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Drugs related to Anterior Pituitary hormones and their therapeutic uses
1. Drugs related to Ant Pituitary
hormones
Dr KG Bandekar
MD Pharmacology
2. Hormone
• Substances of intense biological activity
produced by specific cells (Endocrine glands)
and act away from their site of production
through circulation
3. Role of hypothalamus
• Secretion of pituitary hormones is controlled
by the hypothalamus through releasing and
release inhibitory hormones
5. Ant Pituitary Hormones
Sr no Hormones Controlling Hormones
1 Growth Hormone (GH) i) GH releasing Hormone (GHRH)
ii) GH release inhibiting hormone
(Somatostatin)
2 Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Corticotropin releasing hormone
(CRH)
3 Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) TRH
4 Gonadodropins (Gn)
a) Follicle stimulating Hormone (FSH)
b) Leutinising hormone (LH)
GnRH
5 Prolactin Prolactin Inhibitory hormone (PRIH)
6. Therapeutic use
Therapeutically used Ant Pit Hormones (& drugs
rel to these hormones):
• GH
• Gonadotropins (Gns)
• Prolactin
(Diagnostic value : TSH and ACTH)
9. PD
• GH mediates its effects via cell surface
receptors of the JAK/STAT cytokine receptor
superfamily
…MCQ
10. Effects of GH on carbohydrate,
protein and fat metabolism
11. Effect On Carbohydrate metabolism
Blood glucose level increases :
1. Uptake of glucose by muscles is reduced
2. Output from liver is increased
It promotes utilization of fat and spares
carbohydrates
GH accentuates the metabolic derangement in
diabetes
12. Insulin like Growth Factor -1(IGF-1)
• The growth-promoting effects of GH are
mediated mainly, but not solely, through IGF-I
(Somatomedins).
• Most Circulating IGF-I is produced by liver.
13. IGF-1
• GH and IGF-I have opposite effects on insulin
sensitivity.
• GH reduces insulin sensitivity, which results in
mild hyperinsulinemia and increased blood
glucose levels
• IGF-I has insulin-like effects on glucose
transport
14. Effect On Protein metabolism
Positive nitrogen balance
1. Increased uptake of amino acids by tissues
2. Protein synthesis
3. Promotes retention of nitrogen
4. More protoplasm is formed
15. Effect on fat metabolism
• Induces lipolysis in adipose tissue
17. GH related drugs
1. Recombinant GH
2. recombinant GHRH analogs
3. Somatostatin rel drugs
4. Mecasermin : a complex of recombinant
human IGF-1 and IGF-binding protein-3
5. Pegvisomant is a GH receptor antagonist
22. Mecasermin : a complex of
recombinant human IGF-1 and IGF-
binding protein-3
• Indication: Growth failure due to defi of IGF-1
that is not responsive to GH.
• Route: Subcutaneous
• IGF-binding protein-3: to maintain adequate
half-life of IGF-1.
• ADR: hypoglycemia
25. Gn
FSH
• Spermatogenesis
• Estrogen secretion
LH
• Progesterone
• Testosterone
Secretion of Gn is controlled by GnRH that is secreted
from the hypothalamus in a pulsatile manner.
GnRH = FSHIL/1-RH or simply LHRH or Gonadorelin.
To remember……….FSH …S ….Spermatogenesis , Strogen
27. hCG
• Secreted by placenta
• Fn = To maintain corpus luteum in preg
• Binds to LH receptors
• Action is = that of LH
…..Clinical imp in Male Hypogonadotropic
hypogonadism
Testestorone secretion
28. Polycystic ovarian disease
(PCOD)
• Androgen levels high
• High LH
(LH…. Testosterone)
• LH / FSH level is high
• Rational in Rx ….. Increase FSH level
FSH preparations given
29. Preparations of Gn
A. Purified preparations obtained from human
source… Urine samples
B. Recombinant preparations
30. A. Purified preparations
i. Menotropins (FSH + LH) = obtained from
Urine of menopausal women
ii. Urofollitropin = Menotropin (pure FSH)
iii. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
31. B. Recombinant preparations
i. Recombinant human FSH (rh FSH) =
Follitropin alpha, follitropin beta
ii. Rcombinant human LH (rhLH) = Lutropin…
(withdrawn from market)
iii. Recombinant hCG
38. Uses: Nafarelin
1. Assisted Reproduction: to suppress endogenous
LH surge when controlled ovarian stimulation is
done by exogenous FSH & LH…. Precisely timed
mature oocytes can be harvested
2. Uterine Fibroids:
3. Endometriosis : (endometrial tissue at other
site)
4. Precocious puberty: Rx till 12 yrs.. Reversible
after stopping
39. Goserelin
• i.m Depot preparation…. Long acting
• Use
–Ca prostate…. { for initial 3-4 weeks
bicalutamide / flutamide (androgen
antagonist) is given…. Increased androgen
production due to increased Gn initially}…..
Viva qn
–Endometriosis