Bangalore Call Girls Majestic 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safe
Wk6 project+bustamante+j
1. Why Do Americans still smoke?
Joseph Bustamante
Walden University
HLTH 4900-2
November 18,2014
2. Statistics/ Epidemiological Data
• An estimated 42.1 million people or about 18
percent of adults smoke cigarettes.
• Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death.
• About 16 million people suffer from tobacco related
diseases.
3. Facts
Smoking is directly linked to
• Cardiovascular disease
• Lung Cancer
• High blood pressure
• Lung inflammation
• Tuberculosis
Smoking one cigarette reduces your life by 11 minutes.
• The more you use tobacco the more likely you are to
increase your risk for disease and shorten your life.
4. Facts (Continued)
• Every year around 480,000 people die from tobacco
related diseases in the United States.
• At it highest 40 percent of Americans smoked.
(1950’s)
• In 2005 20 percent of Americans smoked in 2012
that number dropped down to 18 percent.
5. Facts (Continued)
Who is more likely to use tobacco products?
• Those with a GED
• LGBT individuals
• Mixed Races
By Gender: By Age: By Race By Education: By Poverty Level:
20.5% of Men 17.3% 18-24 21.8% American Indian/Alaska Native 24.7% 12 years or less 27.9% Below
15.8% of Women 21.6% 25-44 10.7% Asian 41.9% GED 17.0% At or above
19.5% 45-65 18.1% Blacks 23.1% Diploma
8.9% 65 + 12.5% Latinos 9.1% Undergrad
19.7% Caucasians 5.9% Postgrad
26.1% Multiple Races
6. Quality of Healthcare Delivery
• Every year 400,000 under 18 smoke their first
cigarette and yet less than 1/3 of teens report
their doctors have talked to them about tobacco
use.
• Second hand smoke can increase a nonsmoker’s
risk for heart disease by as much as 30%
• Doctor’s are always asking older Americans or
those who are at high risk or have heart disease if
they are exposed to second hand smoke.
7. Quality of Healthcare Delivery (Continued)
• Tobacco use has a long history of false
information and exaggerated benefits.
• Tobacco use is proven to exaggerate health
conditions and create further complications
for users.
• Better and repetitive information from
healthcare professional to patients about risks
at every assessment.
8. How Does This Health Issue Transcend
Borders?
• Almost all of the worlds 1 billion smokers live in
low and middle income countries
• Tobacco use kills almost 6 million people each
year
• Just over 5 million of those death are directly
related to its use
• Worse is that more than 600,000 are from
exposure to second hand smoke
• (WHO) estimates the annual death toll could
reach 8 million by the year 2030
9. Health Behavior
• Education on the risks of tobacco use is key
• Over 40% have lost at least one smoking
parent
• In 2004 children made up 28% of the deaths
attributed to second hand smoke
• There are 400 chemicals in tobacco smoke,
250 are harmful, and 50 that cause cancer
• Smoke free laws protect the health of
nonsmokers
10. Health Behavior(Continued)
• When smokers are well informed the majority
want to quit
• Counseling and medications can increase a
smoker to quit by half
• Image warnings of smoking help reduce the
number of children who start
• Mass media is helpful in reducing use
• Ad bans (influencing promotion and sponsorship)
• Taxes on tobacco products
11. Culture
• Exposure (from family and friends)
• Income level
• Education level
• Access to healthcare (including information
regarding risks)
• Perception (“smoking as cool”)
12. Culture (Continued)
• Prevention policies/ legislation
Such as:
• Protection for the youth from second hand
exposure
• Programs developed to assist people to quit
and educate
• Taxes associated on tobacco products cost the
family unit as a whole
15. How Can Interdisciplinary Team
Approaches Help?
• Increasing the length Doctors/ healthcare
workers are able to discuss risk factors with
their patients
• Education workers, public officials, police
officers, actors, can all reach their audiences
and increase the flow of information
16. Possible Roles As A Scholar
Practitioner
Broad changes could include:
• Help get healthcare workers become more
embedded into lifestyle decisions on
individuals
• Involving more than one treatment practice
into care, and prevention
• Increasing the information and involvement of
parents in early youth prevention and
education
17. Possible Roles As A Scholar
Practitioner (Continued)
More direct changes:
• Handing out more visually striking images to
promote education on health risks
• Healthy lifestyle changes like exercise and
nutrition
• Promoting the various costs of tobacco use,
health, medical, social, life expectancy, and
insurance coverage
18. References:
• McLaughlin, I., Pearson, A., Laird-Metke, E., & Ribisl, K. (2014). Reducing Tobacco Use and Access Through Strengthened Minimum Price Laws.
American Journal Of Public Health, 104(10), 1844-1850. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302069
• Hawkins, S. S., & Baum, C. F. (2014). Impact of State Cigarette Taxes on Disparities in Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy. American Journal
Of Public Health, 104(8), 1464-1470. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.301955
• Agaku, I. T., King, B. A., & Dube, S. R. (2014). Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults - United States, 2005-2012. MMWR Recommendations
& Reports, 63(2), 19-34.
• Henry, B. J. (2013). Impact of Tobacco-Control Legislation. Clinical Journal Of Oncology Nursing, 17(2), 195-200. doi:10.1188/13.CJON.195-200
• Mazurek, J. M., Syamlal, G., King, B. A., & Castellan, R. M. (2014). Smokeless tobacco use among working adults - United States, 2005 and
2010. MMWR: Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, 63(22), 477-482.
• Kann, L., Kinchen, S., Shanklin, S. L., Flint, K. H., Hawkins, J., Harris, W. A., & ... Zaza, S. (2014). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance — United
States, 2013. MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 63(4), 1-170.
• Offen, N., Smith, E. A., & Malone, R. E. (2013). "They're Going to Die Anyway": Smoking Shelters at Veterans' Facilities. American Journal Of
Public Health, 103(4), 604-612. doi:10.2105/10AJPH.2012.301022
• Asma, S., Song, Y., Cohen, J., Eriksen, M., Pechacek, T., Cohen, N., & Iskander, J. (2014). CDC Grand Rounds: Global Tobacco Control. MMWR:
Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, 63(13), 277-280.
• Noguchi, Y. (July 31, 2014). Amid Smoking Decline, Look Who's Still Lighting Up . In NPR. Retrieved November 1, 2014, from
http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2014/07/31/336386346/amid-smoking-decline-look-whos-still-lighting-up.
• Internal Revenue Service. (Last reviewed or updated September 23, 2014). Excise Tax. In IRS. Retrieved November 9, 2014, from
http://www.irs.gov/Businesses/Small-Businesses-&-Self-Employed/Excise-Tax
• Pope III, C. A., Burnett, R. T., Turner, M. C., Cohen, A., Krewski, D., Jerrett, M., & ... Thun, M. J. (2011). Lung Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease
Mortality Associated with Ambient Air Pollution and Cigarette Smoke: Shape of the Exposure-Response Relationships. Environmental Health
Perspectives, 119(11), 1616-1621.
• Shang, S., Ordway, D., Henao-Tamayo, M., Bai, X., Oberley-Deegan, R., Shanley, C., & ... Chan, E. (2011). Cigarette smoke increases
susceptibility to tuberculosis--evidence from in vivo and in vitro models. Journal Of Infectious Diseases, 203(9), 1240-1248.
doi:10.1093/infdis/jir009
• A&E Television Networks, LLC.. (2014). Apr 1, 1970:Nixon signs legislation banning cigarette ads on TV and radio. In This Day in History.
Retrieved November 3, 2014, from http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/nixon-signs-legislation-banning-cigarette-ads-on-tv-and-radio.
• National Park Services U.S. Department of the Interior. (November 17, 2014). Tobacco: The Early History of a New World Crop. In Historic
Jamestowne. Retrieved November 17, 2014, from http://www.nps.gov/jame/historyculture/tobacco-the-early-history-of-a-new-world-crop.
htm.
• National Association of Attorneys General . (2006-2013). Tobacco and Hollywood: Smoking Lights Up the Box Office. In NAAGazette. Retrieved
November 17, 2014, from http://www.naag.org/tobacco-and-hollywood-smoking-lights-up-the-box-office.php.
19. References (Continued)
• World Health Organization . (2014). Tobacco . In World Health Organization . Retrieved November 16,
2014, from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs339/en/.
• Fox News. (November 11, 2014). Doctors should ask heart patients about secondhand smoke, study says.
In Fox News. Retrieved November 16, 2014, from http://www.foxnews.com/health/2014/11/11/doctors-should-
ask-heart-patients-about-secondhand-smoke-study-says/.
• Doyle , K. (August 19, 2014). Doctors may be missing chances to talk to teens about smoking. In Reuters.
Retrieved November 16, 2014, from http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/08/19/us-teen-smoking-healthcare-
idUSKBN0GJ1UH20140819.
• Shaw, M., Mitchell, R., Dorling, D. (January 1, 2000). Time for a smoke? One cigarette reduces your life by
11 minutes. In US National Library of Medicine . Retrieved November 16, 2014, from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1117323/.
Editor's Notes
CDC.gov
There is no safe level of exposure to second hand smoke
Tobacco tax 10% increase = 4% decrease(high income countries) 5% (low/middle income countries)
WHO recommends
Monitor tobacco use and prevention policies
Protect people from tobacco use
Offer help to quit tobacco use
Warn about the dangers of tobacco
Enforce bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship
Raise taxes on tobacco.
What role does culture play?
Bluetooth, recharging stations, USB ports, monitoring technologies imbedded into the E-cig to record use
Involving multiple academic approaches
Blending scholarly and medical information and real world knowledge in order to promote an advancement
