Equality in Fife Report

EQUALITY IN FIFE
Fife Centre for Equalities
DECEMBER 2018

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EQUALITY IN FIFE: DECEMBER 2018
Overview
About this report
This document is designed to assist organisations
of any sector in their commitment to promoting
equality of opportunity and more importantly to
fulfil their responsibilities under the Equality Act
2010, which passed into law on 1 October 2010.
The Act brings together over 116 separate pieces
of legislation into one single Act that provides a
consistent legal framework to protect the rights of
individuals and advance equality of opportunity for
all.
Public, private or voluntary organisations receiving
public funding and/or carrying out public functions1
are further subject to the general equality duty and must have due regard to the need to:
• Eliminate unlawful discrimination, harassment and victimisation and other conduct
prohibited by the Act.
• Advance equality of opportunity between people who share a protected
characteristic and those who do not.
• Foster good relations between people who share a protected characteristic and
those who do not.
‘Due regard’ involves a range of actions such as:
• Removing or minimising disadvantages suffered by people due to their protected
characteristics.
• Taking steps to meet the needs of people from protected groups where these are
different from the needs of other people.
• Encouraging people from protected groups to participate in public life or in other
activities where their participation is disproportionately low.
The protected characteristics or ‘equality groups’2 that are referred to are:
• Age
• Disability
• Gender reassignment
1 Where a private or voluntary organisation provides a ‘public function’ it is then subject to the general
equality duty. Public function are carried out on behalf of the State are not similar in kind to services that
could be performed by private people or by private or voluntary organisations. Examples include when a
private company manages a prison or when a voluntary organisation takes on responsibilities for child
protection. Further duties towards equality exist for certain public bodies (see Appendix 3).
2 An equality group is a group of individuals who share the same protected characteristics.
Figure 1 Equality Act 2010

2
• Marriage and civil partnership
• Pregnancy and maternity
• Race
• Religion and belief
• Sex (Gender)
• Sexual orientation.
Aims
We aim to support organisations in the ‘due regard’ for advancing equality by fostering
openness and transparency about known and enduring patterns of inequality.
We know that people with protected characteristics face complex barriers that prevent
them from accessing services that could make major improvements in their life outcomes.
We also know that we can use public data to estimate how many individuals could access
services if those barriers were addressed and we hope that the information in this report
can provide organisations the initial evidence base for developing inclusive policies and
practice that can meet the needs of the diverse communities in Fife.
Finally, we aim to build a wider understanding and collective movement for equality that
encourages people from any protected groups to participate fully in all areas of life.
Methodology
For each characteristic3, we report local and national data collated under the domains of:
Education, Work, Living Standards, Health, Justice and Personal Security, Participation4.
Those are specifically chosen so as to be relevant to individuals and cut across several
organisations or institutions interacted with in a lifetime.
As several sections overlap, they may contain the same information however, if data is
available for the intersection of two or more protected characteristics and there is a known
impact on life outcomes of an equality group, this is expanded in more detail, e.g. Age and
Sex in relation to Life Expectancy, Gender and Race in relation to Work, etc5.
We use a consistent format (see Appendix 5) and report on local and national data.
Information is presented ‘as is’, in tables or figures with all sources referenced. We do not
‘edit’ out topics and where there is a lack of data, we use a simple estimation model,
described with its limitations.
3 The ‘Age’ protected characteristics is split in four groups: 1) Fife’s population, 2) Children and Young
People, 3) Working Age Adults and 4) Older People.
4 These headings are chosen so as to be person-centred (i.e. not based on specific services) and adapted
from the EHRC Human Rights and Equality Measurement Framework so as to be able to map local patterns
of inequality against a national (Scotland / UK) background. For more details see Appendix 4 and Appendix 5
5 Those sections of the report will contain the same information, but might have additional information relating
to the specific protected characteristic.

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How to use this report
To use this report format, you require a PDF reader (such as Adobe Acrobat Reader or
SlimPDF). The easiest way to navigate to the section you are looking for is through the
Bookmarks feature.
Figure 2 Using Adobe Reader to Navigate the Equality in Fife Report
You can search and jump directly to specific topics, and also add your own Bookmarks for
quick reference. We also use a set colours and icons below to help illustrate and navigate
sections relevant to each protected characteristic. Those are visible in the table of
contents and at the bottom of each section:
Age Disability
Gender
Reassignment
Marriage and
Civil
Partnership
Pregnancy
and Maternity
Race
Religion
and Belief Sex (Gender) Sexual Orientation
Figure 3 Protected Characteristics icons used in this report

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Disclaimer
We recognise that this report is limited in depth and we are also aware of several data
gaps6 in equality evidence. We welcome and encourage contributions to improve
accuracy, raise awareness and understanding of issues not presented here. If you would
like to tell us about your experiences of barriers to equality, tell us through our Community
Concerns Register.
The sources used are varied and from different years and surveys (e.g. Census 2011,
Scottish Household Survey 2015, National Records of Scotland Year estimates 2017) and
while the latest available public data was used by default, some figures may appear
contradictory. If in doubt, or if you spot any errors in the report, please contact us for
clarification.
Unless specified otherwise, data and statistics used in this report apply, applies to Fife as
a whole. Where there was no Local Authority level data available on specific topics,
national (Scotland) statistics are used as a starting point, on the assumption that Fife
follows national trends on several areas. For more detailed geographical information,
please see the section below on Fife’s localities.
Fife Centre for Equalities will add further data and update on a regular basis to ensure that
it remains as relevant as possible. Feel free to share this report, adapt or modify it for
non-commercial use, please refer to Fife Centre for Equalities as the original source. For
full details of the license, click here.
External links have been verified and were valid on 21 December 2018. If you are looking
instead for analysis, briefings and advice on specific topics, contact us.
Please note that this report, yearly summary factsheets7 and thematic analysis will be
available online at:
Fife Equality Statistics
https://centreforequalities.org.uk/fife-equality-statistics/
6 FCE (May 2018) Report - Equality Evidence: Identifying Data Gaps in Fife. (available on request)
7 See Appendix 2 for summary factsheets and download links

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About Fife’s geography and localities
Figure 4 Fife’s Seven Localities and Area Committee Regions
Source: Fife Council (October 2017) Draft Plan for Fife 2017-2027
Historically, Fife is one of the most distinctive regions in Scotland. It is still commonly
referred to as the Kingdom of Fife and is a peninsula situated between the Firth of Tay to
the north and the Firth of Forth to the south. Fife is Scotland’s third largest local authority
area by population and Fife Council’s headquarters is located in Glenrothes. It is
governed through 7 Local Community Planning areas as per the ‘Your View Matters’
consultation report on 7 January 2015. Those localities overlap with the Health and Social
Care Locality Clusters and are8:
• Cowdenbeath
• Dunfermline
• Glenrothes
• Kirkcaldy
• Levenmouth
• North East Fife
• South West Fife
Detailed local knowledge and cross-analysis is also provided by the Improvement Service
Community Planning Outcomes Profile tool. This is publicly accessible (direct link here).
8 Links open the Know Fife profile for each locality, with further detailed data on its Population, Health and
Wellbeing, Economy, Education, Poverty and Deprivation, Housing, Ethnicity & Identity.

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About Fife Centre for Equalities
Fife Centre for Equalities (FCE) was established in
April 2014, as a joint initiative between Fife
Council, Fife Voluntary Action and NHS Fife. FCE
became an independent body on 1 July 2016. We
work with partners and communities to make Fife a
fair, equal and inclusive place to live, work and
study.
What we want to bring about through our work:
• Individuals feel respected, safe and have the freedom to lead a fulfilling life where they
live, work or study;
• Individuals and groups feel better connected and are able to contribute to public policy
and the planning and delivery of local services;
• Groups, whether already established or just getting started, have the tools they need
to engage with their local community in a positive and inclusive way;
• Third, public and private sector organisations demonstrate best practice in equality,
diversity and inclusion.
In essence, we are a local information and resource centre that helps organisations and
businesses with:
• Building skills and confidence in managing equality issues;
• Creating innovative inclusive practices;
• Unlocking untapped talents;
• Improving reachability and responsiveness to service users and customers.
We also support individuals and communities with:
• Dismantling societal and structural barriers;
• Strengthening self-confidence to be themselves;
• Building a universal voice to champion equality, diversity, inclusion and social justice.
Figure 5 Fife Centre for Equalities Logo

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Contents
Overview..............................................................................................................................1
About this report........................................................................................................................1
Aims............................................................................................................................................2
Methodology ..............................................................................................................................2
How to use this report...............................................................................................................3
Disclaimer ..................................................................................................................................4
About Fife’s geography and localities...................................................................................... 5
About Fife Centre for Equalities ............................................................................................... 6
Contents.....................................................................................................................................7
Fife’s Population and Age.........................................................................................11
What do we know about Age and Equality? .......................................................................... 12
Interesting #EqualityFacts about Age and Fife’s Population ............................................... 12
Demography............................................................................................................................. 14
Employment and Living Standards ........................................................................................ 21
Health and Social Care............................................................................................................ 32
Justice and Personal Security................................................................................................ 37
Participation............................................................................................................................. 42
Children and Young People......................................................................................44
Demography............................................................................................................................. 44
Education ................................................................................................................................. 45
Employment and Young People ............................................................................................. 50
Living Standards...................................................................................................................... 52
Political and civic participation and representation.............................................................. 62
Working Age ..............................................................................................................63
Demographics.......................................................................................................................... 63
Employment and Unemployment ........................................................................................... 65
Health .......................................................................................................................................76
Participation............................................................................................................................. 81
Older People ..............................................................................................................83

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Demography............................................................................................................................. 83
Participation............................................................................................................................. 92
Disability.....................................................................................................................95
What do we know about Disability and Equality? ................................................................. 95
Interesting #EqualityFacts about Disability in Fife................................................................ 95
Demography............................................................................................................................. 96
Education ............................................................................................................................... 103
Work ....................................................................................................................................... 108
Living Standards.................................................................................................................... 111
Health ..................................................................................................................................... 116
Justice and Personal Security.............................................................................................. 117
Participation and Representation......................................................................................... 120
Gender Reassignment.............................................................................................123
What do we know about Gender Reassignment and Equality?.......................................... 123
Interesting #EqualityFacts about Gender Reassignment in Fife........................................ 124
Demography........................................................................................................................... 124
Education ............................................................................................................................... 127
Work ....................................................................................................................................... 128
Health ..................................................................................................................................... 129
Participation........................................................................................................................... 131
Marriage and Civil Partnership...............................................................................135
What do we know about Marriage & Civil Partnership and Equality?................................ 135
Interesting facts about Marriage & Civil Partnership in Fife............................................... 135
Demography........................................................................................................................... 135
Health ..................................................................................................................................... 138
Pregnancy and Maternity........................................................................................140
What do we know about Pregnancy & Maternity and Equality?......................................... 140
Interesting facts about Pregnancy & Maternity in Fife........................................................ 140
Demography........................................................................................................................... 140
Work ....................................................................................................................................... 141

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Health ..................................................................................................................................... 142
Race..........................................................................................................................144
What do we know about Race and Equality?....................................................................... 144
Interesting facts about Race in Fife...................................................................................... 144
Demography........................................................................................................................... 145
Education ............................................................................................................................... 152
Work ....................................................................................................................................... 158
Health ..................................................................................................................................... 166
Participation........................................................................................................................... 171
Religion and belief ...............................................................................................173
What do we know about Religion and Belief and Equality? ............................................... 173
Interesting facts about Religion and Belief in Fife .............................................................. 173
Demography........................................................................................................................... 173
Education ............................................................................................................................... 176
Work ....................................................................................................................................... 176
Health ..................................................................................................................................... 177
Participation........................................................................................................................... 181
Sex (Gender).........................................................................................................182
What do we know about Sex (Gender) and Equality? ......................................................... 182
Interesting facts about Sex (Gender) in Fife ........................................................................ 182
Demography........................................................................................................................... 183
Education ............................................................................................................................... 185
Work ....................................................................................................................................... 190
Health ..................................................................................................................................... 198
Participation........................................................................................................................... 210
Sexual Orientation ...............................................................................................211
What do we know about Sexual Orientation and Equality?................................................ 211
Interesting facts about Sexual Orientation ................. in Fife Public surveys still report low
proportions of people reporting as LGB & other The SSCQ 2018 estimate reports 1.8%
people identifying as LGB & other and 95.36% identifying reporting as Heterosexual

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nationally. In Fife, this was 1.6% (a +0.3% increase, giving an approximate figure of
number of 4900) and 96.2% as heterosexual. ...................................................................... 211
More likely estimates indicate 5%~7% of the population More recent estimates from the
NRS population and the Stonewall and Scottish Government LGBT estimates, gives an
approximate LGBT population in Fife as being between 18570 and 26000 people........... 211
Sexual orientation aggravated crime is the second most common type of hate crime. The
number of charges reported increased by 3% in 2017-18 to 1,112. ................................... 211
People who are LGBT are twice as likely to experience discrimination or harassment Due
to the small sample size of Fife LGBO people in the Scottish Household Survey, local level
statistics are reliable at this time however national figures indicate that LGBO people over
twice as likely to experience discrimination (15% vs 6%) and harassment (17% vs 6%). As
the population and makeup of Fife follows several characteristics of the national average,
the local statistic is likely to very close. .......................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Demography........................................................................................................................... 211
Education ............................................................................................................................... 213
Work ....................................................................................................................................... 214
Health ..................................................................................................................................... 216
Participation........................................................................................................................... 220
What did we miss?...............................................................................................221
 Tell us about your experience of (in)Equality in Fife................................................... 221
Contact:.................................................................................................................................. 221
License ................................................................................................................................... 222
APPENDIX 1: Keywords and themes ............................................................................223
APPENDIX 2: Fife Equality Fact Sheets (2017-based) .................................................224
APPENDIX 3: Public Authorities with Equality Act 2010 Specific Duties in Fife.......225
APPENDIX 4: EHR / SDG / NPF Frameworks................................................................226
APPENDIX 5: Report Pro-forma.....................................................................................227
APPENDIX 6: Reference Tables and Figures ...............................................................228
List of Tables.......................................................................................................................... 228
List of Figures........................................................................................................................ 232

Age and Population 11
Fife’s Population and Age
The population estimate in mid-2017 for the total population of Fife is
371,410, equivalent to 6.84% of the population of Scotland, with 48.5% of
Fifers being male and 51.5% female. The 3 main age groups9 used in this
report are:
• Children and Young People (0-15)
• Working age adults (16-64 years)
• Older People (65 and over)
Children make up 17% of Fifers; 62% are of Working Age and with an increase of 1% on
the previous year, 21% are of Pensionable Age. The population structure of Fife maintains
the previous year profile of having slightly young people (under 16) and older people,
while having fewer people of working age than the national average.
Fife’s age groups:
Count Percentage
Persons Males Females Persons Males Females
All aged under 16 64333 33029 31304 17% 18% 16%
All aged under 18 72081 37071 35010 19% 21% 18%
All aged 16 & over 307077 147283 159794 83% 82% 84%
All aged 18 & over 299329 143241 156088 81% 79% 82%
Working age 230159 113548 116611 62% 63% 61%
Pension age 76918 33735 43183 21% 19% 23%
All aged 65 & over 74592 33735 40857 20% 19% 21%
All aged 75 & over 32089 13459 18630 9% 7% 10%
All aged 85 & over 8587 3027 5560 2% 2% 3%
All 371,410 180,312 191,098 48.5% 51.5%
Table 1 Age groups and sex structure of Fife in 2017
Source: NRS Estimated population mid-2017 (19 April 2018)
9 Other age ranges are used where most relevant, such as 16-24 for Young People in education, or 85+ for
Very Old People in care.

What do we know about Age and Equality?
It is important to know that age is not a defined by the Equality Act as a
specific age group. It could be narrow or wide, or it could be relative, for
example ‘younger than me’ and can be a particular age10 or can be persons
of a specific age (for example 40-year olds) or those belonging to a specific
age group (for example 0-15 or 16-64-year-olds).
Interesting #EqualityFacts about Age and Fife’s Population
Patterns across age groups in the past year
Diminishing community cohesion
In 2017, there was a drop recorded by the Scottish Household Survey in the proportion of
people reporting to belong ‘Very Strongly’ to their community. This compares to 2016
when the strength of belonging to community was reported lower in the 16-39 age group
and ‘Not Very Strong’ for the 40-59s and 60+ in Fife compared to Scotland as a whole.
Lower crime overall, except for sexual crimes and discrimination in working age
The rate of recorded crime in Fife tends to be lower than the national level across all types
of crime, with the exception of Sexual Crimes, which is at a rate of 30 recorded per 10000
population.
An additional 11% of households struggling financially
Fife households overall report to be managing less well than in the previous year (54% in
2017, compared to 65% in 2016) and the 65+ age group remains relatively better off (69%
compared to 67% nationally), however this is noticeably lower than the 78% recorded in
2016.
Children and Young People
Child poverty gap at 30.9%
The child poverty gap between the 10% most deprived and 10% least deprived areas in
Fife is at -30.9%, dropping from 31.1% last year. This level is comparable to the national
child poverty gap of -32.3%.
Access to health and dental care
Untreated dental decay is a persisting issue in Fife with 24% of P1 children with current
decay in 2018, which is slightly above the national average. Data for P7 children is also
consistent for this, with 32.72% of children inspected requiring to seek dental care in the
near future due to history of tooth decay (i.e. receiving B letters from the NHS board). This
compares with 2017 when across Scotland, 9.5% of P7 children had untreated decay, with
the lowest being 1.6% in NHS Orkney to the highest being 14.4% in NHS Fife.
Ongoing issue in employment of younger people
Despite being the most highly educated generation in history, young people still
systemically struggle in the labour market. This is a consistent pattern in Fife and at the
national level11. The claimant count is high locally across all age groups, but this is higher
for those aged 18-21 (5.8%) and also in to the 18-24 age group (5.5%).
10 EHRC (March 2017) Equality Act 2010 - Handbook for Advisors [Scotland] p6
11 Scottish government (2017) The Life Chances of Young People in Scotland

Increase in Fifers of the 16-39 age group reporting experiencing discrimination
There was an increase in reported experiences of discrimination in the 16-39 age group
from 9% in 2016 to 14% in 2017.
Adults of working age
Increase in Fifers of the 16-39 age group reporting experiencing discrimination
from 9% in 2016 to 14% in 2017. Across other age groups this has adjusted to meet the
lower national average, e.g. 40-59 age group reported in 2016 a lower experience of
discrimination and harassment than Scotland on average (2% vs 7%) and by 2017 this
was identical at 6%.
Wages increasing slowly for full-time workers
By end 2018, people of working age who live in Fife were paid on average £543.40 per
week for full time workers, less than Scotland’s average of £562.70 per week. A higher
proportion in Fife of 18-24-year-olds are claiming benefits (5.5% vs 3.8% at Scotland level)
and also 5.5% of 18-21 year-olds, increasing from May 2018.
Financial insecurity during working age
The 16-39 bracket was more likely to ‘get by’ (46%) or not manage well (10%), compared
to households of older (65+) people, of which 69% managed well financially
Diminishing community cohesion
In 2017, there was a drop recorded by the Scottish Household Survey in the proportion of
people reporting to belong ‘Very Strongly’ to their community. This compares to 2016
when the strength of belonging to community was reported lower in the 16-39 age group
and ‘Not Very Strong’ for the 40-59s and 60+ in Fife compared to Scotland as a whole.
Older People
Health Inequality in older age by SIMD
There is also a marked difference in the number of emergency admissions of 65+ year
olds, with 10,745 fewer admissions in 2015 in the 10% least deprived households in Fife
compared to the most.
Services responding to older people’s needs despite cuts
People that are 65+ on average tend to report local services positively and that the local
authority provides services designed for needs and does its best with money available;
with lower scores for people in the 16-39 and 40-64 age groups.
Diminishing financial security for older people
In 2017, 69% of households in Fife for which the age highest income householder was 65+
managed well financially, which is higher than the national average (67%) but is a
considerable drop from 78% in 2016. Gender effects are present in this distribution with
60% of males managing well vs 46% of females.
More care hours but fewer recipients
Home care clients receive on average more hours of care in Fife, at 17.1 compared to 11.7
in Scotland. However the proportion of people aged 65+ receiving care is lower at 12.3 per
1000 in Fife compared 16.9 nationally.

Demography
Over the past 10 years, Fife has a seen an increase in the population of 3.5%, which is
slowing down and less than Scotland’s average (4.9%) and much less than the City of
Edinburgh (12.5%). Argyll and Bute has seen the biggest drop in population of -4.9%.
Natural
change
Net civilian
migration and
other changes
Percentage
population
change
Scotland 0.4 4.5 4.9
Argyll & Bute -3.7 -0.7 -4.4
Fife 0.7 2.8 3.5
City of Edinburgh 2.4 10.1 12.5
Table 2 Percent Population change in Fife, Other Councils and Scotland
Source: NRS Components of population change for council areas: mid-2007 to mid-2017
The tables below show a further breakdown of the population number distribution in 5-
year groups for Fife and Scotland:
Children and Young People (0-14)
Area All Ages 0 - 4 5 - 9 10 - 14
Scotland 5,424,800 282,106 301,951 280,097
Fife 371,410 19,405 21,454 19,826
Males Scotland 2,640,300 145,116 154,124 143,480
Males Fife 180,312 9,994 11,001 10,154
Females Scotland 2,784,500 136,990 147,827 136,617
Females Fife 191,098 9,411 10,453 9,672
Table 3 Fife and Scotland Population breakdown, 0-14. Mid-2017 estimates
Working Age (including Young People (15-24) and Adults (25-64)
Area 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39
Scotland 290,040 356,609 382,248 355,080 339,053
Fife 20,533 24,391 22,081 20,913 21,828
Males Scotland 148,274 179,137 190,376 174,490 166,226
Males Fife 10,533 11,999 10,799 10,006 10,549
Females Scotland 141,766 177,472 191,872 180,590 172,827
Females Fife 10,000 12,392 11,282 10,907 11,279
Area 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64

Scotland 325,033 385,070 407,049 378,886 329,011
Fife 21,964 26,805 27,986 26,456 23,176
Males Scotland 159,473 185,460 197,378 184,607 159,938
Males Fife 10,808 12,963 13,561 12,940 11,270
Females Fife 11,156 13,842 14,425 13,516 11,906
Pensionable Age (includes Older People (65+) and Very Old People (90+))
Area 65 - 69 70 - 74 75 - 79 80 - 84 85 - 89 90+
Scotland 305,066 259,530 188,262 137,893 80,091 41,725
Fife 22,609 19,894 13,652 9,850 5,518 3,069
Males Scotland 147,373 122,353 83,611 57,034 29,462 12,388
Males Fife 10,787 9,489 6,255 4,177 2,080 947
Females Scotland 157,693 137,177 104,651 80,859 50,629 29,337
Females Fife 11,822 10,405 7,397 5,673 3,438 2,122
Table 6 Fife and Scotland Population breakdown, 65-90+. Mid-2017 estimates
Source: NRS Estimated population by sex, five year age group and administrative area,
mid-2017 Table 3
Fife’s population has grown by 0.3% in the past year, which is slightly less than the
national average:
Estimated
population
30 June 2016
Births Deaths
Natural
change
Estimated
net civilian
migration1
Other
changes2
Scotland 5,404,700 53,436 57,246 -3,810 23,855 55
Fife 370,330 3,592 4,142 -550 1,524 106
Estimated
population
30 June 2017
Population
change
Number %
Scotland 5,424,800 20,100 0.4
Fife 371,410 1,080 0.3
Table 7 Population Change in Fife and Scotland
Source: NRS Estimated population by sex, five year age group and administrative area,
mid-2017 Table 4
Population and recent migration (2015-2016)
There is a much smaller variation in migration numbers in Fife when compared to

Scotland as a whole. The net migration to Fife in 2016 was +1524, less than last year’s
total of +1608.
In-migration
Total
Within
Scotland
Rest of
UK
Overseas
SCOTLAND2
80,468 n/a 47,568 32,900
Fife 11,165 6,443 3,042 1,680
Out-migration
Total
Within
Scotland
Rest of
UK
Overseas
SCOTLAND2
56,613 n/a 37,113 19,500
Fife 9,641 6,246 2,386 1,009
Table 8 Migration to and from Fife and Scotland
Net migration
Total
Within
Scotland
Rest of
UK
Overseas
SCOTLAND2
23,855 0 10,455 13,400
Fife 1,524 197 656 671
Table 9 Migration from Fife and Scotland
Source: NRS (25 July 2018) Total Migration to or from Scotland
There are clear migration patterns for age groups, with the 15-19 age group had the
highest migration into Fife (+734 net) and the 20-24 age group was the group with highest
numbers leaving Fife (-365 net).

Figure 6 Fife migrant count, by single year of age, 2015-2017
Source: NRS (25 July 2018) Total Migration to or from Scotland
Migration patterns for age groups also intersect with race and/or ethnicity. Census data
shows that people aged 16-34 were the ethnically diverse age group in Fife with 94% of
those aged 16-24 and 93% of adults aged 25-34 describing themselves as ‘White
Scottish, British or Other White’.
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 &
over
NumberofMigrants
Age
All Migrants, by single year of age, 2015-2017
In migrants Out migrants Net migrants
Fife

Figure 7 Migration and Race/Ethnicity
Source: Census 2011 Data Explorer
Just over 3% of the population aged 25-34 recorded their
ethnic group as White Polish, and for the 16-24 group,
2.9% identify themselves as Asian. By contrast, older
people in Fife were much less ethnically diverse with
99% of those aged 65 and over describing themselves as
‘White Scottish, British or Other White’ whilst only 0.4%
were of ‘Asian’ ethnicity and a further 0.2% were ‘White
Polish’.
Population Projections: 2016 onwards
Fife’s population is expected to grow by 1.9% by 2026, which is slightly less than the
Scottish average of 3.2%. Those figures rise to 2.6% and 5.3% respectively by 2041.
All ages
Area 2021 2026 2031 2036 2041
Scotland 1.9 3.2 4.3 4.9 5.3
Fife 1.2 1.9 2.5 2.6 2.6

Table 10 Population change for Fife and Scotland, 2021-2041, all ages
However, the distribution of the age in population changes is more marked, with Fife being
expected to have an increase of +35.1% of people aged 75 and over in the next 10 years
(compared to 27.3% nationally).
Figure 8 Projected percentage change in population aged 75 and over, by council area,
2016 to 2026.
Other noticeable population changes include an increase of +83.5% of Fifers over 75 by
2041 and a decrease of -5.1% of under 16s. Those figures indicate an increasingly ageing
population:
Children (aged 0 to 15) Working age
Area 2021 2026 2031 2036 2041 2021 2026 2031 2036 2041
Scotland 2.2 1.7 0.2 -0.4 -1.5 3.6 3.2 3.5 1.6 1.1
Fife 1.1 -0.9 -3.3 -4.1 -5.1 2.7 1.5 1.4 -1.3 -2.6
+3%
+10%
+16%
+19%
+21%
+22%
+23%
+23%
+26%
+26%
+27%
+27%
+27%
+28%
+28%
+30%
+31%
+31%
+31%
+33%
+33%
+33%
+33%
+34%
+35%
+35%
+38%
+40%
+40%
+41%
+41%
+46%
+48%
0% +10% +20% +30% +40% +50%
Glasgow City
Dundee City
Aberdeen City
West Dunbartonshire
Inverclyde
City of Edinburgh
Na h-Eileanan Siar
Renfrewshire
North Lanarkshire
South Lanarkshire
East Renfrewshire
Scotland
East Ayrshire
Stirling
Dumfries and Galloway
Argyll and Bute
East Dunbartonshire
North Ayrshire
South Ayrshire
Perth and Kinross
Falkirk
Angus
Scottish Borders
Moray
East Lothian
Fife
Highland
Shetland Islands
Orkney Islands
Aberdeenshire
Midlothian
West Lothian
Clackmannanshire
Percentage change
Scotland
Fife

Pensionable age and over Aged 75 and over
Area 2021 2026 2031 2036 2041 2021 2026 2031 2036 2041
Scotland -3.9 4.8 10.3 20.4 25.1 9.3 27.3 40.6 58.5 78.6
Fife -3.2 5.6 10.4 19.8 24.1 13.3 35.1 48.1 65.0 83.5
Table 11 Population change for Fife and Scotland, 2021-2041, by age groups
Source: NRS Population Projections for Scottish Areas (2016-based)
Comparison of Fife’s and Scotland population pyramids show a large increase in the 65+
and a large decrease in the 35-65 demographics over the next 25 years:
Figure 9 Population projection pyramids for Fife and Scotland: 2014 and 2039
Source: NRS (2014-based)

Employment and Living Standards
Income and economic activity
By end 2018, people of working age who live in Fife were paid on average £543.40 per
week for full time workers, less than Scotland’s average of £562.70 per week. A higher
proportion in Fife of 18-24-year-olds are claiming benefits (5.5% vs 3.8% at Scotland
level) and also 5.5% of 18-21 year-olds, increasing from May 2018.
Pay (in pounds) Fife Scotland
Gross Weekly
Full-Time Workers 543.4 562.7
Male Full-Time Workers 574.0 599.0
Female Full-Time Workers 493.1 515.4
Hourly - Excluding Overtime
Full-Time Workers 13.74 14.30
Male Full-Time Workers 14.06 14.66
Female Full-Time Workers 13.21 13.84
Table 12 Gross Weekly and Monthly Earnings in Fife and Scotland
Source: Nomis: Labour Market Profile – Fife (November 2018)
(ONS annual survey of hours and earnings - workplace analysis)
Fife
(Level)
Fife
(%)
Scotland
(%)
Aged 16+ 8,590 3.7 2.7
Aged 16 To 17 55 0.7 0.5
Aged 18 To 24 1,830 5.5 3.8
Aged 18 To 21 1,830 5.5 3.8
Aged 25 To 49 4,620 4.1 2.9
Aged 50+ 2,080 2.7 2.2
December
2018
Fife
(Numbers)
Fife
(%)
Scotland
(%)
All People 8,590 3.7 2.7
Males 5,335 4.7 3.5
Females 3,255 2.7 2.0
Table 13 ONS Claimant count by age and gender - not seasonally adjusted
Source: Nomis: Labour Market Profile – Fife (December 2018)

Inequality and deprivation
The socio-economic duty of the Equality Act 2010 coming into force in Scotland12 is
placing the duty on public authorities (and organisations providing a public service) to have
due regard to reducing the inequalities of outcome which result from socio-economic
disadvantage.
This change in legislation will enable to make interconnections between inequality, its
components (e.g. income deprivation) and equality (protected characteristics). Measures
of ‘inequality gaps’ are being developed to report this, similar to the gender or disability
paygap. The most recent Community Planning Outcomes Profile update (May 2018)
shows certain measures for age groups but no breakdown for further protected
characteristics.
The child poverty gap between the 10% most deprived and 10% least deprived areas in
Fife is at -30.9%, dropping from 31.1% last year. This level is comparable to the national
child poverty gap of -32.3%.
There is also a marked difference in the number of emergency admissions of 65+ year
olds, with 10,745 fewer admissions in 2015 in the 10% least deprived households in Fife
compared to the most.
Fife’s
10% most
deprived data
zones
10% least
deprived data
zones
Child Poverty 36.1 5.2
Crime Rate 870.9 91.9
Depopulation 101.3 90.0
Early Mortality 632.1 265.3
Emergency Admissions 28534.4 17789.3
Positive Destinations 85.4 92.5
S4 Tariff Score 158.8 220.3
Table 14 Inequality gaps between 10% most/least deprived areas in Fife
Fife’s
10% most
deprived data
zones
10% least
deprived data
zones
Child Poverty 36.6 4.3
Crime Rate 874.6 190.4
Depopulation 99.6 90.8
Early Mortality 753.7 262.8
Emergency Admissions 35488.9 20168.3
Positive Destinations 86.5 94.6
12 The Equality Act 2010 (Authorities subject to the Socioeconomic Inequality Duty) (Scotland) Regulations
2018

Table 15 Inequality gaps between 10% most/least deprived areas in Scotland
Source: Improvement Service (2018) Community Planning Outcomes Profile
Poverty and components
The 2017 ‘Poverty in Scotland’13 report showed that on average, poverty levels are lower
in Scotland than in the rest of the UK. It also showed that there have been falls in poverty
among pensioners and families with children have been greater.
Poverty rates vary across age groups: pensioners have the lowest poverty rate, followed
by working-age people without children. Poverty is highest amongst families with children.
Figure 10 Poverty Rate changes across age groups, Scotland
Source: JRF (2017) Poverty in Scotland 3
13 JRF (2017) Poverty in Scotland

Figure 11 Proportion of working-age adults living in in relative income poverty (after
housing costs) by household type, Scotland
Figure 12 Poverty Rate changes across households, Scotland
The Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation is most commonly used tool for identifying the
most deprived zones in Scotland. The SIMD 2016 data shows local-national trends, with
11% of the working age population employment deprived in Fife (10.8% for Scotland) and
12.4% of the population are income deprived in Fife (12.3% for Scotland)14.
In the poorest fifth of the population, 1 in 3 people spend more than a third of their income
on housing, impacting severely their disposable income. Also, the attainment gap for
14 KnowFife SIMD2016 Quick Brief

children from the most and least deprived areas is large and increases over time.
Nearly one in five adults in the poorest fifth of the population experience anxiety or
depression, far higher than in those who are better off and the majority do not have any
savings or investments, and are not building up a pension.
However as the SIMD is a relative ranking between different areas, it does not directly
inform on the lived experience of poverty in one area (for a detailed breakdown see
KnowFife’s SIMD page here) or variation across the protected characteristics within those
areas. More understanding about poverty can be derived from its components.
In official government statistics, ‘poverty’ has usually been defined as ‘household income
below 60% of the UK median’15. More recent Scottish government statistics define ‘low
income’ as household income below 70% of the Scottish median after housing cost16.
These will include detailed breakdowns of for households across local authorities in
Scotland. Other components to consider include:
Material deprivation
This indicates being unable to afford 3 or more necessities from a list of 22 (e.g. £500 to
deal with an unexpected expense or a child having a warm winter coat) for the local
measure, being unable to afford three or more necessities is the best definition of material
deprivation.
In 2016, 24.1% of children in Fife lived in households with limited resources, with is
markedly above the Scottish average of 20.4%.
Area
After housing costs Before housing costs
%
95% C.I.
lower
limit
95% C.I.
upper
limit
%
95% C.I.
lower
limit
95% C.I.
upper
limit
Fife 24.1 15.5 32.7 21.9 13.5 30.2
Scotland 20.4 18.4 22.4 18.0 16.1 19.9
Table 16 Children in families with limited resources in Fife and Scotland
Source: Children in families with limited resources across Scotland 2014-2016
Household food insecurity
This is defined as “the inability of one or more members of a household to consume an
adequate quality or sufficient quantity of food that is useful for health in socially acceptable
ways, or the uncertainty that they will be able to do so”.17
15 Scottish Government (9 June 2017) Poverty equality analysis.
16 Scottish Government (28 November 2017) Children in families with limited resources across Scotland
2014-2016
17 Fife Health and Wellbeing Alliance (August 2017) Food Poverty and Food Insecurity in Fife.

UK data from the Food Standard Agency’s Food and Your Survey it was estimated that
24,300 adults aged 16 and over in Fife could live in low or very low food secure
households. In 2016, an estimated 12,100 food parcels were given out in Fife to 22,300
adults and children18.
Fuel Poverty at home
A household is described as experiencing fuel poverty if “in order to maintain a satisfactory
heating regime, it would be required to spend more than 10% of its income on all
household fuel use. If over 20% of income is required, then this is termed as being in
extreme fuel poverty”19
With around 35% of households in Fife in fuel poverty, this is slightly greater than the
proportion of all households in Scotland that are fuel poor (31%). Noticeably, Fuel Poverty
is higher for Fifers living in flats (38%), 1 or 2-bedroom homes (41%) and those renting
privately (42%). On average, fuel poverty is reducing from the previous years.
Household Attributes
Age of Dwelling House or Flat Number of Bedrooms
Area % of LA Pre-1945 Post 1945 House Flat
2 or
fewer
3+
In Fuel Poverty
Fife 35% 44% 31% 34% 38% 41% 29%
Scotland
31% 36% 28% 33% 27% 31% 31%
In Extreme Fuel Poverty
Fife 8% 10% 7% 9% 4% 7% 9%
Scotland 8% 11% 7% 10% 6% 7% 10%
Table 17 Fuel Poverty in households in Fife and Scotland – Age, Houses, Flats, Bedroom
count
Household Attributes
Tenure Household Type
Area % of LA
Owner-
occupied
Social
Housing
Private
Rented
Older Families Other
In Fuel Poverty
Fife 35% 33% 37% 42% 49% 13% 33%
Scotland
31% 29% 35% 31% 45% 17% 29%
In Extreme Fuel Poverty
Fife 8% 10% 3% 8% 14% * 6%
18 Fife Health and Wellbeing Alliance (August 2017) Food Poverty and Food Insecurity in Fife.
19 Scottish Government (2002) The Scottish Fuel Poverty Statement

Scotland 8% 9% 6% 9% 13% 3% 8%
Table 18 Fuel Poverty in households in Fife and Scotland – Tenure and Type of
Households
Source: SHCS Local Authority Analysis 2014-2016 (28 Feb 2018)
An aspect of how poverty relates to the age characteristic is monitored through current
work on child poverty. The End Child Poverty report for instance indicates that, after
housing costs considered an estimated 24.47% of children (17,667) live in poverty in
Fife20. The table below shows the variation in levels across Fife wards:
Percentage of children in poverty, July-
Sept 2017
Before housing
costs
After housing
costs
Local Authority and wards*
Number
of
children
%
Number
of
children
%
Fife 11,132 15.42% 17,667 24.47%
West Fife and Coastal Villages 430 12.41% 690 19.92%
Dunfermline North 307 12.39% 492 19.88%
Dunfermline Central 419 10.67% 677 17.24%
Dunfermline South 599 10.82% 967 17.47%
Rosyth 412 12.76% 661 20.47%
Inverkeithing and Dalgety Bay 359 10.55% 580 17.05%
The Lochs 609 21.02% 948 32.75%
Cowdenbeath 477 16.52% 755 26.13%
Lochgelly and Cardenden 488 17.24% 772 27.27%
Burntisland, Kinghorn and Western
Kirkcaldy
391 13.57% 624 21.67%
Kirkcaldy North 500 14.31% 796 22.81%
Kirkcaldy Central 618 20.77% 962 32.35%
Kirkcaldy East 704 25.34% 1,075 38.68%
Glenrothes West and Kinglassie 765 18.27% 1,202 28.72%
Glenrothes North, Leslie and Markinch 616 17.52% 966 27.50%
Glenrothes Central and Thornton 580 19.78% 906 30.87%
Howe of Fife and Tay Coast 304 11.64% 489 18.73%
Tay Bridgehead 303 11.23% 487 18.09%
St Andrews 151 11.20% 244 18.05%
East Neuk and Landward 329 15.91% 518 25.03%
Cupar 255 9.56% 414 15.52%
Leven, Kennoway and Largo 512 14.89% 815 23.73%
Buckhaven, Methil and Wemyss Villages 940 23.76% 1,448 36.62%
20 End Child Poverty (January 2018) – Local Data

Table 19 Percentage of children in poverty in Fife and local wards, July-Sept 2017
Source: End Child Poverty (January 2018)
Household Finances
Fife households report to be managing less well than last year (54% now, compared to
65% in 2016), with the 65+ age group remaining the most better off (69% compared to
67% nationally) but this also dropped from 78% in 2016.
Fife 2017
Male Female
All
Gender
16-39 40-64 65+ All Age
% Manages
well
60 46 54 44 50 69 54
% Gets by 33 45 38 46 39 28 38
% Does not
manage well
8 8 8 10 10 3 8
Scotland 2017
Male Female
All
Gender
16-39 40-64 65+ All Age
% Manages
well
60 51 56 49 53 67 56
% Gets by 33 39 35 40 36 30 35
% Does not
manage well
7 10 9 11 11 3 9
Table 20 How the household is managing financially by sex and age of highest income
householder
Source: Scottish Household Survey (2017) LA Tables - Annual Report Table 4.13 [01 Nov
2018]
Housing and age groups
2-persons households are the majority of households in Fife (36.6%) while Scotland’s
average is 1-person households at 34.7%, closely followed by 2-person households at
34%. The majority are owner-residents (64.8%) however there is a higher proportion of
council housing renters in Fife than in Scotland (18% vs 13.2).
Fife Scotland
Total number of households
(with residents)
160,952 2,372,777
% 1 person 31.8 34.7
% 2 people 36.6 34.0
% 3 people 15.3 15.1
% 4 people 11.6 11.5
% 5 people 3.6 3.7
% 6 or more people 1.1 1

Fife Scotland
Total number of households
(with residents)
160,952 2,372,777
% Owned 64.8 62.0
% Rented from Council 18.0 13.2
% Other social rented 4.9 11.1
% Private rented 11.2 12.4
% Living rent free 1.1 1.3
Table 21 Housing distribution in Fife and Scotland
Source: Scotland’s Census 2011
Age groups are on average distributed across households and communal establishments
as would be expected. The 18-19 & 20-24 is the main age groups living in communal
establishments (21.4% & 24.5%, i.e. 45.9%), followed by 8.9% of 85-89 year olds.
Children
Lives in a household
Lives in a communal
establishment
All people 357,440 100.0% 7,758 100.0%
0 to 4 20,763 5.8% 12 0.2%
5 to 9 19,149 5.4% 7 0.1%
10 to 11 7,675 2.1% 13 0.2%
12 to 14 12,417 3.5% 81 1.0%
15 4,228 1.2% 52 0.7%
Table 22 Children living in households and communal establishments in Fife
Working Age
Lives in a communal
establishment
All people 357,440 100.0% 7,758 100.0%
16 to 17 8,660 2.4% 192 2.5%
18 to 19 7,874 2.2% 1,658 21.4%
20 to 24 22,240 6.2% 1,901 24.5%
25 to 29 20,338 5.7% 464 6.0%
30 to 34 20,631 5.8% 156 2.0%
35 to 39 22,947 6.4% 88 1.1%
40 to 44 27,356 7.7% 89 1.1%
45 to 49 27,912 7.8% 95 1.2%
50 to 54 26,057 7.3% 95 1.2%
55 to 59 22,890 6.4% 91 1.2%
60 to 64 24,854 7.0% 142 1.8%

Table 23 People of working age living in households and communal establishments in Fife
Older People
Lives in a communal
establishment
All people 357,440 100.0% 7,758 100.0%
65 to 69 19,407 5.4% 122 1.6%
70 to 74 15,441 4.3% 211 2.7%
75 to 79 12,078 3.4% 347 4.5%
80 to 84 8,185 2.3% 545 7.0%
85 to 89 4,500 1.3% 688 8.9%
90 to 94 1,493 0.4% 484 6.2%
95 and over 345 0.1% 225 2.9%
Table 24 People over 65 living in households and communal establishments in Fife
Source: Scotland's Census 2011 - National Records of Scotland.
Table DC1104SC - Residence type by sex by age (Fife)
Carers
The 2011 census reports 34,828 carers in Fife, which at 9.5% of the population is directly
comparable to the national average (9.3%), along with other trends that are also similar:
the majority of carers are female (59.3%), employed (51.9%) and 19.9% are aged 65 or
over, with 5.4% of Fifers aged 65+ care for over 35 hours a week. A higher proportion of
males ages 50-64 provide care in Fife compared to Scotland (36.9% vs 34.9%).
Fife Scotland
% Carers who are female 59.3 59.2
% Carers who are employed
(excluding full-time students)
51.9 53.2
% Carers aged under 16 1.9 2.0
% Carers aged 65 and over 19.9 19.3
Table 25 Proportion of Carers in Fife by gender, employment, under 16 and over 65
Source: Scotland’s Census 2011
Fife Number of people Age group % Male / Female %
Age Male Female Male Female Male Female
0 to 24 1,030 1,370 7.3% 6.6% 42.9% 57.1%
25 to 49 4,660 7,870 32.8% 38.1% 37.2% 62.8%
50 to 64 5,230 7,750 36.9% 37.5% 40.3% 59.7%
65+ 3,270 3,650 23.0% 17.7% 47.3% 52.7%
All people 14,190 20,640 100.0% 100.0% 40.7% 59.3%

Table 26 Proportion of Carers in Fife by age group and gender
Source: Scotland’s Carers (Census 2011 based)
Fife Level of care provided per week
Age
0
hours
1-19
hours
20-34
hours
35+
hours
Total
% of
carers
0 to 24 97.8% 1.5% 0.3% 0.5% 100.0% 2.2%
25 to 49 89.6% 5.9% 1.0% 3.5% 100.0% 10.4%
50 to 64 82.5% 10.9% 1.5% 5.1% 100.0% 17.5%
65 and over 89.2% 4.4% 1.0% 5.4% 100.0% 10.8%
All people 90.5% 5.4% 0.9% 3.3% 100.0% 9.5%
Table 27 Age groups of people who provide >0 hours of care in Fife
Source: Scotland’s Carers (Census 2011 based) -

Health and Social Care21
General Health
Between 2014-2017, 72% of adults in Fife report to have very good or good health, slightly
lower than the national average. 20% reported fair health, and 8% bad or very bad health.
Figure 13 Self-assessed general health, Fife adults, 2013-2016 combined
Source: Scottish Health Survey (25 September 2018)
The 2011 census showed that health profiles in Fife are closely related to Scotland’s as a
whole. For instance, the average age of a person in Fife is 40.8 years, slightly above
Scotland’s (40.3), and the average of Fifers with good or very good health is also slightly
above (36.6 vs 36.2). A noticeable difference is that 67.9% people report as living with no
condition in Fife, compared to 70.1% across Scotland. As expected, the proportion of
people living with a limiting health condition increases with age, from the 50-54 group
onwards at 26% (the average across all age groups is 20%).
Fife Scotland
Average age 40.8 40.3
Average age of a person with good
or very good health
36.6 36.2
Average age of a person with a
limiting long-term illness
59.3 59.2
Average age of carer 51.3 50.7
Percentage of households with one
or more carers resident
16.8 16.0
Table 28 Health facts for Fife and Scotland
Fife Scotland
% Very good health 50.8 52.5
% Good health 31.0 29.7
21 Please note: all the information in this section is based on the Scotland’s Census 2011
74
72
18 20
8 8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Scotland Fife
%
Very
good/good
Fair
Bad/very bad

% Fair health 12.8 12.2
% Bad health 4.2 4.3
% Very bad health 1.2 1.3
Table 29 General health facts for Fife and Scotland
Fife Scotland
% Limited a lot 9.5 9.6
% Limited a little 10.8 10.1
% Not limited 79.7 80.4
Table 30 Proportion of peopled who are limited in day to day activities - Fife and Scotland
Fife Scotland
% With no condition 67.9 70.1
% With one or more long-term health conditions 32.1 29.9
% With deafness or partial hearing loss 7.3 6.6
% With blindness or partial sight loss 2.5 2.4
% With learning disability (for example, Down's Syndrome) 0.5 0.5
% With learning difficulty (for example, dyslexia) 2.4 2.0
% With developmental disorder (for example, Autistic
Spectrum Disorder, Asperger's Syndrome)
0.7 0.6
% With physical disability 7.2 6.7
% With mental health condition 4.1 4.4
% With other condition 20.3 18.7
Table 31 Long-term health condition – Fife and Scotland
Fife All Day-to-day
activities limited
Day-to-day activities not
limited
Number % Number %
All people 365,198 74,246 20% 29,0952 80%
0 to 15 64,397 3,306 5% 61,091 95%
16 to 24 42,525 2,959 7% 39,566 93%
25 to 34 41,589 3,580 9% 38,009 91%
35 to 49 78,487 11,044 14% 67,443 86%
50 to 64 74,129 19,293 26% 54,836 74%
65 to 74 35,181 14,468 41% 20,713 59%
75 to 84 21,155 13,145 62% 8,010 38%
85 and over 7,735 6,451 83% 1,284 17%
Table 32 Limiting long term health problem or disability by age group, Fife
Source: NHS Fife (September 2016) Fife Population; an analysis by protected
characteristics
Social Care
Home care clients in Fife receive on average more hours of care, at 17.1 compared to 11.7
in Scotland. The proportion of people aged 65+ receiving care is lower at 12.3 per 1000 in
Fife compared 16.9 nationally.
2015 2016 2017
Number of clients 3,620 3,720 3,660

Total hours* 54,160 55,550 62,610
Hours per client 15.0 14.9 17.1
Number of clients age 65
plus receiving 10+ hours
580 670 890
Populations aged 65+ 72,400 72,400 72,400
Rate per 1,000 population 8.0 9.3 12.3
Table 33 Number of home care clients and hours provided/purchased, Fife
2015 2016 2017
Number of clients 61,500 59,780 59,640
Total hours* 700,300 676,520 696,620
Hours per client 11.4 11.3 11.7
Number of clients age 65
plus receiving 10+ hours
17,570 16,630 16,910
Populations aged 65+ 983,000 998,900 998,900
Rate per 1,000 population 17.9 16.6 16.9
Table 34 Number of home care clients and hours provided/purchased, Scotland
Source: Social Care Survey 2017 (19 Dec 2017)
Life Expectancy
In Fife, life expectancy at birth was higher for females (81.2 years) than for males (77.6
years) in 2014-16. Male life expectancy at birth has increased more rapidly than female life
expectancy at birth between 2001-03 and 2014-16. In Fife, life expectancy at birth is higher
than at Scotland level for both females and males.

Figure 14 Life Expectancy at birth, by gender in Fife
Source: NRS (June 2018) Fife Profile
Healthy Life Expectancy
Life expectancy (LE22) is an estimate of how many years a person might be expected to
live, whereas healthy life expectancy (HLE23) is an estimate of how many years they
might live in a 'healthy' state. In Fife, Life Expectancy at birth is 79 and while Healthy Life
Expectancy being is 64.3. This means a person is likely to experience 14 years of ‘not
healthy’ years in old age (65+) and this is similar to the national average:
LE 95% CIs HLE 95% CIs Expected
'not healthy'
years
LE Lower Upper HLE Lower Upper (LE-HLE)
Fife 79.04 78.85 79.23 64.34 64.25 64.44 14.69
Scotland 78.77 78.72 78.82 64.21 64.18 64.23 14.56
Table 35 Life table for life expectancy and healthy life expectancy calculations, Fife and
Scotland 5-year period 2009-2013
Source: ScotPHO Health life expectancy: local authorities (12 December 2017)
In Fife, the number of probable suicides recorded has been going down over the past 5
years (with 43 recorded in 2016) and increased in 2017 to 7.6% the highest recorded:
Year
All
Scotland
Fife
22 Healthy life expectancy: key points. ScotPHO (2016). Source: http://www.scotpho.org.uk/population-
dynamics/healthy-life-expectancy/key-points
23 As above

2011 889 63 7.1%
2012 830 58 7.0%
2013 795 68 8.6%
2014 696 58 8.3%
2015 672 41 6.1%
2016 728 43 5.9%
2017 680 52 7.6%
Table 36 Number and proportions of probable suicides in Fife
Source: NRS (2017) Probable Suicides Table 5

Justice and Personal Security
Between 2016-2017 and 2017-2018, there was an overall decrease in recorded crime
across Scotland of +1% and of +4% in Fife. The largest rise in recorded crime between
2015-16 and 2016-17 was in Falkirk (+15%).
Previously, there was an overall decrease in recorded crime between 2015-16 and 2016-
17 across Scotland that was reflected in 20 of the 32 local authorities, with 11 experiencing
an increase and one with very little change from the previous year. The largest rise in
recorded crime between 2015-16 and 2016-17 was in Midlothian (12%) where 78% of the
increase was accounted for by a rise in Crimes of dishonesty and Other crimes. Fife saw
very little change in recorded crime between 2015-16 and 2016-17:
Figure 15 Change in recorded crime in Fife and other local authorities
Source: Police Recorded Crime in Scotland, 2017-18
Inequality and Crime
The gap in crime rates between the least and most deprived areas in Fife and Scotland
has been increasing since 2010/2011. This has slowed down nationally but is still widening
in Fife:

Figure 16 Crime Rate in 10% most and least deprived in Fife and Scotland
SCJS Motivations and characteristics of crime
The Scottish Justice and Crime Survey (SCJS) is distinct and complementary to police
recorded crime, which changes in public reporting practices, police recording practices
and, in part, police deployment and activity. Not all crimes are reported the police (such as
hate incidents and hate crime) and the SCJS give a bit more detail on the characteristics
of crime around harassment and discrimination. There is no Fife-level breakdown at this
time, however across Scotland, we know that the majority of harassment victims
experienced verbal abuse (86%), followed by threats of violence:
Figure 17 Proportion of harassment victims experiencing different kinds of behaviour in
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
2004/05 2007/08 2010/11 2014/15
NumberofSIMDcrimesper10,000
population
Crime Rate
Fife 10% Most deprived Scotland 10% Most deprived
Fife 10% Least deprived Scotland 10% Least deprived

Scotland (2017)
Source: Scottish Crime & Justice Survey 2016/17: (27 March 2018) Main Findings p13
Age was cited as motivator for 8% of respondents, while 12% of victims of harassment
thought that their gender, gender identity or perception of this was a possible motivating
factor – the most commonly suggested influence. However, the increase from 6% is not
statistically significant due to low numbers. More than half of harassment victims in
2016/17 (57%) did not think any of their characteristics were an influencing factor in their
encounters:
Figure 18 What respondents thought any experiences of harassment in last year were or
may have been motivated by (2017)
Source: Scottish Crime & Justice Survey 2016/17: (27 March 2018) Main Findings p13
2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2012/13 2014/15 2016/17
All 20.40% 19.30% 17.80% 16.90% 14.50% 13.40%
Male 21.20% 20.40% 18.40% 18.20% 15.60% 13.90%
Female 19.70% 18.20% 17.20% 15.80% 13.60% 13.00%
16-24 32.20% 26.40% 25.60% 23.70% 20.40% 19.50%
25-44 24.70% 25.10% 22.30% 21.60% 18.40% 17.30%
45-59 20.10% 18.80% 17.60% 16.30% 15.30% 12.70%
60+ 9.50% 9.20% 8.70% 8.80% 6.80% 7.20%
15% most deprived
areas
26.00% 25.20% 21.30% 21.30% 21.20% 19.40%
Rest of Scotland 19.40% 18.30% 17.20% 16.10% 13.40% 12.30%
Urban 22.20% 20.90% 19.50% 18.60% 15.50% 14.80%
Rural 13.00% 12.10% 10.20% 9.40% 9.90% 6.80%
Table 37 Proportion of adults experiencing SCJS crime in Scotland

Source: Scottish Crime & Justice Survey 2016/17 (27 March 2018): Main Findings p22
Characteristics of Offenders
The Scottish Crime and Justice Survey 2016/17 reports that where victims could provide
information about the offender, offenders were much more likely to be male (78%) than
female (13%). There are clear age patterns with vandalism being the most reported to be
towards people under 16, and most violent crime or assault from people aged between
25-39.
Property crime Violent
crime
All SCJS
crime
Gender
Male 69% 84% 78%
Female 12% 13% 13%
People of both sexes 16% 2% 8%
Don't know 3% - 1%
Refused - - -
Total Property
Crime
Vandalism Violent
Crime
Assault
Under 16 19% 26% 43% 140 136
Aged between 16-24 29% 26% 26% 14% 14%
Aged between 25-39 26% 23% 16% 32% 32%
Aged 40 or over 23% 17% 15% 29% 28%
Don't know 4% 9% 1% 27% 27%
Refused - - - - -
None - - - - -
Table 38 Percentage of SCJS crimes where respondent was able to say anything about
offender(s), Scotland
Source: Scottish Crime and Justice Survey 2016/17 (27 March 2018)Table 3.14
Discrimination and Harassment
from 9% in 2016 to 14% in 2017. Across other age groups this has adjusted to meet the
lower national average, e.g. 40-59 age group reported in 2016 a lower experience of
discrimination and harassment than Scotland on average (2% vs 7%)24 and by 2017 this
was identical at 6%.
Discrimination % Harassment %
Yes No Yes No
Fife 2017
16-39 14 86 11 89
24 See Scottish Household Survey - Annual Report 2016 - LA Tables
https://www2.gov.scot/Topics/Statistics/16002/LAtables2016

40-59 6 94 6 94
60+ 4 96 2 98
All 8 92 6 94
Scotland 2017
16-39 9 91 8 92
40-59 8 92 6 94
60+ 3 97 3 97
All 7 93 6 94
Table 39 Experience of discrimination and harassment in Fife and Scotland by age group
2018]

Participation
Access to local services
People are 65+ on average tend to report local services positively and that the local
authority provides services designed for needs and does its best with money available.
Lower scores are reported for people in the 16-39 and 40-64 age groups however. This
compares to the 2016 Scottish Household Survey, with a marked drop in the 65+ age
group rating communication positively from 61% to 51%, along with ‘high quality services’
falling from 60% to 50%.
Figure 19 Percentage agreeing with various statements about local council services
16-39 40-64 65+ All
Fife 2017
Good at communicating services 42 44 51 45
High quality services 38 48 50 45
Good at communicating performance 31 35 46 36
Services designed for needs 44 35 56 43
Does its best with money available 44 45 55 47
Addressing key issues 34 36 49 38
Good at listening 26 25 39 28
I can influence decisions affecting my local
area
30 31 23 29
I want greater involvement in decisions 34 40 24 34
Scotland 2017
Good at communicating services 39 42 49 43
High quality services 41 38 44 41
Good at communicating performance 28 36 42 34
Services designed for needs 38 34 40 37
Does its best with money available 34 40 48 39
Addressing key issues 31 31 37 33
Good at listening 23 22 26 24
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Good at
communicating
services
Good at
communicating
performance
Does its best with the
money
Good at listening I want greater
involvement in
decisions
%ofadults
Fife 2017
16-39
40-64
65+

I can influence decisions affecting my local
area
24 23 19 23
I want greater involvement in decisions 38 35 22 33
Table 40 Percentage agreeing with various statements about local council services
2018]
Social and community cohesion
In Fife and Scotland in 2017, the Scottish Household Survey reports a drop across all age
groups for people reporting to belong ‘Very Strongly’ to their community. This compares to
2016 when the strength of belonging to community was reported lower in the 16-39 age
group and ‘Not Very Strong’ for the 40-59s and 60+ in Fife compared to Scotland as a
whole.
Very
strongly
Fairly
strongly
Not very
strongly
Not all
strongly
Don't
know
Fife 2017
Age
16-39 21 46 24 6 2
40-59 21 61 13 6 -
60+ 42 48 9 0 -
All 21 46 24 6 2
Scotland 2017
Age
16-39 24 46 21 7 2
40-59 35 45 15 5 0
60+ 47 39 10 3 1
All 24 46 21 7 2
Table 41 Strength of feeling of belonging to community by gender, age, ethnicity and
Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation
2018]

Children and Young People
Demography
In 2017, there were 64333 Children and Young people under 16 in Fife,
making up 17% of the population, 18% were male and 16% female. Under
18-year-olds amount to 72071, 21% being male and 18% female. This is a
similar distribution to the national profile:
Fife’s age groups: Count Percentage
All aged under 16 64333 33029 31304 17% 18% 16%
All aged under 18 72081 37071 35010 19% 21% 18%
All 371,410 180,312 191,098 48.5% 51.5%
A further breakdown in 5-year bands is given below for Young People (15-24) and Adults
(25-64):
Area All Ages 0 - 4 5 - 9 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24
Scotland 5,424,800 282,106 301,951 280,097 290,040 356,609
Fife 371,410 19,405 21,454 19,826 20,533 24,391
Table 43 Estimated population 0-25 by sex, five-year age group in Fife and Scotland, mid-
2017

Education
Fife appears in the top fifth of all local authorities in Scotland for early years and schools
indicators, however this drops below average for youth (16+) and in working lives.
Table 44 Early years indicators: percentage achieving expected levels
Source: State of the Nation: Social Mobility in Britain (November 2017)
Table 45 Early years indicators: percentage achieving expected levels
Source: State of the Nation: Social Mobility in Britain (November 2017)
In the period 2017-2018, we notice that there was a significant positive change in the
participation measure, with Fife of +1.4%, which is 0.7% above the national average.
Participation in Fife was at 90.1%, with 4.3% not participating and 5.6% with unconfirmed
status. Fife is slightly behind the national average (91.8%) but this has improved over the
past 3 years.

Figure 20 % of 16-19 year old by participation type, 2016-2018 in Fife
Figure 21 % Participation by Age group, 2016-2018 in Fife
Source: SDS (28 August 2018) Annual Participation Measure – Interactive Tables
By comparison, in 2016-2017, 88.7% of 16-19 year olds in Fife were participating in
education, training or employment25 compared to 91.1% nationally26. The participation
rate of +0.4%, compared to +0.7% across Scotland. 4.8% are not participating i.e. those
unemployed seeking employment and others unemployed and not seeking e.g.
economically inactive compared to 3.7% nationally, a 0.2% fall compared to 2016. 6.5%
have an unconfirmed status compared to 5.3% nationally, also a 0.2% fall compared to
2016.
25 SDS (29 August 2017) Annual Participation Measure Report Summary for Fife Council
26 SDS (29 August 2017) Annual Participation Measure for 16 – 19 year olds in Scotland 2017

Figure 22 Participation rate, Fife and Scotland
Source: SDS (28 August 2018) Annual Participation Measure for 16 – 19 year olds in
Scotland 2018 [SDS Annual Participation Measure]
Over the past 10 years Fife S4 pupils have had a consistently lower tariff score than
Scotland on average. The tariff score can be seen as an indicator for educational
outcomes27.
27 Relates to pupils attending publicly funded secondary schools; it does not include: pupils attending publicly
funded Special Schools; attending private Independent Schools; or home schooling.

Figure 23 Timeline of S4 Tariff Score
Key: : Fife :Scotland
Source: Improvement Service (May 2018) Community Planning Outcomes Profile28
Positive Destinations and inequality29
Fife school leavers have a comparable percentage of positive and sustained destinations
to Scotland’s on average, this has closed in recent year with Fife’s performance
increasing.
Figure 24 Timeline for Positive Destinations
28 Further data: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Statistics/Browse/School-Education/PubAttainment
29 A positive and sustained destinations is defined as: higher education, further education, employment,
training or voluntary work. The data are based on destinations derived from follow-up survey 9 months after
the end of the school year.
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
06/07 16/17
S4 Tariff Score
76
81
86
91
96
06/07 16/17
Positive Destinations

With the socio-economic duty of the Equality Act 2010 coming into force in Scotland30,
disadvantage.
There was between the 10% most deprived and 10% least deprived areas in Fife a clearly
widening gap from 2011/2012 in terms of positive destimation for school leavers. However,
as this is relateively dated, it may not be significant for cohorts of young people currently in
education.
Figure 25 Proportion of school leavers entering positive destinations, by 10% most and
least deprived in Fife and Scotland
2018
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13
%ofschoolleaversentering
positivedestinations
Positive Destinations
Fife 10% Most deprived Scotland 10% Most deprived
Fife 10% Least deprived Scotland 10% Least deprived

Employment and Young People
Despite being the most highly educated generation in history, young people systemically
struggle in the labour market. This is a consistent pattern in Fife and at the national
level31. While the claimant count is higher locally across all age groups, this gap is higher
in 18-21 (5.7%) and across to the 18-24 age group (5.5%). This represents an increase on
the previous year for those age groups of +0.4%.
Fife
(%)
Scotland
(%)
Aged 16+ 3.7 2.7
Aged 16 To 17 0.7 0.4
Aged 18 To 24 5.5 3.8
Aged 18 To 21 5.7 4.1
Aged 25 To 49 4.1 2.9
Aged 50+ 2.6 2.2
Table 46 Claimant count by age - not seasonally adjusted (November 2018)
Source: Nomis: Labour Market Profile – Fife32
Employment rates of the working age group (16-64) in Fife in 2017 was at 74.8%; slightly
above the average in Scotland’s at 74.3%. This is an increase of 2.5% on the previous
year, or 2,500 people in employment.
The lowest rate of employment is in the 16-24 age group at 64.9%, which however higher
than the national average of 59.4%. This is a very significant increase (+12.6%, or 4800
young people) on the previous year from 52.3%. Prospects for employment is more
positive in the 25-34 age group (82%).
All aged 16 & over
2017 Proportion
(%)
Level
Scotland 59.4 2,618,100
Fife 57.7 173,200
2016
Scotland 58.7 2,581,000
Fife 58.0 173,600
16-24 25-34
2017 Proportion
(%) Level
Proportion
(%) Level
Scotland 59.4 345,600 82.0 584,400
Fife 64.9 26,200 82.8 34,500
2016
Scotland 55.9 333,400 80.9 569,800
Fife 52.3 21,400 79.9 33,200
31 Scottish government (2017) The Life Chances of Young People in Scotland
32 % is number of claimants as a proportion of resident population of the same age

Table 47 Employment rates and levels for young people Fife and Scotland in 2017
Source: Regional Employment Patterns in Scotland: Statistics from the Annual Population
Survey (22 May 2018) 1.4

Living Standards
Inequality and deprivation33
The socio-economic duty of the Equality Act 2010 coming into force in Scotland34 is
disadvantage.
This change in legislation will enable to make interconnections between inequality, its
components (e.g. income deprivation) and equality (protected characteristics). Measures
of ‘inequality gaps’ are being developed to report this, similar to the gender or disability
paygap. The most recent Community Planning Outcomes Profile update (May 2018)
shows certain measures for age groups but no breakdown for further protected
characteristics.
Of note is that between the 10% most deprived and 10% least deprived areas in Fife, the
child poverty gap is at 30.9%, slightly less than last year (32.1%). At national level this is
similar at 32.3%, however the gap is decreasing (+1.3%). Also clear is the marked
difference in the number of emergency admissions of 65+ year olds, with 10,745 fewer
admissions in 2015 in the 10% least deprived.
Fife’s
10% most
deprived
data zones
10% least
deprived
data zones
Child Poverty
36.1 5.2
Crime Rate
870.9 91.9
Depopulation
101.3 90.0
Early Mortality
632.1 265.3
Emergency
Admissions
28534.4 17789.3
Positive
Destinations
85.4 92.5
Table 48 Inequality gaps between 10% most/least deprived areas in Fife
33 This section overlaps with the previous section on poverty across all age groups
2018

Fife’s
10% most
deprived
data zones
10% least
deprived
data zones
Child Poverty
36.6 4.3
Crime Rate
874.6 190.4
Depopulation
99.6 90.8
Early Mortality
753.7 262.8
Emergency
Admissions
35488.9 20168.3
Positive
Destinations
86.5 94.6
Table 49 Inequality gaps between 10% most/least deprived areas in Scotland
Child Poverty: long-term trends
The 2017 ‘Poverty in Scotland’35 report showed that on average, poverty levels are lower
in Scotland than in the rest of the UK. It also showed that there have been falls in poverty
among pensioners and families with children have been greater.
Poverty rates vary across age groups: pensioners have the lowest poverty rate, followed
by working-age people without children. Poverty is highest amongst families with children.
35 JRF (2017) Poverty in Scotland

Figure 26 Poverty Rate changes across age groups, Scotland
The group that has been consistently with the highest poverty throughout the last decades
is lone parents. This group has seen the greatest progress, from 57% of lone parents in
Scotland living in poverty in 1994/97, falling to 45% in 2003/06 and more recently to 37% in
2013/16.
Figure 27 Poverty Rate changes across households, Scotland
The Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation is most commonly used tool for identifying the
most deprived zones in Scotland. The SIMD 2016 data shows local-national trends, with
11% of the working age population employment deprived in Fife (10.8% for Scotland) and

12.4% of the population are income deprived in Fife (12.3% for Scotland)36.
In the poorest fifth of the population, 1 in 3 people spend more than a third of their income
on housing, impacting severely their disposable income. Also, the attainment gap for
children from the most and least deprived areas is large and increases over time.
Nearly one in five adults in the poorest fifth of the population experience anxiety or
depression, far higher than in those who are better off and the majority do not have any
savings or investments, and are not building up a pension.
However as the SIMD is a relative ranking between different areas, it does not directly
inform on the lived experience of poverty in one area (for a detailed breakdown see
KnowFife’s SIMD page here) or variation across the protected characteristics within those
areas. More understanding about poverty can be derived from its components.
In official government statistics, ‘poverty’ has usually been defined as ‘household income
below 60% of the UK median’37. More recent Scottish government statistics define ‘low
income’ as household income below 70% of the Scottish median after housing cost38.
These will include detailed breakdowns of for households across local authorities in
Scotland.
Over the past 10 years Fife has had a consistently higher proportion of Child Poverty than
Scotland, although this is difficult to gauge due to a change in child poverty indicators in
the past years.
36 KnowFife SIMD2016 Quick Brief
37 Scottish Government (9 June 2017) Poverty equality analysis.
38 Scottish Government (28 November 2017) Children in families with limited resources across Scotland
2014-2016
6
11
16
21
26
31
36
41
06/07 16/17
Child Poverty

Figure 28 Timeline for Child Poverty39
In 2016, 24.1% of children in Fife lived in households with limited resources, with is
markedly above the Scottish average of 20.4%.
Area After housing costs Before housing costs
% 95% C.I.
lower
limit
95% C.I.
upper
limit
% 95% C.I.
lower
limit
95% C.I.
upper
limit
Fife 24.1 15.5 32.7 21.9 13.5 30.2
Scotland 20.4 18.4 22.4 18.0 16.1 19.9
Table 50 Children in families with limited resources in Fife and Scotland
Source: Children in families with limited resources across Scotland 2014-2016
An aspect of how poverty relates to the age characteristic is monitored through current
work on child poverty. The End Child Poverty report for instance indicates that, after
housing costs considered an estimated 24.47% of children (17,667) live in poverty in
Fife40. The table below shows the variation in levels across Fife wards:
Percentage of children in
poverty, July-Sept 2017
BEFORE
HOUSING COSTS
AFTER HOUSING
COSTS
Local Authority and wards* Number
of
children
%
Number
of
children
%
Fife 11,132 15.42% 17,667 24.47%
West Fife and Coastal Villages 430 12.41% 690 19.92%
Dunfermline North 307 12.39% 492 19.88%
Dunfermline Central 419 10.67% 677 17.24%
Dunfermline South 599 10.82% 967 17.47%
Rosyth 412 12.76% 661 20.47%
Inverkeithing and Dalgety Bay 359 10.55% 580 17.05%
The Lochs 609 21.02% 948 32.75%
Cowdenbeath 477 16.52% 755 26.13%
Lochgelly and Cardenden 488 17.24% 772 27.27%
Burntisland, Kinghorn and
Western Kirkcaldy
391 13.57% 624 21.67%
Kirkcaldy North 500 14.31% 796 22.81%
Kirkcaldy Central 618 20.77% 962 32.35%
Kirkcaldy East 704 25.34% 1,075 38.68%
Glenrothes West and Kinglassie 765 18.27% 1,202 28.72%
39 This indicates number of children living in families in receipt of Child Tax Credit (CTC) whose reported
income is less than 60 per cent of the median UK income (before housing costs) or in receipt of Income
Support (IS) or (Income-Based) Job Seekers Allowance (JSA), divided by the total number of children in the
area (determined by Child Benefit data). This is a proxy indicator for child poverty and an attempt to recreate
the relative child poverty measure set out in the Child Poverty Act 2010 at a local level
40 End Child Poverty (January 2018) – Local Data

Glenrothes North, Leslie and
Markinch
616 17.52% 966 27.50%
Glenrothes Central and Thornton 580 19.78% 906 30.87%
Howe of Fife and Tay Coast 304 11.64% 489 18.73%
Tay Bridgehead 303 11.23% 487 18.09%
St Andrews 151 11.20% 244 18.05%
East Neuk and Landward 329 15.91% 518 25.03%
Cupar 255 9.56% 414 15.52%
Leven, Kennoway and Largo 512 14.89% 815 23.73%
Buckhaven, Methil and Wemyss
Villages
940 23.76% 1,448 36.62%
Table 51 Percentage of children in poverty in Fife and local wards, July-Sept 2017
Source: End Child Poverty (January 2018)
Housing, Social Care and Homelessness
The rate for children who were looked after by Fife Council in 2016 was at 11/1000, which
lower but comparable to Scotland’s rate of 14/100041.
While there has been a substantial increally at national level, the number of children in
temporary accommodation has remained constant in Fife over the past year at 335 in total
with 325 in social sector accommodation and 10 living in hostels.
31 March 2017 31 March 2018
Social
sector
accom
Hostel Bed &
Breakfast
Other Total Social
sector
accom
Hostel Bed &
Breakfast
Other Total
Households with children or pregnant women in temporary accommodation
Scotland 2,636 33 33 529 3,231 2,675 36 39 599 3,349
Fife 165 10 0 0 175 165 10 0 0 175
Number of children in temporary accommodation by type of accommodation
Scotland 4,991 48 58 961 6,058 5,333 41 69 1,172 6,615
Fife 335 15 0 0 355 325 10 0 0 335
Table 52 Children or pregnant women in temporary accommodation, Fife and Scotland
Source: Homelessness in Scotland: 2017-18 (19 June 2018)
41 ScotPHO (August 2016) Fife Health and Wellbeing Profiles – key indicators and overview

Health and Social Care
Healthy Birthweight42
Over the past 10 years Fife has had a consistently lower Healthy birthrate than Scotland,
although this gap is closing slowly. For further information on the Quality Measurement
Framework, see the Information Service Division Scotland’s website here.
Figure 29 Healthy Birthrate
Body Mass Index (Primary 1)43
Over the past 5 years children in Fife has had a slightly higher Primary 1 Body Mass Index
than Scotland and this is likely to continue.
42 Healthy Birthweight is an important indicator of foetal and neonatal health at both individual and population
levels. There is a significant evidence of the correlation between maternal health and social circumstances
and birth weights which are outwith the normal birth weight range.
43 Primary 1 Body Mass Index (BMI) is one of the most widely used methods for assessing body composition
in children aged two years or older and adults. BMI is calculated by dividing an individual's weight (in
kilograms) by their height squared (in metres squared) and gives an indication of whether weight is in
proportion to height.
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
06/07 16/17
Healthy Birthweight
77
79
81
83
85
87
89
91
06/07 16/17
Primary 1 Body Mass Index

Figure 30 Primary 1 Body Mass Index
Child Development
Development of children is assessed by a health visitor across a range of domains during
the 27-30 month review44. Those cover Personal/Social, Emotional Behavioural45,
Speech, Language & Communication, Fine Motor, Gross Motor, Vision, Hearing and
Problem Solving.
Noticeably, Fife has a highest proportion at the national level (5.6% vs 4%) of
developmental concerns raised in the Personal/Social domain, and the second highest
proportion (5.9%) in the Fine Motor domain.
Figure 31 Persona/Social Domain - Outcome of developmental assessment at 27-30
month by NHS Boards
44 See further details at Child Statistics – Technical note
45 Comprising Emotional, Behavioural, Attention
0
5
10
% concern newly suspected % concern/disorder previously identified

Figure 32 Fine Motor - Outcome of developmental assessment at 27-30 month by NHS
Boards
Source: Child Health 27-30 Month Review Statistics (24 April 2018)
Dental Health – P1 & P7
Untreated dental decay is a persisting issue in Fife with 24% of P1 children with current
decay in 2018, which is slightly above the national average.
0
5
10

Percentage of P1 children in Scotland with untreated decay; by NHS Board in 2018
Source: ISD National Dental Inspection Programme (NDIP) 2018
Data for P7 children is consistent for this, with 32.72% of children inspected requiring to
seek dental care in the near future due to history of tooth decay (i.e. receiving B letters
from the NHS board). This compares with 2017 when across Scotland, 9.5% of P7
children had untreated decay, with the lowest being 1.6% in NHS Orkney to the highest
being 14.4% in NHS Fife.
NHS Board Estimated
Total no.
of P7
children in
Local
Authority
schools
Total no.
of P7
children
inspected
Proportion
(%) of P7
children
inspected
Proportion
(%) of A
letters
issued
Proportion
(%) of B
letters
issued
Proportion
(%) of C
letters
issued
Fife
3,942 3,588
91.02 1.81 32.72 65.47
Scotland 56,142 49,914 88.91 2.10 26.73 71.15
Source: ISD National Dental Inspection Programme (NDIP) 2018

Justice and Personal Security
175 children were the child protection register in Fife in 2017, an increase of +18 on the
previous year. The rate is however lower than Scotland’s (2.7 vs 2.9) and over the past 10
years this has been decreasing:
2014 2015 2016 2017
Number
on
Register
Rate Number
on
Register
Rate)
Number
on
Register
Rate)
Number
on
Register
Rate
Fife 230 3.6 182 2.8 157 2.4 175 2.7
Scotland 2,877 3.2 2,741 3.0 2,715 3.0 2,631 2.9
Table 53 Number of children on the child protection register and rate per 1,000(1)
population aged 0-15 in Fife and Scotland
Source: Children's Social Work Statistics 2016/17 (11 June 2018) – Table 2.4
Political and civic participation and representation
Across Scotland, in 2016, just over a quarter (27%) of applications received for public
appointments were from people aged under 50. Nearly a third (31%) of those appointed
belonged to the under 50 age group (Public Appointments in Scotland 2016 Diversity
Analysis Report - March 2017), there is no further breakdown at local level at this moment.
A survey of local councillors in Scotland in 2017 showed that the average age is 53 years
old46. Less than 20% of respondents were aged below 40 and 6.9% of councillors were
aged between 70 and 79, which was 1% higher than the percentage who were aged
between 18 and 29.
46 Scotland’s Councillors 2017-2022

Working Age
Demographics
Adults aged 16-64 make up 62% of Fife’s population which is lower than the
national average (64%). Also, a lower proportion of this group is
economically active (67.6% vs 69% for Scotland) and a higher proportion is
retired (16.5% vs 14.9%).
Fife’s age groups: Count Percentage
All aged under 16 64333 33029 31304 17% 18% 16%
Working age 230159 113548 116611 62% 63% 61%
Pension age 76918 33735 43183 21% 19% 23%
All aged 65 & over 74592 33735 40857 20% 19% 21%
All aged 75 & over 32089 13459 18630 9% 7% 10%
All aged 85 & over 8587 3027 5560 2% 2% 3%
All 371,410 180,312 191,098 48.5% 51.5%
A further breakdown in 5-year bands is given below for Young People (15-24) and Adults
(25-64):
Area 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39
Scotland 290,040 356,609 382,248 355,080 339,053
Fife 20,533 24,391 22,081 20,913 21,828
Males Scotland 148,274 179,137 190,376 174,490 166,226
Males Fife 10,533 11,999 10,799 10,006 10,549
Females Fife 10,000 12,392 11,282 10,907 11,279
Table 55 Fife and Scotland Population breakdown, 15-39.
Area 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64
Scotland 325,033 385,070 407,049 378,886 329,011
Fife 21,964 26,805 27,986 26,456 23,176
Males Scotland 159,473 185,460 197,378 184,607 159,938
Males Fife 10,808 12,963 13,561 12,940 11,270
Females Fife 11,156 13,842 14,425 13,516 11,906
Table 56 Fife and Scotland Population breakdown, 40-64.
A key equality concern for working age adults is that between 50 and 64, this age group is

the main providers of unpaid care in Fife (16.9%), with most giving 1-19 hours:
LEVEL OF CARE PROVIDED PER WEEK
Age 0
hours
1-19
hours
20-34
hours
35+
hours
Total % of age
group who
provide care
(>0 hours)
0 to 24 97.6% 1.6% 0.3% 0.5% 100.0% 2.4%
25 to 49 89.9% 5.8% 0.9% 3.4% 100.0% 10.1%
50 to 64 83.1% 10.3% 1.6% 5.1% 100.0% 16.9%
65 and over 89.3% 4.1% 0.9% 5.7% 100.0% 10.7%
All people 90.7% 5.2% 0.9% 3.3% 100.0% 9.3%
Table 57 Age of Carers in Fife
Source: Scotland’s Carers (Census 2011 - Based)

Equality in Fife Report

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