GROWTH HORMONE - PITUITARY GLAND

1. PHARMCOLOGY OF
DRUG ACTING ON
ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM
“GROWTH
HORMONE”
By
Mr.S.KAMESHWARAN.,M.Pharm.,(Ph.D).
Associate Professor, Excel College of Pharmacy
Komarapalayam, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India.

2. HORMONE
“Hormone is a substance, having greater biological
activity, produced by specific cell in the body and it
is transported through circulation to act on its target
cells.”
Greek-HARMEIN-TO STIRR UP,
Hormones regulates body functions
Hormones are secreted by endocrine glands
(ductless glands)

3. PITUITARY HORMONES
ANTERIOR:
♠Growth hormones(GH)
♠Prolactin (Prl)
♠Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
♠Thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)
♠Gonadotropins (hormones having stimulatory
action on gonads)
Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)
Luteinizing hormone(LH)
POSTERIOR:
Oxytocin
Anti diuretic hormone (ADH, VASOPRESSIN)

4. ANTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES
They secretes a number of important regulatory
hormones.
They act on extra cellular receptor, which is located
on their target cells.
The anterior pituitary secretes the following
hormones
Growth hormone (GH)
Prolactin (Prl)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Gonadotropins
1. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
2. Luteinizing hormone (LH)

5. GROWTH HORMONE
Contains 191 Amino acids,
Molecular weight -22000 daltons, Single chain
peptide.
PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS:
Promotes the growth of all organs, by inducing
hyperplastia (gross enlargement) of organs)
Increasing in size and mass of all parts of the
body,
It does not produce sexual maturation,
It does not involved in growth of brain & eye,
GH promotes utilization of Fats and spares
Carbohydrate,
GH decrease the Uptake of glucose by mucus,
INSULINE LIKE GROWTH FACTORS (IGF) are
extra cellular mediators of GH response,

6. GROWTH MECHANISM:
GROWTH HORMONE

PROMOTE THE RETENTION OF NITROGEN AND OTHER
TISSUE CONSTITUENTS

MORE PROTOPLASM IS FORMED

POSITIVE NITROGEN BALANCE
 leads to
INCREASE UPTAKE OF AMINO ACID BY TISSUES
 C promotes
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT

7. ROLL OF GHRH:
Hypothalamus

GHRH

Anterior pituitary

GH

Liver, Kidney, Muscle, Fat & bone

IGF-1

ACT ON SOFT TISSUES& BONE

8. REGULATION OF SECRETION:
FASTING, HYPOGLYCEMIA, STRESS AND IV
INFUSION OF ARGININE
HYPOTHALAMUS PRODUCE “GHRH” &
SOMATOSTATIN
GHRH, Stomatostatin receptors are G protein
coupled receptor type,
GH- inhibited by increase in plasma free fatty acid
levels and high concentration of glucocorticoids.

9. PHATHALOGICAL CONDITIONS:
♣ Increase in GH:
Children – Gigantism,
Adults – Acromegaly,

10. ♣ Decrease in GH:
Children - Pituitary dwarfism
Adult - Rare

11. PREPARATIONS:
Produced by recombinant DNA technology.
SOMATROPIN
SOMATREM
GH INHIBITORS:
SOMATOSTATIN
OCTIREOTIDE

12. SOMATOSTATIN:
Inhibit the secretion of GROWTH HORMONE, TSH,
PROLACTINE,
Which also inhibit almost all pancreatic, GI
secretions,
Also constricts hepatic and renal blood vessels

13. OCTREOTIDE:
40 times less potent than somatostatin
Suppress GH secretion for long time,
Weaker inhibitor of insulin secretion.
Used in ACROMEGALY.
ADR:
 Abdominal pain,
 Nausea,
 Diarrhoea,
 Gall stones.

14. THANK U