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1. Introduction
A girls aged 10–19 years is classified as an adolescent by the
World Health Organization. Adolescence is the period of
transition between childhood and adulthood, and it is
distinguished by the child's growth and development. The
child's physical, psychological, and biological development
takes place throughout this time. It is acknowledged as a
unique stage in a girl's life that necessitates special attention.
Menarche is a significant biological event in a woman's life
since it signifies the start of her reproductive phase. The
average age at menarche is between 12 and 13 years of age ,
which is very constant across populations. Unfortunately,
due to a lack of understanding about menstruation
preparation and management, or due to a lack of willpower,
many women are unable to regulate their periods.
The wastes produced by a female throughout her
reproductive years are known as menstruation wastes.
Menstruation, often known as menses, periods, or the
monthly bleeding cycle , produces these wastes. The
follicular phase (proliferative), ovulation phase, and lacteal
phase are the three phases of the menstrual cycle
(secretary). Hormones control menstruation; throughout
this process, the endometrial, the uterine lining, thickens
and sheds; resulting in bleeding that lasts 3–5 days on
average and up to 7 days on rare occasions. Two-thirds of
the endometrial lining is lost during menstruation.
Menstrual fluid also contains mucus and vaginal secretions
in addition to blood.
Menstrual flow differs from woman to woman, and it may
be heavier or lighter at the start of menstruation or fluctuate
during the cycle. Menstrual fluid ranges in color from red to
brilliant red to dark brown to black. When menstrual fluid
comes into touch with air, it may or may not have an
unpleasant odor. Menstrual flow and duration alter before
and after menopause, as well as during gynecological
malignancies. Menstrual flow increases in the presence of
fibroids, polyps, and endometriosis and excessive blood loss
via menstruation can lead to anemia.
To deal with this phase, women have created their own
personal techniques. Personal preferences, resource
availability, economic status, cultural customs and beliefs,
education status, and understanding of menstruation all play
a role in these methods. Menstrual hygiene practices are of
great concern because they have a health impact; if ignored,
they can lead to toxic shock syndrome, reproductive tract
infections (RTI), and other vaginal disorders . Adolescents'
health is significantly impacted by poor genital cleanliness.
Adolescents' health is significantly impacted by poor genital
cleanliness. Because most girls are unaware of or
misinformed about menstruation, they are unprepared for
menarche. The major goal of this study was to summaries
the issues and potential solutions for managing menstrual
waste in low-income nations. The goal of the review article
was to learn more about menstrual practices, product
design, demand, and disposal methods. It contains a
description of contemporary menstrual hygiene needs and
management, as well as an examination of current
understanding in public health, water and sanitation, and
solid waste management.
2. Cultural Beliefs and Restrictions during Menstruation
Cultural conventions, parental influence, personal
preferences, economic standing, and social pressures all
influenced menstrual hygiene behaviors. Menstrual beliefs
are myths and attitudes about menstruation held by people
of a certain culture or religion. Menstrual hygiene
management was linked to menstrual attitudes, knowledge,
and behaviors . We discovered several cultural and religious
ideas about menstruation by researching literature,
publications published in journals, and reports available on
the Internet. These standards stood in the way of excellent
menstrual hygiene practices. Cooking, labor activities, sexual
intercourse, bathing, praying, and eating particular foods are
all restricted for many women . These limits were imposed
because of the public's general impression of menstruation,
which is that it is filthy and unclean.
5 Reasons why you should always use sanitary pads and
not the cloth.
1-No worry of leakage-
High-quality sanitary pads prevent leaking, saving your
expensive clothes from blood stains and you from
embarrassment. You may wear them with any type of
clothing you want, whether it's a casual one or a
spectacular party costume, and you won't have to worry
about leaking damaging your clothes, especially if
you're bleeding heavily.
2-No worry for cleaning and disposal-
Pads are less likely to be mistreated than their cloth
equivalents because they are thrown away as soon as
they become soiled. Furthermore, unlike cloth for cloth
pads, there is no need to clean and dry them on a
regular basis. If you are a busy woman with no time for
such things, the procedure of cleaning and drying fabric
becomes more difficult.
3-Convenient-
Sanitary pads, unlike cloth pads, are available in a
number of styles, sizes, and absorbency levels. As a
result, you can select any of them that best meets your
needs. They also have an odour that protects you from
the unpleasant stench of bleeding.
4-Best for travelling-
If you're out of the station and you suddenly discover
you're on your period and there's no way to find your
cloth pads in your luggage, you'll understand the
necessity of sanitary pads that are both conveniently
accessible and portable. So, in that situation, all you
have to do is go to a nearby marketplace and purchase a
pack of sanitary pads; don't worry about the cost; they
are not prohibitively expensive.
5-Prevention for vaginal infection-
Cloth pads, if not handled with care and cleansed
correctly, can lead to vaginal infection, which can lead
to a variety of disorders. It develops as a result of
bacteria production, which occurs as a result of
uncleanliness. As a result, you should transition to
sanitary pads as soon as possible to avoid the hassle of
washing and drying cotton pads. So, think twice before
using the cloth, and if you already are, stop using it
immediately because you are more likely to become
infected and harm your health.
 Sanitary Napkins Manufacturing company

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Sanitary Napkins Manufacturing company

  • 1. 1. Introduction A girls aged 10–19 years is classified as an adolescent by the World Health Organization. Adolescence is the period of transition between childhood and adulthood, and it is distinguished by the child's growth and development. The child's physical, psychological, and biological development takes place throughout this time. It is acknowledged as a unique stage in a girl's life that necessitates special attention. Menarche is a significant biological event in a woman's life since it signifies the start of her reproductive phase. The average age at menarche is between 12 and 13 years of age , which is very constant across populations. Unfortunately, due to a lack of understanding about menstruation preparation and management, or due to a lack of willpower, many women are unable to regulate their periods. The wastes produced by a female throughout her reproductive years are known as menstruation wastes. Menstruation, often known as menses, periods, or the monthly bleeding cycle , produces these wastes. The follicular phase (proliferative), ovulation phase, and lacteal phase are the three phases of the menstrual cycle (secretary). Hormones control menstruation; throughout this process, the endometrial, the uterine lining, thickens and sheds; resulting in bleeding that lasts 3–5 days on average and up to 7 days on rare occasions. Two-thirds of the endometrial lining is lost during menstruation.
  • 2. Menstrual fluid also contains mucus and vaginal secretions in addition to blood. Menstrual flow differs from woman to woman, and it may be heavier or lighter at the start of menstruation or fluctuate during the cycle. Menstrual fluid ranges in color from red to brilliant red to dark brown to black. When menstrual fluid comes into touch with air, it may or may not have an unpleasant odor. Menstrual flow and duration alter before and after menopause, as well as during gynecological malignancies. Menstrual flow increases in the presence of fibroids, polyps, and endometriosis and excessive blood loss via menstruation can lead to anemia. To deal with this phase, women have created their own personal techniques. Personal preferences, resource availability, economic status, cultural customs and beliefs, education status, and understanding of menstruation all play a role in these methods. Menstrual hygiene practices are of great concern because they have a health impact; if ignored, they can lead to toxic shock syndrome, reproductive tract infections (RTI), and other vaginal disorders . Adolescents' health is significantly impacted by poor genital cleanliness. Adolescents' health is significantly impacted by poor genital cleanliness. Because most girls are unaware of or misinformed about menstruation, they are unprepared for menarche. The major goal of this study was to summaries
  • 3. the issues and potential solutions for managing menstrual waste in low-income nations. The goal of the review article was to learn more about menstrual practices, product design, demand, and disposal methods. It contains a description of contemporary menstrual hygiene needs and management, as well as an examination of current understanding in public health, water and sanitation, and solid waste management. 2. Cultural Beliefs and Restrictions during Menstruation Cultural conventions, parental influence, personal preferences, economic standing, and social pressures all influenced menstrual hygiene behaviors. Menstrual beliefs are myths and attitudes about menstruation held by people of a certain culture or religion. Menstrual hygiene management was linked to menstrual attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors . We discovered several cultural and religious ideas about menstruation by researching literature, publications published in journals, and reports available on the Internet. These standards stood in the way of excellent menstrual hygiene practices. Cooking, labor activities, sexual intercourse, bathing, praying, and eating particular foods are all restricted for many women . These limits were imposed because of the public's general impression of menstruation, which is that it is filthy and unclean.
  • 4. 5 Reasons why you should always use sanitary pads and not the cloth. 1-No worry of leakage- High-quality sanitary pads prevent leaking, saving your expensive clothes from blood stains and you from embarrassment. You may wear them with any type of clothing you want, whether it's a casual one or a spectacular party costume, and you won't have to worry about leaking damaging your clothes, especially if you're bleeding heavily. 2-No worry for cleaning and disposal- Pads are less likely to be mistreated than their cloth equivalents because they are thrown away as soon as they become soiled. Furthermore, unlike cloth for cloth pads, there is no need to clean and dry them on a regular basis. If you are a busy woman with no time for such things, the procedure of cleaning and drying fabric becomes more difficult. 3-Convenient- Sanitary pads, unlike cloth pads, are available in a number of styles, sizes, and absorbency levels. As a result, you can select any of them that best meets your needs. They also have an odour that protects you from the unpleasant stench of bleeding. 4-Best for travelling-
  • 5. If you're out of the station and you suddenly discover you're on your period and there's no way to find your cloth pads in your luggage, you'll understand the necessity of sanitary pads that are both conveniently accessible and portable. So, in that situation, all you have to do is go to a nearby marketplace and purchase a pack of sanitary pads; don't worry about the cost; they are not prohibitively expensive. 5-Prevention for vaginal infection- Cloth pads, if not handled with care and cleansed correctly, can lead to vaginal infection, which can lead to a variety of disorders. It develops as a result of bacteria production, which occurs as a result of uncleanliness. As a result, you should transition to sanitary pads as soon as possible to avoid the hassle of washing and drying cotton pads. So, think twice before using the cloth, and if you already are, stop using it immediately because you are more likely to become infected and harm your health.