1. SITI ROHAIDAH BINTI YAHAYA
MK 111074
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MSc)
[SAFETY, HEALTH AND
ENVIRONEMNT]
SUPERVISOR: DR. MIMI HARYANI
HASSIM
ASSESSING THE AWARENESS LEVEL
OF RADIATION SAFETY AMONG
MEDICAL RADIATION WORKERS

2. OUTLINE
i. Background of:
 Radiation safety concept
 Radiation safety awareness assessment
ii. Problem statement
iii. Objective
iv. Scopes and limitations
v. Assumption
vi. Methodology
vii. Planning
viii.Expected result

3. BACKGROUND OF STUDY
RADIATION EXPOSURE
Sources of radiation – natural and man-made
radiation.
 Issue in occupational health and diseases.
Biggest contribution of radiation exposure
come from medical diagnostic.
Radiation Protection Program in workplace.

4. BACKGROUND OF STUDY
RADIATION SAFETY
 To keep the radiation dose at minimum level
while obtaining the highest image quality for
accurate medical diagnosis.
Justification of radiation in clinical settings.

5. PROBLEM STATEMENT
 WHO – 3600 million of X-ray examination are
performed annually in worldwide.
 Classified as carcinogenic by WHO – radiation
exposure have potential risk of cancer.
 Medical radiation workers have high potential
risk of cancer and genetic effects caused by
scattered radiation exposure

6. PROBLEM STATEMENT
Previous literature study (Saeed, 2007) – workers
involve in ionizing radiation are not aware of
radiation safety procedures.
 Klein (2009) and Marx (1992) – revealed that
medical radiation workers do not always wear
their film badges while on duty.
 Lacking level of awareness and knowledge about
dangerous effects of ionizing radiation

7. OBJECTIVES
• To determine the awareness level of
employees worked with ionizing
MAIN radiation in the hospitals.
OBJECTIVES • To assess the knowledge about
radiation hazard among employees.
• To provide evidence of correlation
BROAD AIM between level of awareness and
knowledge on radiation hazards.

8. SCOPES AND LIMITATIONS
SCOPES LIMITATIONS
Conducted at Radiology Department
or so-called Diagnostic Imaging Qualitative research design
Department but not including cannot be extended to a wider
Radiotherapy Department population with the same
degree of certainty
Will be conducted at Hospital Sultan
Ismail and Senawang Medical Center Findings obtained from
qualitative study cannot be
generalized to other population
The study will be concentrated or other case settings.
awareness level of radiation safety,
knowledge of radiation hazards and
attitude towards radiation protection
programme among employees
Cover the factors that might increase
the awareness level such as training

9. ASSUMPTION
Awareness • Training provided by
level of employer
radiation
safety is high
Factors that • May associated with basic
may influence knowledge they have on
radiation hazard through
the training, education
awareness background and job
level position.

10. METHODOLOGY

11. STAGE 1 STAGE 2
STAGE 3
PROJECT CONCEPTUAL PRELIMINARY OF
– deeper understanding LITERATURE REVIEW –
LITERATURE STUDY –
on the concept to fully understand the
through books, journals
problem and concept
and articles
STAGE 5
STAGE 6 STAGE 4
SAMPLING POPULATION
DESIGN SAMPLING LOCATION –
– radiation workers
QUESTIONNAIRE – self- Hospital Sultan Ismail and
involve in medical
administered Senawang Medical Center
diagnostic
STAGE 8
STAGE 7
DESIGN CODING FOR
PILOT TEST
DATA ANALYSIS

12. PLANNING

13. EXPECTED RESULT AND SUMMARY
 Receive a good response from the participants
because result from this study can be used to
evaluate the awareness level of radiation safety
among employees.
Weak points of the current working procedures
can be identified and improvement steps can be
taken accordingly to comply with regulation of
Energy Licensing Act 1984.

14. The future generation of experts in
occupational health and disease will
promote the awareness on radiation safety
in academic institutional or other
professional fields such as radiologist, and
the findings from this study can be used as
a reference in their study.