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Critical Reviews on Medical Tourism in Korea
KIMA Conference 2016
Ki Nam Jin
Dept of Health Administration
Yonsei University
I. Introduction
The Republic of Korea is the 12th largest economy in the world.
The main industries: semiconductor, electronics, steelmaking, shipbuilding,
and automotive.
The export oriented economy
The Korean government looks for new growth engine.
BackgroundBackground
5th in Bloomberg’s Most Efficient Health Care Ranking(2015)
Healthcare information technology (expanded to global market)
Competitive services (e.g., Aesthetic medicine, Oriental medicine)
Increasing importance of healthcare industry in the economy
(potential for creating more jobs)
Background
Government’s needs to
develop new growth engine
Policy for
globalizing
healthcare
Competitive
medical
technology
& services
Background
1) To explain the policy for globalizing healthcare in Korea
2) To analyze the success factors for the current achievement
3) To analyze the problems we encountered during execution of policy
4) To suggest the future strategy
Objective
II. Policy for Globalizing Healthcare
Inbound
policy
Globalization of Healthcare
Outbound
policy
Policy Approach
Synergy Effect
Medical
Tourism
Foreign
Direct
Investment
Export of
Hospital
System
ODA
Development
of
Healthcare
Industry
Globalization of Healthcare
Improvement
of
National
Brand
Economic Development
Policy Goal
Strategy
Strategy
Legal &
institutional
System
G2G
Network
Research
Information
System
Project
Support
Marketing
Figure 1. Number of foreign patients
Inbound Trend
79
91
111
125
141
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
52
33
9 8 8
31
KHIDI Report(2015)
Outbound trend
Figure 2. Overseas expansion of medical
institution by year
Figure 3. Overseas expansion of medical
institution by region
III. Success factors
Spirit of challenge & Passion
Passion!
Keen Competition
3,013 hospitals/clinics
Systematic government support & commitment
Government
Activities
Legal &
institutional
bases
Human
resource
development
Global
networking
Market
information
base
Figure 4. Government activities
Government
Tourism
industry
Media
Hospitals/
Clinics
Public
opinion
Academic
scholars
Figure 5. Opinions of key stakeholders
Consensus & coordination among key stakeholders
Diversification of target markets
Hallyu
K-Medicine
IV. Problems
Lack of long-term vision & strategy
· Many projects on boosting medical tourism industry
- Focus on the short-term
achievement
- Focus on the quantitative
aspects of performance
(e.g., number of foreign
patients, earnings)
- Failure to develop wellness
tourism resources
Problems
Nations
Reported
numbers of
foreign patients
Foreign
residents
Wellness tourists Medical tourists
Thailand
(2012)
2,530,000
(number of visits)
41.4% α 1,482,580-α
(number of visits)
Malaysia
(2013)
881,000 46.9% 444,024
US
(2017)
560,000 560,000
Germany
(2014)
250,000 250,000
Turkey
(2012)
380,000 250,000 130,000
Table 2. Number of medical tourists
Inefficiency
· Project support & Marketing activities
- Project overlap
- Lack of proper evaluation(ROI)
- Outcome orientation
- Ineffective marketing
Problems
Discontinuity
· Personnel change at all levels(government, institutes, hospitals)
- Few experts
- Weak international
network
- Insufficient information
on global market
Problems
Privatization
· Profit seeking from treatment of foreign patients
Commercialization:
- No regulation on fee
structure
- High commission of some
MT facilitators
- Aggressive marketing
Malpractice
Problem
V. Future Strategy
Resetting long-term goal
1) Practical goal setting
2) Reconfiguring goal (qualitative as well as quantitative aspects)
- Qualitative indicator(e.g., safety, transparency)
3) Pursuing “health tourism”
- Medical tourism + Wellness tourism
Nation
Health Tourism
Medical tourism Wellness tourism
Thailand
Medical
Service
Massage
India Yoga
Hungary Spa
South Africa Safari
Argentina Tango
 New Goal
Resetting marketing
1) Developing message related to core value
2) Developing message related to extra value
3) Developing unique and attractive “destination brand”
- Key word
- visual cue
4) Developing effective marketing channel for target nations
5) Developing viral marketing strategy
Why
Seoul?
Center of
Medical
Excellence
Collaboration
CosmopolitanConvenience
Choice
Leading
hospitals
Concentration
Of
Healthcare
resources
Ecological
systemof
healthindustry
Hospital
Referral
Network
Diverse
products
Diverse
Medical
Institutions
MT
facilitators
Transportation
Language
ITInfra
Geoprahic
location
Diverse
ethnic
groups
Shopping
Cultural
Resources
Wellness
Tourism
Resources
OutcomeExpertise
Cost Infra-
Structure
Customer Service Quality
Globalization of Healthcare
Number of Foreign Patients
Tourism
Resources
Accessi
bility
Healthcare
System Safety
Governmental
Support
(Jin, 2015)
 Core value
Focusing on infrastructure
1) Human resource development
- Global experts in hospital
(e.g., KOHI, Seminar for knowledge sharing)
- Global experts in Government
2) Information System
- Global expert system(for delivering information on global healthcare market)
3) Global network
- Forum (e.g., Korea-China Healthcare Forum)
Thank you
Ki Nam Jin
Dept of Health Administration
Yonsei University
Korea

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