SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 15
Proprietăţile
mecanice ale
 metalelor


     2010
PROPRIETĂŢILE
              MECANICE
            indică modul de
        comportare a metalelor
       sub acţiunea diferitelor
           forţe exterioare
Acestea sunt:
 duritatea;
 elasticitatea;
 plasticitatea;
 rezistenţa mecanică;
 rezistenta la soc
 rezistenta la oboseala


                                  2
2.ELASTICITATEA




este proprietatea metalelor de
       a reveni la forma şi
     dimensiunile iniţiale după
   încetarea acţiunii sarcinilor
    exterioare care au produs
          deformarea.

                              3
4
3.PLASTICITATEA



Este proprietatea materialului
 metalic de a-si schimba forma
 datorita actiunii fortelor exterioare
 si de a ramane deformat dupa ce
 aceste forte nu mai actioneaza


                                         5
6
1.REZISTENŢA MECANICĂ
-este proprietatea materialelor de a
se opune deformarii sau ruperii sub
actiunea fortelor exterioare .
Dintre solicitările mecanice la care
pot fi supuse metalele, intalnim:

  Întinderea;
  Compresiunea;
  Încovoierea;
  Răsucirea (torsiunea).
  Forfecarea .


                                   7
8
 Tenacitatea este proprietatea metalelor
 de a rezista mai mult timp la diferite
 eforturi, deformându-se mult înainte de
 rupere.
 Cea mai mare tenacitate, sau
 rezistenţă la rupere, revine în ordine
 descrescândă metalelor: W, Mo, Ta,
 Zr, Nb, 'Ti, Th, Co, Ni, Pd, Fe, Cu,
 Ag, Au, Al etc., iar cea mai mică
 tenacitate o au Bi, Tl, Pb, In, Ga şi Sn.



                                             9
O probă – înainte şi după studiul
 rezistenţei acesteia la rupere:




                               10
REZILIENTA (REZISTENTA LA ŞOC)
  Este proprietatea metalelor de a
   rezista la şocuri mecanice

  KCU=W/So[J/cm 2]
  Se determin[ pentru materialele din
   care se fac piese şi scule supuse la
   şocuri în timpul utilizării. ( roţi
   dinţate, matriţe, poansoane, etc)


                                          11
12
REZISTENTA LA OBOSEALĂ
 Este capacitatea unui material metalic de a
  rezista unor solicitări variabile în timpul
  funcţionării ( întindere urmată de compresiune;
  răsucire şi încovoiere etc.)
 determinarea rezistenţei la oboseală se face pe
  epruvete de forme speciale , montate in maşini de
  încercare care reproduc ciclul de solicitare şi îl
  repetă de câteva sute de mii sau milioane de ori
 Exemple : arbori cotiţi, osiile vagoanelor,biela
  mecanismului bielă-manivelă, arcuri, roţi dinţate
  etc.
 Rezistenţa la oboseală este mare atunci când
  structura interioară a metalului este mai omogenă.

                                                 13
14
Proprietăţile mecanice ale metalelor şi ale aliajelor
   acestora determină domeniul de utilizare:
 Oţeluri: construcţii metalice, resorturi, cuţite,
   burghie, vase de bucătărie etc.
 Fontă: calorifere,sobe,piese de maşini, plite, cazane
   etc.
 Alamă: piese de maşini, ventile, piuliţe, bucşe etc.
 Bronz: roţi dinţate, lagăre, sărme, supape, statui,
   clopote, robinete, monede etc.
 Duraluminiu: avioane, automobile, nave, biciclete etc.




      sfârşit
                                                   15

More Related Content

Featured

2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
 
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPTEverything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPTExpeed Software
 
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsProduct Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
 
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsKurio // The Social Media Age(ncy)
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Tessa Mero
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...RachelPearson36
 

Featured (20)

2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
 
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPTEverything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
 
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsProduct Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
 
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
 
Skeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture CodeSkeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture Code
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
 
How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations
 
Introduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data ScienceIntroduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data Science
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project management
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
 

Sm 110428041010-phpapp01

  • 2. PROPRIETĂŢILE MECANICE indică modul de comportare a metalelor sub acţiunea diferitelor forţe exterioare Acestea sunt:  duritatea;  elasticitatea;  plasticitatea;  rezistenţa mecanică;  rezistenta la soc  rezistenta la oboseala 2
  • 3. 2.ELASTICITATEA este proprietatea metalelor de a reveni la forma şi dimensiunile iniţiale după încetarea acţiunii sarcinilor exterioare care au produs deformarea. 3
  • 4. 4
  • 5. 3.PLASTICITATEA Este proprietatea materialului metalic de a-si schimba forma datorita actiunii fortelor exterioare si de a ramane deformat dupa ce aceste forte nu mai actioneaza 5
  • 6. 6
  • 7. 1.REZISTENŢA MECANICĂ -este proprietatea materialelor de a se opune deformarii sau ruperii sub actiunea fortelor exterioare . Dintre solicitările mecanice la care pot fi supuse metalele, intalnim:  Întinderea;  Compresiunea;  Încovoierea;  Răsucirea (torsiunea).  Forfecarea . 7
  • 8. 8
  • 9.  Tenacitatea este proprietatea metalelor de a rezista mai mult timp la diferite eforturi, deformându-se mult înainte de rupere.  Cea mai mare tenacitate, sau rezistenţă la rupere, revine în ordine descrescândă metalelor: W, Mo, Ta, Zr, Nb, 'Ti, Th, Co, Ni, Pd, Fe, Cu, Ag, Au, Al etc., iar cea mai mică tenacitate o au Bi, Tl, Pb, In, Ga şi Sn. 9
  • 10. O probă – înainte şi după studiul rezistenţei acesteia la rupere: 10
  • 11. REZILIENTA (REZISTENTA LA ŞOC)  Este proprietatea metalelor de a rezista la şocuri mecanice  KCU=W/So[J/cm 2]  Se determin[ pentru materialele din care se fac piese şi scule supuse la şocuri în timpul utilizării. ( roţi dinţate, matriţe, poansoane, etc) 11
  • 12. 12
  • 13. REZISTENTA LA OBOSEALĂ  Este capacitatea unui material metalic de a rezista unor solicitări variabile în timpul funcţionării ( întindere urmată de compresiune; răsucire şi încovoiere etc.)  determinarea rezistenţei la oboseală se face pe epruvete de forme speciale , montate in maşini de încercare care reproduc ciclul de solicitare şi îl repetă de câteva sute de mii sau milioane de ori  Exemple : arbori cotiţi, osiile vagoanelor,biela mecanismului bielă-manivelă, arcuri, roţi dinţate etc.  Rezistenţa la oboseală este mare atunci când structura interioară a metalului este mai omogenă. 13
  • 14. 14
  • 15. Proprietăţile mecanice ale metalelor şi ale aliajelor acestora determină domeniul de utilizare:  Oţeluri: construcţii metalice, resorturi, cuţite, burghie, vase de bucătărie etc.  Fontă: calorifere,sobe,piese de maşini, plite, cazane etc.  Alamă: piese de maşini, ventile, piuliţe, bucşe etc.  Bronz: roţi dinţate, lagăre, sărme, supape, statui, clopote, robinete, monede etc.  Duraluminiu: avioane, automobile, nave, biciclete etc. sfârşit 15