am alive?"
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 26

27. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against
the Apostates
Abu Bakr (ra) gathered the
Muslims and said:
“The land has sunk into disbelief. Their
delegation has seen that you are few, so you
would be unaware if approached by day or by
night. The nearest of them is only a stage
from you. The people were hoping that we
would accept them and be reconciled with
them. But we refused them and dissolved
their treaty, so be ready.”
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 27

28. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against
the Apostates
Abu Bakr's Plan to Defend
Al-Madeenah
1. He ordered the men to spend their nights in
the Masjid
2. He placed groups of guards at the various
mountain passes
3. Over each set of guards Abu Bakr (ra)
appointed battle-tested and brave leaders
4. He requested the help of neighbouring
tribes who were still Muslim
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 28

29. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against
the Apostates
The Apostates Fail to take
Al-Madeenah
Just before Fajr the Muslim army took the
apostates by surprise and attacked them from
all directions. This victory for the Muslims
marked the beginning of the Opening of
Madinah.
Many apostates were now terrified of the
Muslims, and so they decided to make peace
by sending Zakaat wealth to Madeenah.
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 29

30. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against
the Apostates
The Apostates Fail to take
Al-Madeenah
Abu Bakr (ra) said:
“I never felt fear in my heart after that day in
the cave with RasoolAllah (s). That day I was
afraid. I told RasoolAllah (s) that if one of
them (Quraish) would just look to his feet he
would see us. RasoolAllah (s) told me:
“What do you think of two and Allah is the
third?” Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 30

31. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq
Abu Bakr's War Against
the Apostates
Abu Bakr used many methods to
fight the apostates
He sent out 11 armies to fight in different
areas;
and he worked at strengthening the faith of
the Muslims living amongst the apostate
tribes
Al Quran wa Sunnah Online Islamic University 31