2. According to World report on violence and health in
Geneva 2002 Each year hundreds of thousands of women
and girls throughout the world are bought and sold into
prostitution or sexual slavery. Research in Kyrgyzstan has
estimated that around 4000 people were trafficked from
the country in 1999, with the principal destinations being
China, Germany, Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation,
Turkey and the United Arab Emirates. Of those
trafficked, 62% reported being forced to work without pay,
while over 50% reported being
physically abused or tortured by their employers.
3. According to World report on violence
and health in Geneva 2002. prostitution and
rape are defined as sexual violence. It is a
sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act,
unwanted sexual comments or advances, or
acts to traffic, or otherwise directed, against a
person’s sexuality using coercion, by any
person regardless of their relationship to the
victim, in any setting, including but not limited
to home and work.
4. Each year hundreds of thousands of women and
girls throughout the world are bought and sold into
prostitution or sexual slavery. Research in
Kyrgyzstan has estimated that around 4000 people
were trafficked from the country in 1999, with the
principal destinations being China, Germany,
Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation, Turkey and the
United Arab Emirates. Of those
trafficked, 62% reported being forced to work
without pay, while over 50% reported being
physically abused or tortured by their employers.
5. Prostitution
according to the Oxford English Dictionary,
is ‘the practice or occupation of engaging in
sexual activity for payment’.
Definition
Rape
“the crime, committed by a man, of forcing
another person to have sexual intercourse
with him without their consent and against
their will.” (This definition is based on
archaic stereotypes, not on reality.)
6. Prostitution is any, or a
combination, or all of the following:
Sexual harassment
is intimidation, bullying or coercion of a sexual
nature, or the unwelcome or inappropriate
promise of rewards in exchange for sexual
favors.
Rape
is a type of sexual assault usually involving
sexual intercourse, which is initiated by one or
more persons against another person without
that person's consent.
7. What is Prostitution ?
• Prostitution is the business or practice of
engaging in sexual relations in exchange for
payment or some other benefit. Prostitution is
sometimes described as commercial sex.
• A person who works in this field is called a
prostitute, and is a kind of sex
worker. Prostitution is one of the branches of the
sex industry.
8. Forms of Prostitution
Christine Harcourt, PhD, Research Fellow for the National
Centre in HIV Epidemiology & Clinical Research at the
University of New South Wales, and Basil Donovan, MD,
Professor of Sexual Health at National Centre in HIV
Epidemiology and Clinical Research of the University of
New South Wales, in their June 2005 Sexually Transmitted
Infections article "The Many Faces of Sex Work," wrote:
"At least 25 types of sex work were identified according to
worksite, principal mode of soliciting clients, or sexual
practices. These types of work are often grouped under the
headings of 'direct' and 'indirect' prostitution, with the
latter group less likely to be perceived or to perceive
themselves as sex workers..."
14. What the law says
UK prostitution laws reflect the idea that
prostitution may be immoral, but the law does
not interfere in sexual arrangements between
consenting adults, unless they cause a public
nuisance. It is legal for two adults to agree to a
money-for-sex exchange, but the law does all it
can to keep it behind closed doors. But many sex
workers, as well as opponents of prostitution,
have criticized this compromise.
http://www.bbc.co.uk
16. Brothels
in law, a brothel is a place where sex is sold by more than
one person, and it is illegal to rent or allow the use of
your property as a brothel, as well as to run one.
What the law says
Causing or inciting
It is illegal to arrange for another adult to sell sex, or
encourage them to do so, in order to profit or gain from
her or his prostitution.
It is illegal to organise or encourage the prostitution of a
person aged under 18, whether or not you gain from it.
17. Kerb crawling
You cannot approach someone in a street or
public place to solicit her or his services as a
prostitute.
Soliciting
You cannot persistently (i.e. twice or more in a 3
month period) hang around or approach people
in the street or a public place to offer to sell
them sexual services.
18. Paying
It is illegal to pay for sex with a person
under the age of 18, or a person who
has been forced into prostitution.
Advertising
It is illegal to put an advertisement
relating to prostitution in a public
telephone box.
19. Joe Vargas, MA, former Captain of the Anaheim Police
Department, in a Feb. 26, 2017 article for Behind the Badge
OC titled "Vargas: Legalizing Prostitution Would Do Nothing
to Curb Abuse, Degradation of Women," wrote:
"In my police career, I met and even developed working
relationships with 'working girls.' The work is nothing like
Julia Roberts in 'Pretty Woman.' It is deplorable and in
many ways degrades and robs the participants of fragile
parts of their humanity...
I would say the idea that prostitution should be legalized is
wrong. For those few who suggest otherwise, I would argue
sex for money is illegal not just because it's immoral, but
because it's just plain bad for women at every level."
20. Dorn Checkley, Director of the Pittsburg Coalition
Against Pornography, wrote "Legalized Prostitution?" on
the Wholehearted website (accessed Jan. 22, 2007),
which stated:
"Prostitution as an institution is evil. It doesn't matter if
it is the 'world's oldest profession', it is still wrong.
However, prostitutes themselves are not evil and neither
are their johns. They are usually broken and needy
individuals seemingly trapped by the circumstances of
their lives. Ultimately, to accept and legitimize
prostitutes and johns is not compassionate, it is lazy. Not
to undertake the difficult task of leading, encouraging
and calling them to the higher way is a failure to love as
Jesus would have loved them."
21. These investigations reveal rape, incest, sexual harassment,
pornography, and prostitution as not primarily abuses of physical
force, violence, authority, or economics . . ., They are abuses of
women; they are abuses of sex . ... That these behaviors are
illegal makes them be considered repressed. This is largely what
makes it possible for the desire to do them, which is in fact the
rush
of power to express itself, to be experienced as the desire for
freedom.
-Catharine MacKinnon
CATHARINE MACKINNON, TOWARD A FEMINIST THEORY OF THE STATE 113 (1989)
22. 10 reasons for NOT Legalizing
Prostitution
1. Legalization/decriminalization of
prostitution is a gift to pimps, traffickers
and sexual industry.
2. It promotes sex trafficking.
3. It does not control the sex industry. It
expands it.
4. It increases clandestine, hidden, illegal
and street prostitution
23. 5. It increases child prostitution
6. It does not protect the women in
prostitution.
7. It increases the demand for
prostitution. It boosts the
motivation of men to buy women
for sex in a much wider and more
permissible range of socially
acceptable settings.
24. 8. It does not promote women’s
health.
9. It does not enhance women’s
choice.
10. Women in systems of prostitution
do not want the sex industry legalized
or decriminalized.
https://www.rapereliefshelter.bc.ca/learn/resources/10-reasons-not-legalizing-prostitution-janice-
g-raymond-catw-2003
by Janice G. Raymond, Coalition Against Trafficking in Women International (CATW), March 25,
2003
25. 2355. Prostitution does injury to the
dignity of the person who engages in
it, reducing the person to an instrument
of sexual pleasure. The one who pays
sins gravely against himself: he violates
the chastity to which his Baptism
pledged him and defiles his body, the
temple of the Holy Spirit (Cf. 1 Cor
6:15-20)
26. Prostitution is a social scourge. It usually
involves women, but also men, children,
and adolescents (The latter two cases
involve the added sin of scandal.). While it
is always gravely sinful to engage in
prostitution, the importability of the
offense can be attenuated by destitution,
blackmail, or social pressure.
27. (1 Cor 6:15-20) Do you not know that your
bodies are members of Christ? Shall I then
take Christ’s members and make them the
members of a prostitute?* Of course
not!g16[Or] do you not know that anyone
who joins himself to a prostitute becomes
one body with her? For “the two,” it says,
“will become one flesh.”h17But whoever is
joined to the Lord becomes one spirit with
him.
28. i18Avoid immorality. Every other sin a
person commits is outside the body, but the
immoral person sins against his own
body.*19Do you not know that your body is a
temple* of the Holy Spirit within you, whom
you have from God, and that you are not
your own?j20For you have been purchased
at a price. Therefore, glorify God in your
body.
29. 2356. Rape is the forcible violation of the
sexual intimacy of another person. It does
injury to justice and charity. Rape deeply
wounds the respect, freedom, and physical
and moral integrity to which every person has
a right. It causes grave damage that can mark
the victim for life. It is always an intrinsically
evil act. Graver still is the rape of children
committed by parents (incest) or those
responsible for the education of the children
entrusted to them.
30. Why Rape is wrong?
It is a sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act,
unwanted sexual comments or advances, or acts to
traffic, or otherwise directed, against a person’s
sexuality using coercion, by any person regardless
of their relationship to the victim, in any setting,
including but not limited to home and work.
31. What is the moral teaching regarding the rape
of a woman?
Rape is a detestable, evil action. The Catechism offers a
clear moral teaching: “Rape is the forcible violation of the
sexual intimacy of another person. It does injury to justice
and charity. Rape deeply wounds the respect, freedom, and
physical and moral integrity to which every person has a
right. It causes grave damage that can mark the victim for
life. It is always an intrinsically evil act. Graver still is the
rape of children committed by parents (incest) or those
responsible for the education of the children entrusted to
them.”(#2356) Note that rape is “an intrinsically evil act,”
meaning that it is evil at its very root, nothing justifies it, and
it is objectively a mortal sin.
32. Why Rape is wrong?
According to the commonly accepted view, rape is
wrong because of the serious harm it causes its
victims. At times it is physical harm, but more often,
it is severe psychological harm. In almost all cases,
rape brings about a decline in the victim’s
prospects; it initiates a change for the worse in her
life. In accordance with this view, we are therefore
terrified of being raped because we are terrified of
this harm, and we regard rape as wrong – indeed as
a paradigm of wrongness – because of the harm it
produces.
33. A violation of human rights
“All human beings are born free and equal in
dignity and rights. They are endowed with
reason and conscience and should act
towards one another in a spirit of
brotherhood.” —Article 1 of the
United Nations
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
(UDHR).
34. PERSONALIZED MORALITY
• Personalized morality is based upon
society’s acceptance of human
behavior.
“Do not do unto others what you do
not want others do unto you” –
Golden Rule
35. Why is rape morally wrong?
According to David Archard
‘The essential wrong of any instance of rape is the set of
indefensible core direct harms it causes’ (Archard 2007: 382).
A. Rape is morally wrong, because it hurts a person.
‘By ‘hurt’ I mean experienced pain, displeasure, discomfort’
(Archard 2007: 378).
‘Sex . . . obtained by deception either as to the nature of
the act or as to the person with whom she has sex, or else
in respect of the inducements to have sex’ need not hurt a
woman (Archard 2007: 375).
A woman ‘undergoes [non-consensual sex] and knows this to
be the case, but sincerely reports that she experiences no
hurt either at the time or later.
Archard, David. 2007. The wrong of rape. The Philosophical Quarterly
36. B. Rape is morally wrong, because it harms a
person.
Focus on harm to the victim
Indirect harms are done to the victim and to people other than the
victim. ‘In a society in which rapes were rare, or occurred in very
particular kinds of circumstance, . . . the indirect harms of rape might
not occur’ (Archard 2007: 382).
When co-ordinated, as rape is when it is used as a weapon of war,
the indirect harm consists in ‘terrorizing, humiliating and cowing
a well defined group’ (Archard 2007: 382; cf. Card 1996).
Even when not co-ordinated,
‘All women, not just those who are raped, suffer from an
increased anxiety and fearfulness in any context in which rape
is a possibility’ (Archard 2007: 381), Direct harms ‘are done
to the victim alone’ (Archard 2007: 381)..
37. Focus on the core harm to the victim.
‘The ‘aggravating’ harms [of rape] are not occasioned by every act of rape’
(Archard 2007: 380). They are either: ‘due to the circumstances or character of
the particular rape’, For instance, ‘not all acts of rape are accomplished with
acts of non-sexual physical violence, such as beating’ (Archard 2007: 380).
‘explained by the beliefs, values and sensibilities of the victim or her society’
(Archard 2007: 380). For instance, in some societies, ‘A woman might . . . report
that she is not violated if her rapist promises to marry her’ (Archard 2007: 380).
‘The ‘core’ harms [of rape] are done to a victim by any act of rape’ (Archard
2007: 380).
Focus on the victim’s core harm that is not justifiable.
‘Someone could have their legitimate interest in sexual integrity set back but
not be wronged’. For instance, suppose:
‘someone consents now to non-consensual sex later’, or‘someone rapes
another in self-defense’ (Archard 2007: 380).
38. C. Rape is morally wrong, because it indefensibly
harms a person.
By ‘wrong’ I mean an indefensible setback to another’s interests. A
wronging of another is indefensible in two respects.
‘The person committing the wrong has no warrant for causing
the harm, such as might be the case if it was excusable or
justifiable; and ‘the person to whom the harm is done has a
justified claim that this harm ought not to be done to him’
(Archard 2007: 378), because this harm undermines one of his
most important interests.
