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Nuri Demirağ's Journey from Public Servant to Industrialist
- 1. I
- 2. I His Offices Life Official in Ziraat Bank, Famine, Taxman, Revenue Manager, Tax Inspector.
- 3. I The public servant Nuri DEMIRAG began to work as a businessman after the end of World War I, 252 liras to 84.000 liras in 3 years. His Business Life Türk Zaferi
- 4. I His Business Life DEMİRAĞ brothers constructed 1012 km railway network. Samsun-Erzurum, Sivas-Erzurum, Afyon-Dinar. DEMİRAĞ Surname.
- 5. I His Business Life Karabük ıron and steel plant, İzmit cellulose, Sivas cement factory, Bursa merinos, Eceabat airport, İstanbul marketplace.
- 6. I His Flight School and Factory Aircraft factory in Beşiktaş, Elmaspaşa Farm, Nu.D. Gök Okulu. (290 Pilots)
- 7. I Engine starting advantage, acording to Mehmet KUM, 24 training aircraft and 65 gliders. His Aircraft. NU.D-36
- 8. I His Aircraft. NU.D-38 2 engines, 6 Passengers, A class Aircraft in the world, 3-year transportation, Passenger or bomber aircraft, Spain, Iran, Irak
- 10. I His Unfinished Projects Village improvement plan, University of technical and morality Project, For Turkish military industry ; 35.000 big and small aircraft, 12.000 tanks, 68.000 military trucks, 150.000 pilots, 200.000 engineers and technicians. Those numbers shows his aim was so great for our country.
- 11. I Who is Nuri Demirağ? His offices and business life, His aircraft. Unfinished projects.
Editor's Notes
- He was born in Sivas divriği in 1886. After 3 years from his birth, his father died. He was an early Turkish industrialist. He was one of the first millionaire of the Turkish Republic. And he made a lot of important sevices for our country.
- **** When he was 17 years old, he won the exam of ziraat bank and started to work as an offical. He took the responsibility of his family. **** In those years great famine began in the country. People were misrable and desperate. However there were sufficient amout of cereals in the silos. Nobody took the reposibility to supply the public but he did. And, he sold the cereals to the public with a affordable prices. His manager who caused the famine blamed him and started an investigation about him. But he was found innocent and he was awarded. He never stopped and he continued on his way. **** He won the exam of ministry of finance and he was assigned to İstanbul. And he started working as a taxman. **** After a while he was assigned to Hasköy as a revenue manager, in this period he completed his advance studies for finance department. And, he became a tax inspector. **** In those years our country was occupied by the foreign forces and cruelty began all over the country. **** When he was inspecting the kurtuluş department of revenue, a foreign soldier insulted and himuliated him and he resigned from his career.
- ****** He didn’t stop and he entered the business of cigarette paper and he produced first turkish cigarette paper. It was called TÜRK ZAFERİ. It was very important at that time. Because every business lines were controlled by the foreign company. ***** He raised his 252 liras to 84000 liras in three years. And he built a substantial starting capital for other investments.
- He was thinking that something must be done against to foreign occupation and he got the position in Müdafai hukuk cemiyeti. After a lot of struggles foreign forces dismissed from the country. And the investments began to raise all over the country. In 1926, French companies gave up the contruction of the Samsun-Sivas railway. And goverment decided that contruction must be done by turkish builder. Nuri DEMİRAĞ and his brother toke the responsibility and they constructed 1012 km railway of our country just in a year. Samsun-Erzurum, Sivas-Erzurum, Afyon-Dinar railways were made by DEMİRAĞ brothers. He obtained his actual wealth with the development of the Turkish railway network. The President of the Turkish Republic, Mustafa Kemal ATATÜRK, gave him the surname DEMIRAG.
- He also started various big construction projects. Such as Karabük ıron and steel plant, İzmit cellulose, Sivas cement factory, Bursa merinos, Eceabat airport, İstanbul marketplace. In those years the cement used to sell for 33 turkish liras. And he promised to sell the cement just for 13 liras. And he wanted to build a cement factory but at the time he couldn’t take the consent from goverment. He accomplished to build Karabük ıron and cement factory 8 years later.
- In those years airplanes were bought from foreign country. He decided to enter aircraft production. He made a lot of research with specialist in both Europe and USA in 4 years. After a lot of researches, firstly, he planed to establish the factory in Divriği. But, he established an aircraft factory in Beşiktaş, Istanbul in 1936 He bought Elmaspaşa farm in Yeşilköy to make test flights. And he established a very big flight area, aircraft hangars and aircraft workshop on the farm . The flight area was great big as well as resent Amsterdam airport which is the biggest airport of Europe. Nowadays this area is used as a national airport, It is Atatürk airport. He wanted to establish a flying school to educate the pilots. And he founded the flying scholl which was called Gök okulu in the flight area. The flying school educated 290 pilots until 1943. Before GÖK school he established Gök middle school in his homeland (divriği). In those years there was not any middle school in towns of Sivas. He also send a lot of students to abroad to study engineering and produced first turkish parachute.
- He produced Nu.D-36 training Aircraft. Acording to Mehmet Kum who flew this aircraft 600 hours . He was also an aircraft engineer, Nu.D-36 had a engine with a advantage. It’s engine could be started with a pomp. It didn’t need any help or any person to start. At that time few aircraft had this property. The Turkish Aeronautical Association (THK) ordered 24 Nu.D-36 training aircraft and 65 Sch-5 gliders in the years 1937-1938. When the test pilot Selahattin Resit ALAN had a deadly landing accident with the ND-36 at Eskisehir, the THK cancelled all its orders. The accident didn’t related to the airplain, it was just a Pilot error. But The Turkish Aeronautical Association (THK) didn’t buy airplains.
- He didn’t stop. He produced the first turkish passanger aircraft Nu.D-38. It had two engines and ıt could carry 6 passengers. Nu. D-38 entered the A class aircraft in the world. And it took a lot of interest all over the world. He flew with this airplain from İstanbul to Ankara, İzmir, Atina and Selanik. Nu.D-38 achieved a certificate and this aircraft transported passenger between İstanbul and Ankara for a while. Nu.D-38 also had a chance to be a bomber plain. It could be modified if they need. Spain, Iran, Irak ordered passenger plain Nu.D-38 but the government passed a law to ban the airplane sales to foreign country. Finally he had to close his aircraft factory. All remaining aircraft were scrapped.
- In 1931 he started to Project of a bridge over the İstanbul strait. He brought specialists and he made them a lot of researches. After all preparation were done he submited his Project to the ATATÜRK. Mustafa Kemal ATATÜRK realy liked the Project but the goverments didn’t let him to go on. The Project was done 41 years later. In those years the country didn’t have plenty energy sources and He wanted to build Keban Dam but the goverment didn’t let him again. it also could be done after 33 years later.
- Nuri Demirağ wrote a letter to Mustafa Kemal ATATÜRK, the president of the turkish republic in 1940. According to his letter he aimed to provide 35.000 big and small aircraft, 12.000 tank, 68.000 military truck and 150.000 pilot, 200.000 engineers and technician for his country. Those number show his aim was so great for our country. He finally entered the policy. In 1954 he was elected from the demokrat party, after 3 years he died in 1957. If he continued production of aircraft, his factory could race against to Boeing, Airbus gibi firms. It was showen by quality of his aircraft.