It is the process of examining a sample of blood or other body fluids or tissue for the diagnosis of vulnerabilities to inherited disease.

1. GENETIC TESTING

2. GENETICS
❖ Branch of biology deals with study of genes,genetic variation and other
heredity in organisms.
❖ Genetic technologies help to develop targeted medicines for certain diseases.
❖ Genetics offers wide range of applications.
Eg: Genetic fingerprinting used to catch criminals.

3. GENETIC TESTING
● It is the process of examining a sample of blood or other body fluids or
tissue for the diagnosis of vulnerabilities to inherited disease.

4. TYPES OF GENETIC TESTING
● Newborn Screening
● Diagnostic Testing
● Carrier Testing
● Prenatal Testing
● Preimplementation Testing
● Predective and Presymptomatic Testing
● Forensic Testing

5. NEWBORN SCREENING
● To identify the genetic disorders of a newborn baby.
● Can be treated early in life.
● Phenylketonuria - genetic disorder that causes intellectual disability
● Hypothyroidism- disorder of thyroid gland

6. DIAGNOSTIC TESTING
● To identify a specific genetic or chromosomal condition.
● Can be performed before birth.
● Also be done at any time in persons life.
● Can influence a person’s health care choice.
● Helps to manage the disorder.

7. CARRIER TESTING
● Identification of person who carry one copy of gene mutation.
● Used in persons having family history of genetic disorder

8. PRENATAL TESTING
● To detect changes in a fetus’s genes or chromosomes before birth.
● Testing is offered during pregnancy.
● Cannot identify all possible inherited disorders and birth defects.

9. PREIMPLEMENTATION TESTING
● Known as Preimplementation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)
● Reduces the risk of having a child with a particular genetic or
chromosomal disorder.
● Detect genetic changes in embryos created in in-vitro fertilization.

10. PREDECTIVE AND PRESYMPTOMATIC
TESTING
● Done after birth.
● To detect gene mutation associated with disorders.
● Predective testing- identify mutations eg:cancer
● Presymptomatic testing - determine whether a person will develop a
genetic disorder.
● Help with making decision about medical care.

11. FORENSIC TESTING
● Uses DNA sequences to identify an individual for legal purposes.
● Not used to identify gene mutation.
● Helps to identify the crime.
● To establish biological relationships.

12. THANK YOU