2. What is
Latin
America?
Rio Grande River to South America and some
countries in the Caribbean
Parts of the Americas where Portuguese and
Spanish are the main languages
Varying geographic features
Unique demographic of people
Many ethnicities and races
All types of political ideologies
Ranging economic conditions
4. Exports:
Then & Now
The main exports have changed over the years.
Peru
Then: guano, rubber, sugar, cotton, and wool
Now: gold, copper, zinc, textiles, and fishmeal
Ecuador & Venezuela
Then: cacao
Now: petroleum
• Mexico
• Then: minerals
• Now: manufactured goods
• Chile
• Then: wheat and nitrates
• Now: mining
9. Coffee
Decrease in exports and GDP
61 percent
Second most valuable commodity
Brazil
Decline because of industry
Less than 1/10 of GDP
Overabundance causes a decrease in exports and export prices
Dwindling importance
10. Coffee
Exported
from Latin
American
Countries
Mexico
One of the first to cultivate
Exports not significant
Low quality
Nicaragua
Major export
Low quality
Specialty coffee
Costa Rica
First to export
High quality
Small export quantities and
GDP
Guatemala
Dependent
Colombia
FEDCAFE
Global impact
Peru
Main export but small GDP
UNDOC
Brazil
Largest grower
signs of growth
17. Categories of
Manufactured
Goods Exports
High level: 70% or more
Mexico and Brazil
Medium level: 40%-70%
Costa Rica, Argentina, Uruguay, Bolivia, Chile,
Peru, and Colombia
Low level: 40% or less
Venezuela, Paraguay, and Ecuador
18. Mexico
Leading exporter
Vehicles
Machinery
Medical instruments
Cost effective due to cheap labor
Decent wages
20. Tourism
as a Latin
American
Export
Main export in Costa Rica
Large activity in other countries
50% of exports
More stable than other types of exports
22. Exports to
the United
States
From Mexico:
$198 billion in manufactured goods
$21 billion in agriculture
Avocados
Minerals
Aluminum
Gold
Fossil fuels and mining
23. Exports to
China
High demand for primary goods
Market for raw materials
Oil and copper
Metal exports
$89 billion fuels and mining
24. Bibliography
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Morgan, Daniela Estrella. “Trade Developments in Latin America and
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Palacios, Jose-Luis, et. al. “Exergoecology Assessment of Mineral
Exports from Latin America: Beyond a Tonnage Perspective.”
Sustainability. 10.3 (2018): 1-18.
Skidmore, Thomas E.; Smith, Peter H.; Green, James N. Modern Latin
America. 8th ed. New York: Oxford, 2014. Print.
Stevenson, Mark. “Mexico Exports No Longer Just Avocados, Tequila.”
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Topik, Steven; Talbot, John M.; Samper, Mario. “Introduction
Globalization, Neoliberalism, and the Latin American Coffee
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20.
Torres, Danilo; Gilles, Enrique. “Estructura Tecnológica de las
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Vidal, Gregorio. “Latin America: Limits to Alternative Economic
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