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What’s in a name? The legal
implications of certification
Katherine Hawes
(BA,LLB, MML, LLM, EdM,)
Principal Solicitor - Aquarius Lawyers
www.aquariuslawyer.com.au
Aquarius Lawyers 2017
What is sustainability?
Aquarius Lawyers 2017
There is no simple definition of 'sustainability'. It can be an
idea, a property of living systems, a manufacturing
method or a way of life. In fact, there may be as many
definitions of sustainability as there are people trying to
define it.
However, most definitions include:
 living within the limits of what the environment can
provide
 understanding the many interconnections between
economy, society and the environment
 the equal distribution of resources and opportunities.
A few more legal issues -
30 different
standards
Eco labelling
Environmental
labelling
Social
labelling
Aquarius Lawyers 2017
Yet more legal issues
 Voluntary
 Not about quality of the product
 Third Parties not regulated by the State
 Objections – transparency in the process
Aquarius Lawyers 2017
Think about these terms
“free range eggs”
“natural”
“fresh”
These is were labelling requires hard law rather
than soft.
Aquarius Lawyers 2017
Aquarius Lawyers 2017
The legal status of certification
Certification is self regulated. Largely run by
private bodies.
There are guidelines, policies and procedures by
these are soft law
Certification by NGO’s and third parties remains
largely unregulated by State institutions
Japan and Iceland have regulations
Aquarius Lawyers 2017
The legal status of certification
No international law is directly binding on
certify bodies
No legal duty exists under public international
law to which certifying and accrediting bodies
are obliged to follow the guidelines adopted
by FAO or the ISO standard
Aquarius Lawyers 2017
The legal status of certification
 Use of labels has become an international
trade issue and received special mention ins
the Doha round of WTO
 Correct use of labels is an issue because
may countries disagree on which practises
shall qualify for specific labels
 Some countries fear labels can be used as
hidden barriers to trade
Aquarius Lawyers 2017
Labelling Laws in EU
Fisheries products into the EU must state the
following:
 Production method
 Catch area of wild species
 Country of production
 Latin name
 Commercial name
Aquarius Lawyers 2017
Too Many Labels
Aquarius Lawyers 2017
Aquarius Lawyers 2017

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Legal issue of Seafood Labelling - Power of the label

  • 1. What’s in a name? The legal implications of certification Katherine Hawes (BA,LLB, MML, LLM, EdM,) Principal Solicitor - Aquarius Lawyers www.aquariuslawyer.com.au
  • 3. What is sustainability? Aquarius Lawyers 2017 There is no simple definition of 'sustainability'. It can be an idea, a property of living systems, a manufacturing method or a way of life. In fact, there may be as many definitions of sustainability as there are people trying to define it. However, most definitions include:  living within the limits of what the environment can provide  understanding the many interconnections between economy, society and the environment  the equal distribution of resources and opportunities.
  • 4. A few more legal issues - 30 different standards Eco labelling Environmental labelling Social labelling Aquarius Lawyers 2017
  • 5. Yet more legal issues  Voluntary  Not about quality of the product  Third Parties not regulated by the State  Objections – transparency in the process Aquarius Lawyers 2017
  • 6. Think about these terms “free range eggs” “natural” “fresh” These is were labelling requires hard law rather than soft. Aquarius Lawyers 2017
  • 8. The legal status of certification Certification is self regulated. Largely run by private bodies. There are guidelines, policies and procedures by these are soft law Certification by NGO’s and third parties remains largely unregulated by State institutions Japan and Iceland have regulations Aquarius Lawyers 2017
  • 9. The legal status of certification No international law is directly binding on certify bodies No legal duty exists under public international law to which certifying and accrediting bodies are obliged to follow the guidelines adopted by FAO or the ISO standard Aquarius Lawyers 2017
  • 10. The legal status of certification  Use of labels has become an international trade issue and received special mention ins the Doha round of WTO  Correct use of labels is an issue because may countries disagree on which practises shall qualify for specific labels  Some countries fear labels can be used as hidden barriers to trade Aquarius Lawyers 2017
  • 11. Labelling Laws in EU Fisheries products into the EU must state the following:  Production method  Catch area of wild species  Country of production  Latin name  Commercial name Aquarius Lawyers 2017
  • 12. Too Many Labels Aquarius Lawyers 2017

Editor's Notes

  1. These are some of the legal issues that arise when we start to talk about sustainability and labelling of products.
  2. Certification is based on a set of guidelines around what is to be included and excluded. Certification in aquaculture takes an enterprise level approach. Some things are excluded – such as distribution and transport costs. This use of sustainability has no legal definiton – many of the terms used in labelling have not been legally defined.
  3. Certifying organisations are not bound to international and european standards, and if certification and accreditation schemes are established