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Fayyaz ASNT NDT LEVEL III
Fayyaz ASNT NDT LEVEL III

PHA ANALYSIS

Engineering
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Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 1 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 1 1 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 1 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 1 ‫خطر‬ ‫یا‬ ‫مخاطره‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫تحلیل‬ ‫و‬ ‫تجزیه‬ Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) ‫نیا‬ ‫غالم‬ ‫رضا‬ ‫بهشتی‬ ‫شهید‬ ‫پزشکی‬ ‫علوم‬ ‫دانشگاه‬ ‫علمی‬ ‫هیئت‬ ‫عضو‬
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 2 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 2 2 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 2 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 2 ‫تاریخچه‬ • ‫تكنیك‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتي‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ( Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) ) ‫دهه‬ ‫اوایل‬ ‫در‬ ‫بار‬ ‫اولین‬ ‫براي‬ 50 ‫میالدي‬ ‫موشكها‬ ‫ایمني‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ‫براي‬ ‫آمریكا‬ ‫متحده‬ ‫ایاالت‬ ‫در‬ ‫ب‬ ‫پیش‬ ‫با‬ ‫ي‬ ‫رنده‬ ‫ب‬ ‫مایع‬ ‫شد‬ ‫گرفته‬ ‫كار‬ . ‫این‬ ‫ك‬ ‫این‬ ‫هوانوردي‬ ‫صنایع‬ ‫توسط‬ ‫روش‬ ‫شور‬ ‫ف‬ ‫نام‬ ‫تحت‬ ‫بوئینگ‬ ‫شركت‬ ‫بوسیله‬ ‫و‬ ‫آمده‬ ‫در‬ ‫قانونمند‬ ‫بصورت‬ ‫علي‬ ‫شد‬ ‫نامگذاري‬ . ‫مختلف‬ ‫صنایع‬ ‫به‬ ‫تكنیك‬ ‫این‬ ‫كاربرد‬ ‫این‬ ‫از‬ ‫پس‬ ‫یافت‬ ‫گسترش‬ ‫غیره‬ ‫و‬ ‫اي‬ ‫هسته‬ ،‫شیمیایي‬ ‫صنایع‬ ‫منجمله‬ .
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 3 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 3 3 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 3 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 3 ‫اهداف‬ PHA ‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتي‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ‫منظور‬ ‫به‬ ‫که‬ ‫است‬ ‫کمي‬ ‫نیمه‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ‫روش‬ ‫یک‬ ‫پذیرید‬ ‫مي‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫زیر‬ ‫اهداف‬ : .1 ‫به‬ ‫است‬ ‫ممکن‬ ‫که‬ ‫اتفاقي‬ ‫رویدادهاي‬ ‫و‬ ‫بالقوه‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫شناسایي‬ ‫شود‬ ‫منجر‬ ‫اي‬ ‫حادثه‬ ‫بروز‬ . .2 ‫زیر‬ ‫روي‬ ‫بر‬ ‫خطرناك‬ ‫شرایط‬ ‫و‬ ‫عناصر‬ ‫این‬ ‫اثرات‬ ‫شناسایي‬ ‫پروژه‬ ‫كل‬ ،‫سیستم‬ ،‫سیستمها‬ .3 ‫آنها‬ ‫ریسک‬ ‫حسب‬ ‫بر‬ ‫شده‬ ‫شناسایي‬ ‫رویدادهاي‬ ‫بندي‬ ‫رده‬ .4 ‫اصالح‬ ‫اقدامات‬ ‫شناسایي‬ ‫و‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫براي‬ ‫الزم‬ ‫کنترلهاي‬ ‫تعیین‬ ‫ي‬
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 4 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 4 4 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 4 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 4 ‫اهداف‬ 5 - ‫هاي‬‫داده‬ ‫آمد‬ ‫بدست‬ ‫از‬ ‫ه‬ PHA ‫ورودي‬ ‫یك‬ ‫موثر‬ ‫و‬ ‫مفید‬ ‫سایر‬ ‫براي‬ ‫ایمني‬ ‫فعالیتهاي‬ ‫ش‬ ‫راستاي‬ ‫در‬ ‫ذی‬ ‫موارد‬ ‫ناسایي‬ ‫بشمار‬ ‫ل‬ ‫مي‬ ‫رو‬ ‫د‬ : – ‫مشكل‬ ‫بالقوه‬ ‫مناطق‬ ‫آفرین‬ ‫با‬ ‫مرتبط‬ ‫بخشهاي‬ ‫افزار‬ ‫سخت‬ ‫ي‬ ، ‫افزار‬‫نرم‬ ‫ي‬ ‫آنها‬ ‫مشترك‬ ‫فصل‬ ‫یا‬ – ‫الزامات‬ ‫دستورالعمل‬ ‫ایمني‬ ‫طراحي‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ي‬ – ‫ایمني‬ ‫فعالیتهاي‬ ‫بندي‬‫الویت‬ – ‫بیشتر‬ ‫آنالیزهاي‬ ،‫تست‬ ‫به‬ ‫نیازمند‬ ‫موارد‬
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 5 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 5 5 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 5 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 5 PHA • ‫ترک‬ ‫و‬ ‫پیشگیرانه‬ ‫اقدامات‬ ‫نوع‬ ‫اولیه‬ ‫تعریف‬ ‫امکان‬ ‫ابزار‬ ‫این‬ ‫از‬ ‫یبی‬ ‫کند‬ ‫می‬ ‫رافراهم‬ ‫مناسب‬ ‫طراحی‬ ‫پیشگیرانه‬ ‫اقدامات‬ . ‫ذک‬ ‫به‬ ‫الزم‬ ‫ر‬ ‫است‬ PHA ‫و‬ ‫گرفته‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫نظر‬ ‫تجدید‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫مداوم‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫به‬ ‫باید‬ ‫شود‬ ‫واقع‬ ‫بازبینی‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫پروژه‬ ‫عمر‬ ‫چرخه‬ ‫طول‬ ‫در‬ . • ‫ایمن‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ‫فرایند‬ ‫در‬ ‫تالش‬ ‫اولین‬ ‫معموال‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫با‬ ‫مرتبط‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫بندی‬ ‫طبقه‬ ‫و‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫منظور‬ ‫به‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫عالیت‬ ‫مف‬ ‫فاز‬ ‫در‬ ّ‫ا‬‫ترجیح‬ ‫که‬ ‫است‬ ‫کار‬ ‫روش‬ ‫یا‬ ‫فرایند‬ ،‫سیستم‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یا‬ ‫هومی‬ ‫شود‬ ‫می‬ ‫اجراء‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫عمر‬ ‫چرخه‬ ‫از‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫طراحی‬ .
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 6 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 6 6 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 6 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 6
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 7 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 7 7 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 7 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 7 ‫مخاطره‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫فهرست‬ Preliminary Hazard List
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 8 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 8 8 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 8 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 8 PHL • ‫مرتب‬ ‫موجود‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫روش‬ ‫یک‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫لیست‬ ‫ط‬ ‫لیس‬ ‫چک‬ ‫نظیر‬ ‫ابزارهایی‬ ‫از‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫با‬ ‫که‬ ‫است‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫طراحی‬ ‫با‬ ،‫ها‬ ‫ت‬ ‫رویداد‬ ‫و‬ ‫حوادث‬ ‫گزارش‬ ،‫تجهیزات‬ ‫تشریح‬ ‫و‬ ‫توصیف‬ ،‫خطر‬ ‫ماتریس‬ ،‫ها‬ ‫نظی‬ ‫از‬ ‫مواری‬ ‫و‬ ‫قبلی‬ ‫گزارشات‬ ‫مرور‬ ،‫مشابه‬ ‫مشاغل‬ ‫سوابق‬ ‫بررسی‬ ‫ر‬ ‫کند‬ ‫می‬ ‫اقدام‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫به‬ ‫آن‬ . ‫اطالعات‬ ‫کلیه‬ ‫بررسی‬ ‫از‬ ‫پس‬ ‫کرد‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫لیست‬ ‫تهیه‬ ‫به‬ ‫اقدام‬ ‫توان‬ ‫می‬ ‫موجود‬ . • ‫یک‬ PHL ‫اجرای‬ ‫برای‬ ‫اساسی‬ ‫و‬ ‫پایه‬ ‫تشکیل‬ ‫برای‬ ‫توان‬ ‫می‬ ‫را‬ ‫خوب‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫یک‬ PHA ‫داد‬ ‫گسترش‬ ‫پیش‬ ‫از‬ ‫بیش‬ . • ‫اولیه‬ ‫هدف‬ ‫آنجائیکه‬ ‫از‬ PHA ‫اولیه‬ ‫ارزیابی‬ ‫یک‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫و‬ ‫سازی‬ ‫مستند‬ ، ‫لذا‬ ‫است‬ ‫فرایند‬ ‫ابتدائی‬ ‫بسیار‬ ‫مراحل‬ ‫در‬ ‫شده‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫از‬ ‫عمر‬ ‫چرخه‬ ‫از‬ ‫اولیه‬ ‫مراحل‬ ‫همان‬ ‫در‬ ،‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫لیست‬ ‫مطالعه‬
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 9 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 9 9 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 9 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 9 Preliminary Hazard List (Form)
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 10 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 10 10 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 10 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 10 PHL worksheet
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 11 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 11 11 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 11 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 11 ‫جدول‬ ‫عناوین‬ PHL • ‫آمیز‬ ‫مخاطره‬ ‫واقعه‬ Hazardous Event : ‫مخاطره‬ ‫از‬ ‫توصیفی‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫غیرقابل‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ناخوشایند‬ ‫رخداد‬ ‫یا‬ • ‫علی‬ ‫عوامل‬ Causal Factors : ‫چگونه‬ ‫یا‬ ‫چرا‬ ‫اینکه‬ ‫از‬ ‫توصیفی‬ ‫شود‬ ‫ناگوار‬ ‫واقعه‬ ‫به‬ ‫منجر‬ ‫است‬ ‫ممکن‬ ‫مخاطره‬ • ‫سیستم‬ ‫اثرات‬ System Effects : ‫زیر‬ ،‫سیستم‬ ‫تواند‬ ‫می‬ ‫چطور‬ ‫ببیند‬ ‫صدمه‬ ‫فرد‬ ‫یا‬ ‫محیط‬ ،‫سیستم‬ . • ‫ریسک‬ ‫ارزیابی‬ ‫کد‬ RAC : ‫واقعه‬ ‫هر‬ ‫برای‬ ‫ریسک‬ ‫ارزیابی‬ ‫کد‬ ‫شود‬ ‫مشخص‬ ‫نشده‬ ‫کنترل‬ ‫مخاطره‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ناخوشایند‬ . • ‫مالحظات‬ Comments : ،‫استانداردها‬ ،‫کنترلی‬ ‫های‬ ‫توصیه‬ ‫مقررات‬ ،‫قوانین‬ .
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 12 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 12 12 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 12 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 12 Preliminary hazard list overview
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 13 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 13 13 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 13 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 13 overall PHL methodology
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 14 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 14 14 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 14 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 14 PHL Analysis Process
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 15 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 15 15 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 15 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 15 ‫اطالعات‬ ‫از‬ ‫عبارتند‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتي‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ‫براي‬ ‫نیاز‬ ‫مورد‬ : .1 ‫آنالیزها‬ ‫و‬ ‫ها‬‫مشخصه‬ ،‫سناریوها‬ ،‫ها‬‫نقشه‬ .2 ‫خطر‬ ‫آنالیزهاي‬ ‫شده‬ ‫انجام‬ .3 ‫حوادث‬ ‫اطالعات‬ .4 ‫مشابه‬ ‫سیستمهاي‬ ‫تجربیات‬ .5 ‫آن‬ ‫كاركرد‬ ‫و‬ ‫محصول‬ ‫تولید‬ ‫از‬ ‫هدف‬ ‫و‬ ‫منظور‬ .6 ‫آنجا‬ ‫در‬ ‫محصول‬ ‫كه‬ ‫محیطي‬ ‫گرفت‬ ‫خواهد‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫مورد‬ .7 ‫افزارها‬ ‫سخت‬ ‫و‬ ‫تجهیزات‬ ‫یي‬ ‫محصول‬ ‫با‬ ‫همراه‬ ‫كه‬ ‫کارگرفت‬ ‫به‬ ‫ه‬ ‫شوند‬ ‫مي‬ .8 ‫محصول‬ ‫نهایي‬ ‫كننده‬ ‫مصرف‬ ‫براي‬ ‫عملیاتي‬ ‫معیارهاي‬
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 16 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 16 16 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 16 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 16 ‫ا‬ ‫سواالت‬ ‫ساسي‬ • ‫کلي‬ ‫بطور‬ ‫ا‬ ‫سواالت‬ ‫یكسري‬ ‫ساسي‬ ‫بای‬ ‫كه‬ ‫دارند‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫د‬ ‫هنگا‬ ‫در‬ ‫م‬ ‫اجراي‬ PHA ‫پ‬ ‫شوند‬ ‫داده‬ ‫اسخ‬ . ‫است‬ ‫ممكن‬ ‫كه‬ ‫هرچند‬ ‫تعدادي‬ ‫از‬ ‫با‬ ‫ولي‬ ‫رسند‬ ‫بنظر‬ ‫آشكار‬ ‫و‬ ‫ساده‬ ‫بسیار‬ ‫شده‬ ‫یاد‬ ‫سواالت‬ ‫این‬ ‫و‬ ‫جود‬ ‫است‬ ‫الزم‬ ‫پرسن‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫این‬ ‫غیر‬ ‫در‬ ‫زیرا‬ ‫گیرند‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫توجه‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫ل‬ ‫و‬ ‫كامل‬ ‫درك‬ ‫به‬ ‫قادر‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫ایمني‬ ‫كننده‬ ‫ارزیابي‬ ‫دقی‬ ‫شناخت‬ ‫ق‬ ‫بود‬ ‫نخواهند‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫سیستم‬ .
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 17 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 17 17 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 17 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 17 ‫از‬ ‫بعضي‬ ‫این‬ ‫از‬ ‫عبارتند‬ ‫سواالت‬ : • ‫چیست؟‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫یا‬ ‫فرایند‬ • ‫نیز‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫آیا‬ ‫با‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫یا‬ ‫فرایند‬ ‫نظر‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫در‬ ‫ارتباطند‬ ‫؟‬ • ‫چیست؟‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫همیشگي‬ ‫و‬ ‫اصلي‬ ‫وظیفه‬ • ‫اس‬ ‫كدام‬ ‫دهد‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫را‬ ‫آن‬ ‫هرگز‬ ‫نبایستي‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫كه‬ ‫چیزي‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ت؟‬ • ‫استانداردها‬ ‫و‬ ‫قوانین‬ ‫آیا‬ ‫یي‬ ‫زمینه‬ ‫در‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫دارد؟‬ ‫وجود‬ • ‫است‬ ‫مورد‬ ٌ‫ال‬‫قب‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫تحت‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫مشابه‬ ‫سیستمي‬ ‫آیا‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫فاده‬ ‫است؟‬ ‫گرفته‬
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 18 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 18 18 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 18 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 18 ‫از‬ ‫بعضي‬ ‫این‬ ‫از‬ ‫عبارتند‬ ‫سواالت‬ : • ‫چیست؟‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫محصول‬ • ‫داد‬ ‫درون‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫چیست‬ ‫؟‬ • ‫داد‬ ‫برون‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫است‬ ‫کدام‬ ‫؟‬ • ‫انر‬ ‫حفاظهاي‬ ‫و‬ ‫منابع‬ ‫ژ‬ ‫دارن‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫كجا‬ ‫و‬ ‫بوده‬ ‫چه‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫در‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د؟‬ • ‫سیستم‬ ‫اصلي‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫کدامند؟‬ • ‫مورد‬ ‫امر‬ ‫این‬ ‫آیا‬ ‫و‬ ‫بخشید‬ ‫بهبود‬ ‫را‬ ‫كنترل‬ ‫توان‬ ‫مي‬ ‫چگونه‬ ‫شد؟‬ ‫خواهد‬ ‫واقع‬ ‫مدیریت‬ ‫قبول‬
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 19 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 19 19 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 19 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 19 PHA overview
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 20 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 20 20 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 20 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 20 Preliminary hazard analysis methodology
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 21 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 21 21 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 21 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 21 ‫از‬ ‫اي‬‫نمونه‬ ‫كاربرگ‬ PHA ‫طرح‬ ‫نام‬ : ‫صفحه‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ : ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫كننده‬‫يابي‬‫ز‬‫ار‬ ‫نام‬ : ‫يخ‬‫ر‬‫تا‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ : ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫نام‬ ‫سيستم‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬‫مو‬ ‫ي‬ ‫س‬‫ر‬‫بر‬ ‫وضعيت‬ ‫ي‬‫كار‬ ‫سيستم‬ ‫وضعيت‬ ‫نقص‬ ‫احتمالي‬ ‫سيستم‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬‫برآو‬ ‫ز‬‫و‬‫بر‬ ‫احتمال‬ ‫نقص‬ ‫خطر‬‫توصيف‬ ‫ز‬‫و‬‫بر‬‫از‬‫ي‬ ‫ناش‬ ‫نقص‬ ‫و‬‫بر‬ ‫اثرات‬ ‫ز‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫طبقه‬ ‫بندي‬ ‫شدت‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫هاي‬‫ل‬‫كنتر‬ ‫پيشنهاد‬ ‫ي‬ ‫توضيح‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 22 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 22 22 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 22 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 22 ‫مزایا‬ PHA • ‫گیرد‬ ‫می‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫سرعت‬ ‫به‬ ‫و‬ ‫است‬ ‫آسان‬ . • ‫فراه‬ ‫خوبی‬ ‫نتایج‬ ‫و‬ ‫است‬ ‫ارزان‬ ‫ها‬ ‫تکنیک‬ ‫سایر‬ ‫با‬ ‫مقایسه‬ ‫در‬ ‫می‬ ‫م‬ ‫کند‬ . • ‫فراه‬ ‫مخاطرات‬ ‫ارزیابی‬ ‫و‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫روی‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫با‬ ‫را‬ ‫زیادی‬ ‫دقت‬ ‫م‬ ‫کند‬ ‫می‬ . ‫کند‬ ‫می‬ ‫تقویت‬ ‫را‬ ‫ایمن‬ ‫طراحی‬ ‫لذا‬ . • ‫است‬ ‫منظمی‬ ‫تحلیل‬ ‫و‬ ‫تجزیه‬ ‫تکنیک‬ . • ‫ریس‬ ‫های‬ ‫نشانه‬ ‫و‬ ‫شود‬ ‫می‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫مخاطرات‬ ‫اکثریت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کند‬ ‫می‬ ‫فراهم‬ ‫را‬ ‫سیستم‬ . • ‫فرایند‬ ‫ارزیابی‬ ‫برای‬ PHA ‫است‬ ‫دسترس‬ ‫در‬ ‫تجاری‬ ‫افزار‬ ‫نرم‬ .
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 23 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 23 23 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 23 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 23 ‫معایب‬ PHA • ‫کند‬ ‫بینی‬ ‫پیش‬ ‫را‬ ‫مخاطرات‬ ‫باشد‬ ‫قادر‬ ‫باید‬ ‫تحلیلگر‬ . • ‫نظامدار‬ ‫متدولوژی‬ ‫روش‬ ‫و‬ ‫است‬ ‫تحلیلگر‬ ‫تجربیات‬ ‫تاثیر‬ ‫تحت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ندارد‬ . • ‫می‬ ‫لذا‬ ‫شود‬ ‫نمی‬ ‫مشخص‬ ‫آسانی‬ ‫به‬ ‫مخاطرات‬ ‫بین‬ ‫تعامالت‬ ‫اثرات‬ ‫نگیرد‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫کامل‬ ‫بطور‬ ‫تواند‬ . • PHA ‫خطاي‬ ‫بروز‬ ‫نحوه‬ ‫یا‬ ‫تركیبي‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫ارزیابي‬ ‫به‬ ‫قادر‬ ‫به‬ ‫غلط‬ ‫گیري‬‫نتیجه‬ ‫یك‬ ‫است‬ ‫ممكن‬ ‫بنابراین‬ ،‫باشد‬‫نمي‬ ‫همزمان‬ ‫ری‬ ‫بودن‬ ‫قبول‬ ‫قابل‬ ‫دلیل‬ ‫به‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫كل‬ ‫ریسك‬ ‫قبول‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫سك‬ ‫شود‬ ‫گرفته‬ ‫عناصر‬ ‫تك‬ .
Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 24 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 24 24 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 24 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 24 ‫معایب‬ PHA • ‫شود‬ ‫انتخاب‬ ‫ناكافي‬ ‫یا‬ ‫نامناسب‬ ‫عملیاتي‬ ‫فازهاي‬ ‫یا‬ ‫اهداف‬ ‫اگر‬ ‫فازهاي‬ ‫یا‬ ‫اهداف‬ ‫اگر‬ ‫دیگر‬ ‫طرف‬ ‫از‬ ،‫شد‬ ‫خواهد‬ ‫خطا‬ ‫دچار‬ ‫ارزیابي‬ ‫ش‬ ‫خواهد‬ ‫بر‬‫هزینه‬ ‫و‬ ‫گسترده‬ ‫فعالیتها‬ ‫سطح‬ ،‫شود‬ ‫انتخاب‬ ‫زیادي‬ ‫د‬ . • ‫است‬ ‫کیفی‬ ‫روش‬ . • ‫ندارد‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫ها‬ ‫یافته‬ ‫برای‬ ‫اولویتی‬ ‫هیچ‬ . ‫اصال‬ ‫اقدامات‬ ‫اکثر‬ ‫لذا‬ ‫حی‬ ‫دارند‬ ‫اصالحی‬ ‫ارزش‬ ‫بابت‬ ‫از‬ ‫یکسانی‬ ‫بار‬ .

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5 pha

  • 1. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 1 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 1 1 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 1 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 1 ‫خطر‬ ‫یا‬ ‫مخاطره‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫تحلیل‬ ‫و‬ ‫تجزیه‬ Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) ‫نیا‬ ‫غالم‬ ‫رضا‬ ‫بهشتی‬ ‫شهید‬ ‫پزشکی‬ ‫علوم‬ ‫دانشگاه‬ ‫علمی‬ ‫هیئت‬ ‫عضو‬
  • 2. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 2 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 2 2 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 2 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 2 ‫تاریخچه‬ • ‫تكنیك‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتي‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ( Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) ) ‫دهه‬ ‫اوایل‬ ‫در‬ ‫بار‬ ‫اولین‬ ‫براي‬ 50 ‫میالدي‬ ‫موشكها‬ ‫ایمني‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ‫براي‬ ‫آمریكا‬ ‫متحده‬ ‫ایاالت‬ ‫در‬ ‫ب‬ ‫پیش‬ ‫با‬ ‫ي‬ ‫رنده‬ ‫ب‬ ‫مایع‬ ‫شد‬ ‫گرفته‬ ‫كار‬ . ‫این‬ ‫ك‬ ‫این‬ ‫هوانوردي‬ ‫صنایع‬ ‫توسط‬ ‫روش‬ ‫شور‬ ‫ف‬ ‫نام‬ ‫تحت‬ ‫بوئینگ‬ ‫شركت‬ ‫بوسیله‬ ‫و‬ ‫آمده‬ ‫در‬ ‫قانونمند‬ ‫بصورت‬ ‫علي‬ ‫شد‬ ‫نامگذاري‬ . ‫مختلف‬ ‫صنایع‬ ‫به‬ ‫تكنیك‬ ‫این‬ ‫كاربرد‬ ‫این‬ ‫از‬ ‫پس‬ ‫یافت‬ ‫گسترش‬ ‫غیره‬ ‫و‬ ‫اي‬ ‫هسته‬ ،‫شیمیایي‬ ‫صنایع‬ ‫منجمله‬ .
  • 3. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 3 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 3 3 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 3 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 3 ‫اهداف‬ PHA ‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتي‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ‫منظور‬ ‫به‬ ‫که‬ ‫است‬ ‫کمي‬ ‫نیمه‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ‫روش‬ ‫یک‬ ‫پذیرید‬ ‫مي‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫زیر‬ ‫اهداف‬ : .1 ‫به‬ ‫است‬ ‫ممکن‬ ‫که‬ ‫اتفاقي‬ ‫رویدادهاي‬ ‫و‬ ‫بالقوه‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫شناسایي‬ ‫شود‬ ‫منجر‬ ‫اي‬ ‫حادثه‬ ‫بروز‬ . .2 ‫زیر‬ ‫روي‬ ‫بر‬ ‫خطرناك‬ ‫شرایط‬ ‫و‬ ‫عناصر‬ ‫این‬ ‫اثرات‬ ‫شناسایي‬ ‫پروژه‬ ‫كل‬ ،‫سیستم‬ ،‫سیستمها‬ .3 ‫آنها‬ ‫ریسک‬ ‫حسب‬ ‫بر‬ ‫شده‬ ‫شناسایي‬ ‫رویدادهاي‬ ‫بندي‬ ‫رده‬ .4 ‫اصالح‬ ‫اقدامات‬ ‫شناسایي‬ ‫و‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫براي‬ ‫الزم‬ ‫کنترلهاي‬ ‫تعیین‬ ‫ي‬
  • 4. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 4 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 4 4 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 4 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 4 ‫اهداف‬ 5 - ‫هاي‬‫داده‬ ‫آمد‬ ‫بدست‬ ‫از‬ ‫ه‬ PHA ‫ورودي‬ ‫یك‬ ‫موثر‬ ‫و‬ ‫مفید‬ ‫سایر‬ ‫براي‬ ‫ایمني‬ ‫فعالیتهاي‬ ‫ش‬ ‫راستاي‬ ‫در‬ ‫ذی‬ ‫موارد‬ ‫ناسایي‬ ‫بشمار‬ ‫ل‬ ‫مي‬ ‫رو‬ ‫د‬ : – ‫مشكل‬ ‫بالقوه‬ ‫مناطق‬ ‫آفرین‬ ‫با‬ ‫مرتبط‬ ‫بخشهاي‬ ‫افزار‬ ‫سخت‬ ‫ي‬ ، ‫افزار‬‫نرم‬ ‫ي‬ ‫آنها‬ ‫مشترك‬ ‫فصل‬ ‫یا‬ – ‫الزامات‬ ‫دستورالعمل‬ ‫ایمني‬ ‫طراحي‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ي‬ – ‫ایمني‬ ‫فعالیتهاي‬ ‫بندي‬‫الویت‬ – ‫بیشتر‬ ‫آنالیزهاي‬ ،‫تست‬ ‫به‬ ‫نیازمند‬ ‫موارد‬
  • 5. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 5 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 5 5 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 5 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 5 PHA • ‫ترک‬ ‫و‬ ‫پیشگیرانه‬ ‫اقدامات‬ ‫نوع‬ ‫اولیه‬ ‫تعریف‬ ‫امکان‬ ‫ابزار‬ ‫این‬ ‫از‬ ‫یبی‬ ‫کند‬ ‫می‬ ‫رافراهم‬ ‫مناسب‬ ‫طراحی‬ ‫پیشگیرانه‬ ‫اقدامات‬ . ‫ذک‬ ‫به‬ ‫الزم‬ ‫ر‬ ‫است‬ PHA ‫و‬ ‫گرفته‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫نظر‬ ‫تجدید‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫مداوم‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫به‬ ‫باید‬ ‫شود‬ ‫واقع‬ ‫بازبینی‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫پروژه‬ ‫عمر‬ ‫چرخه‬ ‫طول‬ ‫در‬ . • ‫ایمن‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ‫فرایند‬ ‫در‬ ‫تالش‬ ‫اولین‬ ‫معموال‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ف‬ ‫با‬ ‫مرتبط‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫بندی‬ ‫طبقه‬ ‫و‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫منظور‬ ‫به‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫عالیت‬ ‫مف‬ ‫فاز‬ ‫در‬ ّ‫ا‬‫ترجیح‬ ‫که‬ ‫است‬ ‫کار‬ ‫روش‬ ‫یا‬ ‫فرایند‬ ،‫سیستم‬ ‫یک‬ ‫یا‬ ‫هومی‬ ‫شود‬ ‫می‬ ‫اجراء‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫عمر‬ ‫چرخه‬ ‫از‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫طراحی‬ .
  • 6. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 6 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 6 6 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 6 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 6
  • 7. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 7 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 7 7 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 7 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 7 ‫مخاطره‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫فهرست‬ Preliminary Hazard List
  • 8. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 8 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 8 8 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 8 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 8 PHL • ‫مرتب‬ ‫موجود‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫روش‬ ‫یک‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫لیست‬ ‫ط‬ ‫لیس‬ ‫چک‬ ‫نظیر‬ ‫ابزارهایی‬ ‫از‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫با‬ ‫که‬ ‫است‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫طراحی‬ ‫با‬ ،‫ها‬ ‫ت‬ ‫رویداد‬ ‫و‬ ‫حوادث‬ ‫گزارش‬ ،‫تجهیزات‬ ‫تشریح‬ ‫و‬ ‫توصیف‬ ،‫خطر‬ ‫ماتریس‬ ،‫ها‬ ‫نظی‬ ‫از‬ ‫مواری‬ ‫و‬ ‫قبلی‬ ‫گزارشات‬ ‫مرور‬ ،‫مشابه‬ ‫مشاغل‬ ‫سوابق‬ ‫بررسی‬ ‫ر‬ ‫کند‬ ‫می‬ ‫اقدام‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫به‬ ‫آن‬ . ‫اطالعات‬ ‫کلیه‬ ‫بررسی‬ ‫از‬ ‫پس‬ ‫کرد‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫لیست‬ ‫تهیه‬ ‫به‬ ‫اقدام‬ ‫توان‬ ‫می‬ ‫موجود‬ . • ‫یک‬ PHL ‫اجرای‬ ‫برای‬ ‫اساسی‬ ‫و‬ ‫پایه‬ ‫تشکیل‬ ‫برای‬ ‫توان‬ ‫می‬ ‫را‬ ‫خوب‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫یک‬ PHA ‫داد‬ ‫گسترش‬ ‫پیش‬ ‫از‬ ‫بیش‬ . • ‫اولیه‬ ‫هدف‬ ‫آنجائیکه‬ ‫از‬ PHA ‫اولیه‬ ‫ارزیابی‬ ‫یک‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫و‬ ‫سازی‬ ‫مستند‬ ، ‫لذا‬ ‫است‬ ‫فرایند‬ ‫ابتدائی‬ ‫بسیار‬ ‫مراحل‬ ‫در‬ ‫شده‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫از‬ ‫عمر‬ ‫چرخه‬ ‫از‬ ‫اولیه‬ ‫مراحل‬ ‫همان‬ ‫در‬ ،‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتی‬ ‫لیست‬ ‫مطالعه‬
  • 9. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 9 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 9 9 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 9 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 9 Preliminary Hazard List (Form)
  • 10. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 10 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 10 10 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 10 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 10 PHL worksheet
  • 11. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 11 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 11 11 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 11 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 11 ‫جدول‬ ‫عناوین‬ PHL • ‫آمیز‬ ‫مخاطره‬ ‫واقعه‬ Hazardous Event : ‫مخاطره‬ ‫از‬ ‫توصیفی‬ ‫پذیرش‬ ‫غیرقابل‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ناخوشایند‬ ‫رخداد‬ ‫یا‬ • ‫علی‬ ‫عوامل‬ Causal Factors : ‫چگونه‬ ‫یا‬ ‫چرا‬ ‫اینکه‬ ‫از‬ ‫توصیفی‬ ‫شود‬ ‫ناگوار‬ ‫واقعه‬ ‫به‬ ‫منجر‬ ‫است‬ ‫ممکن‬ ‫مخاطره‬ • ‫سیستم‬ ‫اثرات‬ System Effects : ‫زیر‬ ،‫سیستم‬ ‫تواند‬ ‫می‬ ‫چطور‬ ‫ببیند‬ ‫صدمه‬ ‫فرد‬ ‫یا‬ ‫محیط‬ ،‫سیستم‬ . • ‫ریسک‬ ‫ارزیابی‬ ‫کد‬ RAC : ‫واقعه‬ ‫هر‬ ‫برای‬ ‫ریسک‬ ‫ارزیابی‬ ‫کد‬ ‫شود‬ ‫مشخص‬ ‫نشده‬ ‫کنترل‬ ‫مخاطره‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ناخوشایند‬ . • ‫مالحظات‬ Comments : ،‫استانداردها‬ ،‫کنترلی‬ ‫های‬ ‫توصیه‬ ‫مقررات‬ ،‫قوانین‬ .
  • 12. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 12 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 12 12 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 12 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 12 Preliminary hazard list overview
  • 13. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 13 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 13 13 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 13 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 13 overall PHL methodology
  • 14. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 14 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 14 14 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 14 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 14 PHL Analysis Process
  • 15. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 15 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 15 15 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 15 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 15 ‫اطالعات‬ ‫از‬ ‫عبارتند‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫مقدماتي‬ ‫آنالیز‬ ‫براي‬ ‫نیاز‬ ‫مورد‬ : .1 ‫آنالیزها‬ ‫و‬ ‫ها‬‫مشخصه‬ ،‫سناریوها‬ ،‫ها‬‫نقشه‬ .2 ‫خطر‬ ‫آنالیزهاي‬ ‫شده‬ ‫انجام‬ .3 ‫حوادث‬ ‫اطالعات‬ .4 ‫مشابه‬ ‫سیستمهاي‬ ‫تجربیات‬ .5 ‫آن‬ ‫كاركرد‬ ‫و‬ ‫محصول‬ ‫تولید‬ ‫از‬ ‫هدف‬ ‫و‬ ‫منظور‬ .6 ‫آنجا‬ ‫در‬ ‫محصول‬ ‫كه‬ ‫محیطي‬ ‫گرفت‬ ‫خواهد‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫استفاده‬ ‫مورد‬ .7 ‫افزارها‬ ‫سخت‬ ‫و‬ ‫تجهیزات‬ ‫یي‬ ‫محصول‬ ‫با‬ ‫همراه‬ ‫كه‬ ‫کارگرفت‬ ‫به‬ ‫ه‬ ‫شوند‬ ‫مي‬ .8 ‫محصول‬ ‫نهایي‬ ‫كننده‬ ‫مصرف‬ ‫براي‬ ‫عملیاتي‬ ‫معیارهاي‬
  • 16. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 16 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 16 16 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 16 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 16 ‫ا‬ ‫سواالت‬ ‫ساسي‬ • ‫کلي‬ ‫بطور‬ ‫ا‬ ‫سواالت‬ ‫یكسري‬ ‫ساسي‬ ‫بای‬ ‫كه‬ ‫دارند‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫د‬ ‫هنگا‬ ‫در‬ ‫م‬ ‫اجراي‬ PHA ‫پ‬ ‫شوند‬ ‫داده‬ ‫اسخ‬ . ‫است‬ ‫ممكن‬ ‫كه‬ ‫هرچند‬ ‫تعدادي‬ ‫از‬ ‫با‬ ‫ولي‬ ‫رسند‬ ‫بنظر‬ ‫آشكار‬ ‫و‬ ‫ساده‬ ‫بسیار‬ ‫شده‬ ‫یاد‬ ‫سواالت‬ ‫این‬ ‫و‬ ‫جود‬ ‫است‬ ‫الزم‬ ‫پرسن‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫این‬ ‫غیر‬ ‫در‬ ‫زیرا‬ ‫گیرند‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫توجه‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫ل‬ ‫و‬ ‫كامل‬ ‫درك‬ ‫به‬ ‫قادر‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫ایمني‬ ‫كننده‬ ‫ارزیابي‬ ‫دقی‬ ‫شناخت‬ ‫ق‬ ‫بود‬ ‫نخواهند‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫سیستم‬ .
  • 17. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 17 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 17 17 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 17 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 17 ‫از‬ ‫بعضي‬ ‫این‬ ‫از‬ ‫عبارتند‬ ‫سواالت‬ : • ‫چیست؟‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫یا‬ ‫فرایند‬ • ‫نیز‬ ‫افراد‬ ‫آیا‬ ‫با‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫یا‬ ‫فرایند‬ ‫نظر‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫در‬ ‫ارتباطند‬ ‫؟‬ • ‫چیست؟‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫همیشگي‬ ‫و‬ ‫اصلي‬ ‫وظیفه‬ • ‫اس‬ ‫كدام‬ ‫دهد‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫را‬ ‫آن‬ ‫هرگز‬ ‫نبایستي‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫كه‬ ‫چیزي‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ت؟‬ • ‫استانداردها‬ ‫و‬ ‫قوانین‬ ‫آیا‬ ‫یي‬ ‫زمینه‬ ‫در‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫مورد‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫دارد؟‬ ‫وجود‬ • ‫است‬ ‫مورد‬ ٌ‫ال‬‫قب‬ ‫مطالعه‬ ‫تحت‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫مشابه‬ ‫سیستمي‬ ‫آیا‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫فاده‬ ‫است؟‬ ‫گرفته‬
  • 18. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 18 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 18 18 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 18 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 18 ‫از‬ ‫بعضي‬ ‫این‬ ‫از‬ ‫عبارتند‬ ‫سواالت‬ : • ‫چیست؟‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫محصول‬ • ‫داد‬ ‫درون‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫چیست‬ ‫؟‬ • ‫داد‬ ‫برون‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫است‬ ‫کدام‬ ‫؟‬ • ‫انر‬ ‫حفاظهاي‬ ‫و‬ ‫منابع‬ ‫ژ‬ ‫دارن‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫كجا‬ ‫و‬ ‫بوده‬ ‫چه‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫در‬ ‫ي‬ ‫د؟‬ • ‫سیستم‬ ‫اصلي‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫کدامند؟‬ • ‫مورد‬ ‫امر‬ ‫این‬ ‫آیا‬ ‫و‬ ‫بخشید‬ ‫بهبود‬ ‫را‬ ‫كنترل‬ ‫توان‬ ‫مي‬ ‫چگونه‬ ‫شد؟‬ ‫خواهد‬ ‫واقع‬ ‫مدیریت‬ ‫قبول‬
  • 19. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 19 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 19 19 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 19 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 19 PHA overview
  • 20. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 20 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 20 20 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 20 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 20 Preliminary hazard analysis methodology
  • 21. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 21 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 21 21 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 21 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 21 ‫از‬ ‫اي‬‫نمونه‬ ‫كاربرگ‬ PHA ‫طرح‬ ‫نام‬ : ‫صفحه‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ : ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫كننده‬‫يابي‬‫ز‬‫ار‬ ‫نام‬ : ‫يخ‬‫ر‬‫تا‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ : ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫نام‬ ‫سيستم‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬‫مو‬ ‫ي‬ ‫س‬‫ر‬‫بر‬ ‫وضعيت‬ ‫ي‬‫كار‬ ‫سيستم‬ ‫وضعيت‬ ‫نقص‬ ‫احتمالي‬ ‫سيستم‬ ‫د‬‫ر‬‫برآو‬ ‫ز‬‫و‬‫بر‬ ‫احتمال‬ ‫نقص‬ ‫خطر‬‫توصيف‬ ‫ز‬‫و‬‫بر‬‫از‬‫ي‬ ‫ناش‬ ‫نقص‬ ‫و‬‫بر‬ ‫اثرات‬ ‫ز‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫طبقه‬ ‫بندي‬ ‫شدت‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫هاي‬‫ل‬‫كنتر‬ ‫پيشنهاد‬ ‫ي‬ ‫توضيح‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت‬
  • 22. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 22 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 22 22 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 22 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 22 ‫مزایا‬ PHA • ‫گیرد‬ ‫می‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫سرعت‬ ‫به‬ ‫و‬ ‫است‬ ‫آسان‬ . • ‫فراه‬ ‫خوبی‬ ‫نتایج‬ ‫و‬ ‫است‬ ‫ارزان‬ ‫ها‬ ‫تکنیک‬ ‫سایر‬ ‫با‬ ‫مقایسه‬ ‫در‬ ‫می‬ ‫م‬ ‫کند‬ . • ‫فراه‬ ‫مخاطرات‬ ‫ارزیابی‬ ‫و‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫روی‬ ‫تمرکز‬ ‫با‬ ‫را‬ ‫زیادی‬ ‫دقت‬ ‫م‬ ‫کند‬ ‫می‬ . ‫کند‬ ‫می‬ ‫تقویت‬ ‫را‬ ‫ایمن‬ ‫طراحی‬ ‫لذا‬ . • ‫است‬ ‫منظمی‬ ‫تحلیل‬ ‫و‬ ‫تجزیه‬ ‫تکنیک‬ . • ‫ریس‬ ‫های‬ ‫نشانه‬ ‫و‬ ‫شود‬ ‫می‬ ‫شناسایی‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫مخاطرات‬ ‫اکثریت‬ ‫ک‬ ‫کند‬ ‫می‬ ‫فراهم‬ ‫را‬ ‫سیستم‬ . • ‫فرایند‬ ‫ارزیابی‬ ‫برای‬ PHA ‫است‬ ‫دسترس‬ ‫در‬ ‫تجاری‬ ‫افزار‬ ‫نرم‬ .
  • 23. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 23 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 23 23 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 23 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 23 ‫معایب‬ PHA • ‫کند‬ ‫بینی‬ ‫پیش‬ ‫را‬ ‫مخاطرات‬ ‫باشد‬ ‫قادر‬ ‫باید‬ ‫تحلیلگر‬ . • ‫نظامدار‬ ‫متدولوژی‬ ‫روش‬ ‫و‬ ‫است‬ ‫تحلیلگر‬ ‫تجربیات‬ ‫تاثیر‬ ‫تحت‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ندارد‬ . • ‫می‬ ‫لذا‬ ‫شود‬ ‫نمی‬ ‫مشخص‬ ‫آسانی‬ ‫به‬ ‫مخاطرات‬ ‫بین‬ ‫تعامالت‬ ‫اثرات‬ ‫نگیرد‬ ‫انجام‬ ‫کامل‬ ‫بطور‬ ‫تواند‬ . • PHA ‫خطاي‬ ‫بروز‬ ‫نحوه‬ ‫یا‬ ‫تركیبي‬ ‫خطرات‬ ‫ارزیابي‬ ‫به‬ ‫قادر‬ ‫به‬ ‫غلط‬ ‫گیري‬‫نتیجه‬ ‫یك‬ ‫است‬ ‫ممكن‬ ‫بنابراین‬ ،‫باشد‬‫نمي‬ ‫همزمان‬ ‫ری‬ ‫بودن‬ ‫قبول‬ ‫قابل‬ ‫دلیل‬ ‫به‬ ‫سیستم‬ ‫كل‬ ‫ریسك‬ ‫قبول‬ ‫صورت‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫سك‬ ‫شود‬ ‫گرفته‬ ‫عناصر‬ ‫تك‬ .
  • 24. Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 24 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 24 24 Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 24 Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style • Click to edit Master text styles • Second level • Third level • Fourth level • Fifth level 24 ‫معایب‬ PHA • ‫شود‬ ‫انتخاب‬ ‫ناكافي‬ ‫یا‬ ‫نامناسب‬ ‫عملیاتي‬ ‫فازهاي‬ ‫یا‬ ‫اهداف‬ ‫اگر‬ ‫فازهاي‬ ‫یا‬ ‫اهداف‬ ‫اگر‬ ‫دیگر‬ ‫طرف‬ ‫از‬ ،‫شد‬ ‫خواهد‬ ‫خطا‬ ‫دچار‬ ‫ارزیابي‬ ‫ش‬ ‫خواهد‬ ‫بر‬‫هزینه‬ ‫و‬ ‫گسترده‬ ‫فعالیتها‬ ‫سطح‬ ،‫شود‬ ‫انتخاب‬ ‫زیادي‬ ‫د‬ . • ‫است‬ ‫کیفی‬ ‫روش‬ . • ‫ندارد‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫ها‬ ‫یافته‬ ‫برای‬ ‫اولویتی‬ ‫هیچ‬ . ‫اصال‬ ‫اقدامات‬ ‫اکثر‬ ‫لذا‬ ‫حی‬ ‫دارند‬ ‫اصالحی‬ ‫ارزش‬ ‫بابت‬ ‫از‬ ‫یکسانی‬ ‫بار‬ .