Water pollution is the addition of any substance or change in water quality that harms living organisms or makes water unsuitable for use. The two main sources are point sources like factories and non-point sources like contaminated runoff. Common causes are sewage, industrial waste, oil pollution, and underground storage leaks. Water pollution kills aquatic life, disrupts food chains, spreads diseases, and destroys ecosystems.

1. WATER POLLUTION
By
Jamshaid khan
Class no. Ec 13 - 01

2.  The addition of any substance to the
water that has a negative effect on water
or the living things that depend on water
OR
 Any chemical, biological, or physical
change in water quality that has a harmful
effect on living organisms or makes water
unsuitable for desired usage.

3. Sources of Water Pollution
 There are various classifications of
water pollution. The two chief sources of
water pollution are as
 Point source
 Non Point source

4.  Point source refer to the pollutants that
belong to a single source. An example of
this would be direct emissions from
factories into the water.
 Non point source refer pollutants emitted
from multiple sources
 For example contaminated water after
rains that has traveled through several
regions

5. Causes of water pollution
 Sewage and waste water
 Industrial waste
 Oil pollution
 Underground storage leakages

6. Sewage and Wastewater
 Domestics house holds, industrial and
agriculture practices produce sewage
that can cause pollution of many lakes
and rivers
 Sewage is the term used for waste that
consist of human waste, garbage etc
 In developing countries sewage disposal
is a big problem as there are no access
to sanitary condition and clean water

7. Cont...
 Sewage waste are disposal in fresh
water of sea , lake etc
 While in developed countries sewage is
carried away from the home quickly and
hygienically through sewage pipes.

8. Industrial waste and water
pollution
 Industry is a huge source of water pollution, it
produces pollutants that are extremely harmful
to people and the environment.
 Many industries use freshwater to carry away
waste from the plant and into rivers, lakes and
oceans
 Industries produce pollutants to water such as
 Sulphur – This is a non-metallic substance that
is harmful for marine life
 Petrochemicals – This is formed from gas or
petrol and can be toxic to marine life. Etc

9. Oil pollution
 Oceans are polluted by oil on a daily
basis from oil spills, routine
shipping, run-offs and dumping
 Oil cannot dissolve in water and forms a
thick sludge in the water. This suffocates
fish, gets caught in the feathers of
marine birds stopping them from flying
and blocks light from photosynthetic
aquatic plants.

10. Underground storage
leakages
 A tank or piping network that has at least
10 percent of its volume underground is
known as an underground storage tank
(UST)
 Many UST’s are made from steel pipes
that are directly exposed to the
environment. Over time the steel
corrodes and causes leakages, affecting
surrounding soil and groundwater.

11. Effect of water pollution
 As we see in pervious slides that water
pollution is very harmful to humans,
animals and water life
 The effects of water pollution are varied
and depend on what chemicals are
dumped and in which locations.
 In urban areas(town and cites) most of
water resources are highly polluted due to
garbage dumped by individuals and
dangerous chemicals legally or illegally
dumped by manufacturing industries,

12. Death of aquatic (water)
animals
 The main problem caused by water
pollution is that it kills life that depends
on these water bodies. Dead fish, crabs,
birds and sea gulls, dolphins, and many
other animals often wind up on beaches,
killed by pollutants in their habitat (living
environment)

13. Disruption of food-chains
 Pollution disrupts the natural food chain
as well. Pollutants such as lead and zinc
are eaten by tiny animals. Later, these
animals are consumed by fish and
shellfish, and the food chain continues
to be disrupted at all higher levels.

14. Diseases
 Eventually, humans are affected by this
process as well. People can get
diseases such as hepatitis by eating
seafood that has been poisoned. In
many poor nations, there is always
outbreak of Diarrhea and other diseases
as a result of poor drinking water
treatment from contaminated waters.

15. Destruction of
ecosystems
 Ecosystems (the interaction of living
things in a place, depending on each
other for life) can be severely changed
or destroyed by water pollution. Many
areas are now being affected by
careless human pollution, and this
pollution is coming back to hurt humans
in many ways.

16. Questions & Suggestions