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[유쉘] 5.가중치 초기화
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활성화 함수로 정확도를 높였지만 조금 더 높이기 위한 방법으로 가중치 초기화가 있습니다. 가중치 초기화에 대한 기본적인 아이디어를 제공해 줍니다.
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[유쉘] 5.가중치 초기화
1.
가중치 초기화
2.
유쉘 산업시스템 공학과를 졸업하고 딥러닝에
대해 공부하고 있습니다 yushell0417@gmail.com
3.
3 활성화 함수에 변화로
인해 언더피팅이 개선됩니다.
4.
4 하지만 조금 더
정확도를 높이고 싶을 때 생각해 봐야 할 것이 있습니다.
5.
5 바로 활성화 함수를
통과하는 가중치 입니다.
6.
6 0 10 5 이해를 돕기 위해
ReLU 함수를 가져왔습니다.
7.
7 0 10 5 만약 가중치 값의
분포가
8.
8 0 10 5 0보다 큰 값에서
위치하거나
9.
9 0 10 5 0보다 작은 값에서
위치하게 되면 학습이 잘 이뤄질까요?
10.
10 학습이 잘 이뤄지지
않기 때문에 활성화 함수를 통과하기 전에 가중치를 초기화 하는 것은 매우 중요합니다. 정확도를 높일 수 있기 때문이죠!!
11.
11 가중치 초기화 하는
첫번 째 방법은 0과 1사이의 값으로 위치하도록 만들기 위해 정규분포를 사용하자는 방법이였습니다.
12.
12 정규분포는 표준편차에 따라
모양이 달라집니다. 표준편차: 0.01 표준편차: 0.001 표준편차: 0.1
13.
13 그렇다면.. 깊은 신경망에서는?? 두가지의
문제가 발생합니다!!
14.
14 표준편차가 너무 작게
되면 데이터 학습 시 기울기가 사라져 버리는 현상이 발생하게 되고
15.
15 표준편차가 너무 크면
데이터 학습 시 기울기가너무 커지게 되어 최적의 가중치를 찾지 못하는 즉, 발산하게 되는 현상이 생기게 됩니다.
16.
16 이러한 현상을 개선하기
위해 나온 방법이 Xavier 초기화 방법입니다. 기울기가 사라져버리는.. 기울기가 너무 커져버리는..
17.
17 신경망의 층이 깊어지면서
생기는 두가지 현상을 개선하고자 깊어지는 만큼의 수(input 값)로 나눠 주자는 방법입니다. x1 x2 1 2 3 총 3층이네?? 표준정규화 / 3 !!
18.
18 하지만 Xavier 는
ReLU 함수에서는 잘 적용이 되지 않았습니다.
19.
19 그래서 ReLU 함수에
잘 적용하는 He 방법이 나오게 되었습니다.
20.
20 정확도를 조금 더
높이기 위해 활성화 함수를 통과하기 전 가중치 초기화에 대하여 살펴보았습니다.
21.
감사합니다
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