Role of Ayurvedic Drugs in Mudhagarbha by Dr. Rashmi Srivastava Reader P.G. Deptt Of Dravayaguna RGGPG Ayu. College Paprola

1. Role of Ayurvedic Drugs in
Mudhagarbha
Presented By
Dr. Rashmi Srivastava
Reader
P.G. Deptt Of Dravayaguna
RGGPG Ayu. College Paprola

2. Mudgarbha
• Rkeso dnkfpn~ foo`)e~ vlE;x~ vkxre~ viR;iFk
vuqizkIre~ vfujL;ekua
• foxq.kkikueksfgra xHkaZ ew<+xHkZfeR;kp{krsAA
• lq0 fu0 8@3
• The definition is given by Sushrut and Vagbhata
actually includes almost all the conditions of
obstructed labour.

3. Prefix “ vi” denotes special or exaggerated and word vridha means
the growth thus it includes obstruction caused by generalized over
size of the fetus i.e. macrosomia or local over growth of a part of the
fetus such as ascities, hydrocephalus or congenital tumors etc.
The fetus coming abnormally or with different presentations
includes all mal presentations and positions.
Vivridha garbha
Asamyak Agata

4. • Unable to deliver after reaching the passage-
Vagbhata has clearly mentioned the word abnormal passage
which ultimately causing obstructed labour.
• Abnormality of apan vayu-
Abnormality of apan vayu causing sammohan of garbha.Main
function of apana vayu is to expel the fetus by stimulating
myometrium, naturally its abnormality will produce obstruction
to the movement or delivery of fetus by influencing myometrial
activity. It may be considered as obstruction to the process of
descend of fetus or in the progress of labour due to abnormal or
feeble uterine contractions or uterine inertia.
Apatypathanuprapt Anirsyamanam
Vigunapanmohitam

5. Clinical features of Mudhagarbha
In classics it is mentioned that abnormally moving apana vayu
obstructs the progress of fetus and produces pain in abdomen,
vagina and retention of urine.
Doshic involvement-
Main Dosh – Vayu, specially apan vayu.

6. Role of Vata in Prasav
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7. • Vayu when unvitiated, holds up the systems and organs,
initialize upward and downward movements, leads and
controls mind, employs all sense organs in their activities,
stimulates agni ( digestion) absorbs doshas, and normal
elimination of excreta. Foetal growth and child birth is
also controlled by Vayu. Vata is the master of the body
orchestra , no activity occurs without the initiation ,
motivation and stimulation of vata. Even Vayu controls
the Pitta and Kapha and their activities. All movements,
physiology of circulation, digestion, excretion, sensory
and motor functions etc are carried out by normal vata.

8. Karam of apana vayu
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• ’kqØkrZo ’kd`Uew= xHkZ fu”Øe.k% fØ;%AA ¼v- â-lw-
12@9½
• Apan vayu is located in apana disha perineal region. It traverses
along shroni ( pelvis) basti (urinary bladder) linga external gential
apparatus of each sex and oru (thighs). It is concerned with the
expulsion of sukra (semen), artava (menstrual blood) sakrit
(faeces) mutra (urine) and garbha the product of conception
foetus and placenta.
• So Apan vata is also called as Prasuti Maruta.

9. List of drugs used in mudhgarbh
Langali Bhurjpatra
Guggulu Arka
Kusth Snuhi
Patha Pippali
Chavaya Chitraka
Shigru Hingu
Madanphala Upkunchika
Vidanga

10. • Drugs used in mudhagarbha through-
External route
Internal route – oral
• External route-
• Yoni dhupan(Fumigation in vagina)
• Yoni purna (Filling in vagina)
• Pichu dharn ( Vaginal tampons) (tail)
• Different types of Basti

11. • Drugs for fumigation -
Bhurjpatra,kustha,sarshapa
Langali,tumbi,nimb
• Drugs for filling in vagina -
Nimba
Shalmali
• Drugs for Lepa-
Langali,Patha,kustha.
Paste of langali should be applied over palms and abdomen.
• Vaginal tampons-
Satpushpa
Kustha
Madanphal
Hingu
• Different types of Basti-
Anuvasan, Asthapan, Uttarbasti e.g. Erand and drugs Dashmoola

12. Lepa
Lepa application should be gently rubbed in an upward (pratiloma)
or reverse direction as of the hairs over the skin to make the action
of the application quick and effective. Because of this type of
application, Lepa enters into Romakup and further get absorbed
through Swedavahisrotas and siramukha, and hence produces
effective results.

14. Mode of action of lepa
Most of the drugs which are used to prepare the
lepa or pichu are having Saponins.
• These Saponins increases membrane permeability
by interaction with membrane cholesterol. Thereby
it increases the concentration of intracellular
calcium which is the key factor in muscle
contraction.
• B-sitosterol increases amplitude and frequency of
phasic contractions due to non-estrogenic effect.
• Some of the alkaloids present in these drugs have
oxytocic property like Asarone in vacha, Hexane in
Pippali and Ricinoleic acid in Eranda taila.

15. YONI PICCHU
• Picchu application is a type of Sthanik Chikitsa or
type of Snehan-oleation therapy. The topical
application of drug has advantage of producing
high drug concentration near the tissue and a
high influx through the membrane is thus
achieved.
Function of Picchu Cha.Su 22/11
Snehan (Unctuousness)
Vishyandan (Fluidity)
Mardavata (Softness)
Kledana (Moistness)

16. Probable mode of action of Picchu
• Picchu makes the perineal muscles soft and smooth.
• It lubricates the entire vaginal canal due to its
unctuousness and thus prevents unnecessary friction.
• Oil of Picchu has anti-microbial property so destroys
pathogenic bacteria of vaginal canal.
• Repeated vaginal examination during Picchu
application can cause slow rise in maternal plasma
oxytocin level, also daily Picchu insertion causes
cervical irritation leading to slow production of
prostaglandins which enhances gap junction
formation there by initiates labour.
• Picchu application also initiates Ferguson Reflex.

17. • Role of Tail used in Picchu
1.Tila taila
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13@12
Its properties are mentioned as Madur in Ras
and Vipak but Ushna in Virya. Principal
constituent of Til taila has high percentage of
polyunsaturated fatty acid (omega-6 fatty acids).
Also role of fatty acids in cervical ripening and
parturition has been established.

18. Importance of Basti
• Sushruta mentioned that the Virya of the Basti medicines spreads
all over the body just as water poured at the root reaches all parts
of the tree through the micro and macro channels.
• Acharya Parashar narrated that Guda is the main root of body
and contains blood vessels in it. So, the Basti administered in the
Guda nourishes all the dhatu and organs of the body and
eliminates the vitiated doshas.

19. • ACCORDING TO MODERN
• The mechanism of action of Basti can be postulated as-
According to modern science, as per Basti/Enema concerned, in
transrectal route, the rectum has a rich blood and lymph supply and
drugs can cross the rectal mucosa like other lipid membrane. Thus,
unionized and lipid soluble substances are readily abosorbed from the
rectum. The portion absorbed from the upper rectal mucosa is carried
by the superior haemorrhoidal vein into the portal circulation, whereas
that absorbed from the lower rectum enters directly into the systemic
circulation via the middle and inferior haemorrhoidal veins. So the
effect of BASTI can be seen all over the body.

20. Pharmacodynamic properties of drugs
used in mudhagarbha-
S. no Name Botanical
name
family rasa guna viraya vipaka
1. Patha Cissampelos
pareira
Menisperm
iaceae
Katu,
tikta
Laghu,
Ushna,
Tikshna
Ushna Katu
2. Langli Gloriosa
superba
Colchiceae Katu,
Tikta
Laghu,
Tikshna
Ushna Katu
3. Eranda Ricinus
communis
Euphorbiac
eae
Madhura Snigdha,
Tikshna,
Sukshma
Ushna Madhura
4. Vacha Acorus calamus Araceae Katu,
Tikta
Laghu,
Tikshna
Ushna Katu
5. Pippali Piper longum Piperaceae Katu Laghu,
Tikshna,
Snigdha
Anushna Madhura
6. Kustha Saussurea lappa Asteraceae Katu,
Tikta
Laghu,
Ruksha,
Tikshana
Ushana Katu

21. 7. Chavya Piper chaba Piperaceae Katu Laghu,
Ruksha,tiks
hana
Ushna Katu
8. Chitraka Plumbago
zeylanica
Plumbaginac
eae
Katu Laghu,
Ruksha,
Tikshna
Ushna Katu
9. Chirbilva Holoptelea
integrifolia
Ulmaceae Tikta,
Kashay
Laghu,
Ruksha,tiks
hana
Ushna Katu
10. Arka Calotropis
procera
Asclepiadace
ae
Katu,
Tikta
Laghu,
Ruksha,
Tikshna
Ushna Katu

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23. Name Original Drug Substitute/adulterant
Manjistha Rubia cordifolia Linn Stem of Rubia cordifolia
Ashoka Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Polyalthia longifolia
Priyangu Callicarpa macrophylla Vahl Aglaia roxburghiana, Prunus mahaleb
Nagkeshar Mesua ferrea Linn Cinnamomum tamala, Mammae longiflia, Calophyllum
inophyllum
Sthonayak Taxus baccata Linn Abies webbiana
Madhuyasthi Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Roots of Abrus precatorius
Vidanga Embelia ribes Burm F. Embelia robusta, Myrsine africana
Daruharidra Berberis aristata DC Berberis lycium, Berberis asiatica, Coscinium fenestratum
Chirayta Swertia chirayita Karst Swertia Sp., Andrographis paniculata
Akarakarabh Anacyclus pyrethrum DC Achillea millefolium, Spilanthes acmella
Jatamamsi Nordostachys grandiflora Selinum vaginatum Hkwrds’kh
Selinum tenuifolium ewjkekalh
Some substitutes of the drugs

24. ERAND
Botanical Name -Ricinus communis.
Family -Euphorbiaceae
Pharmacological Properties:
Rasa - Madhura
Guna - Snigdha, tikshna, sukshma
Veerya - Ushana
Vipaka - Madhura
Karma - Kaphavatashamaka.
Parts used: Roots, leaves, flowers, seed and seed
oil.

25. Chemical composition
In root & root bark
Germanicol ester derivative , an unidentified
triterpene, inorganic material-K-
Na,Mg,Cl,No3,Fe,Al,Mn,Ca,Co3. & gallotanins.
Oil:
Chlorogenic, oleic, palmitic, ricinoleic, stearic,
dihydrostearic uric acids, hexadecanoic, hydrocyanic
& tocopheroles.

26. • Action mainly on Reproductive System:-
❖Used as Garbhashyashodhaka. (Sushruta)
❖Contraceptive. (Y.R.)
❖It causes uterine contractility, as it is mentioned as
abortifacient by Yogratnakar.
❖The castor oil metabolite ricinoleic acid activates
intestinal and uterine smooth-muscle cells via EP(3)
prosta-noid receptors in humans. Thus it induces
labour by increasing the uterine contractions.

27. Ricinus communis
aaa

28. Arak
Botanical name- Calotropis procera
Family- Euphorbiaceae
 Pharmacological properties-
Rasa- Katu, Tikta
Guna- Laghu, Ruksha, Tikshana
Virya- Ushana
Vipaka- Katu

29. • Calotropis procera increases glycogen and protein
content.
• An experimental study has been done to see the effect of
alcoholic extract of calotropis procera on uterine cervical
and vaginal acid and alkaline phosphatase activities.
• In an experimental study published in FASEB journal on 1
April,2009 it is concluded that Petrolium-ether extract of
C. procera shows abortifacient effect by inducing
myometrial contraction of uterus by binding to beta2-
adrenergic receptor.
Action mainly on Reproductive System:-

30. Calotropis gigentia
aaaaaaaaaa

31. Calotropis procera

32. Patha ( Cissampelos pareira Linn)
Family- Menispermaceae
 Pharmacodynamic properties-
Rasa- katu, tikta
Guna- Laghu, tikshana
Virya- ushan
Vipaka- katu
Doshganta- kaphavatashamaka
 Chemical constituents- saponin, cyclein, cissampelina, cissamin
chloride, hayatine, pelosin.
 Action on Reproductive System:-
 It used for menstrual problems, hormonal imbalance, easy child
birth, post partum pain , control uterine hemorrhages.

33. Cissampelous pareira Linn
aaa

34. PIPPALI
Latin Name- Piper Longum.
Family- Piperaceae
 Pharmacological Properties:
Rasa - Katu
Guna - Laghu ,snigdha ,tikshna
Veerya - Anushna (sheeta when fresh)
Vipaka - Madhura.
Karma - Kaphavata Shamaka
 Parts used: Roots and dried spikes.

35.  Chemical composition:
 In roots:
Piperine, piplartine, triacontane, dihydro-stigmasterol
an unidentified steroid, reducing sugars, glycosides,
sesamin and methyl 3-4-5 trimethoxycinnamate.
 In stems :
Two alkaloids piperlongumine and piperlonguminine
characterized as n-(3-4-5, trimethoxycinnamoyl)-
piperidin -2- one and isobutyl amide of piperic acid
respectively.
 Dried fruit :
N-isobutyldeca-trans-2-trans-4-dienamide, piperine,
piplartine, lignin d–sesamin, two piperdine alkaloids-
pipernonaline and piperun-decalidine.

36. • Essential oil:
Terpinolene, zingiberene, P- cymene, P-
methoxyacetophenone, traces of dihyrocarveol,
phenylethyl alcohol and two sesquiterpenes.
• Piperine:
It can turn a marginally effective substance into a
highly effective one by simply raising
bioavailability and intracellular residency time.

37. • Action on reproductive system:
It contracts the uterus.
It is used as contraceptive drug. (Y.R.)
Its crude extract and hexane fraction exhibits
uterine activity similar to myometrial contraction
required for expulsion of fetus at term.
• External Use:-
– Increases blood flow.
– Acts as counterirritant and give analgesic effect.

38. Piper longum
aaa

39. Vacha
Botanical name - Acorus calamus.
Family - Araceae.
Pharmacological properties
Rasa - Katu, Tikta
Guna - Laghu, Tikshna
Veerya - Ushana
Vipaka - Katu
Karma - Medhya Prabhava,Kaphavata
shamak
Parts used: Rhizome.

40. Chemical composition
Asarone, calamenol, calamenone, eugenol,
methyleugenol, – pinene and camphene, various fatty
acids, calamone, acoradin, azulene two selinane type
sesquiterpenes – acolamone and isoacolamone.
 Action On Reproductive system:
❖Calamus root contain high concentrations of asarone.
These are oxytocic in nature which accelerates the
contractility of the muscles.
❖It is also known to increase the receptors of oxytocin
in the myometrium.
❖Analgesic and anti-spasmodic activity due to β-
asarone compound.

41. Acorus calamus
aaa

42. Kustha
Latin Name - Saussurea lappa
Family - Compositae
Pharmacological properties:
Rasa - Tikta, Katu, Madhura
Guna - Laghu,Ruksha, Tikshna
Veerya - Ushana
Vipaka - Katu
Karma - Vatakapha shamak
Parts used: Moola

43. Chemical compositions –
Chemical present - Essential oil, Costol Taraxas-terol,
Costunolide, Dehydro costuhactone, Sitosterol,Alpha-
cyclocostunolide, Sesquitepenes, Ar-curcumene, Costol-
lactone.
Action on reproductive System-
Kushta is a useful uterine stimulant. Kushta is effective in
regulating menstrual cycles and end painful periods.
Kushta increases male fertility by improving semen
morphology.

44. Saussurea lapa
aaa

45. Langli
Latin Name - Gloriosa superba
Family - Liliaceae.
Pharmacological properties
Rasa - Katu,Tikta
Guna - Laghu, Tikshna
Veerya - Ushana
Vipaka - Katu
Karma - Vatakapha shamak
Parts used: Tuber

46. Chemical composition
Its tuber contains beta- sitosterol, long chain fatty
acids, b and g-lumiccolchicines. Seed contains high
level of colchicines, cornigerine, 3-demethyl
colchicine.

47.  Action on reproductive System-
❖ The extract has significant anti-
implantation and abortifacient activities.
❖ It also exhibits spasmogenic activity.
❖Extracts of the rhizome are applied topically during
childbirth to reduce labour pain.
❖The aqueous extract of Gloriosa superba show oxytoxic
activity and early abortifacient activity which may be
due to the presence of alkaloids such as colchine.

48. Gloriosa superba
aaa

49. Chavya
Latin Name - Piper retrofractrum
Family - Piperaceae
Pharmacological Properties:
Rasa - Katu
Guna - Laghu ,Ruksha,tikshana
Veerya - Ushna
Vipaka - Katu
Karma - Vatakapha shamak
Parts used: Roots and fruit.

50. • Chemical constituents:
❖ Stem bark contains lignan an alkaloids, such as piper amine; 2, 4-
decadienoic acid piperidine; kusunokinin and pellitorine.
❖ Stem contains piperine, β-sitosterol and piplartine. Several free amino
acids and monosaccharides also identified.
Three amides - N-isobutyltrideca-13(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)
2,4,12-trienamide (I), filfiline (N-isobutyldocosa-trans-2, trans-4, cis-
10-trienamide) and N-isobytyleicosa-trans-2, trans-4, cis-8-trienamide
(II) have been isolated from fruits (Rastogi and Mehrotra, 1990 & 93).

51. ❖Root contain some alkamides such as piperine,
sylvatine, piplartine and piperlonguminine and
also β-sitosterol (Ghani, 2003).
Action on Reproductive System :
• The dried mature unripe fruits and roots have
oxytocic property.

52. Piper retrofractum
aa

53. Chitrak
Latin Name - Plumbago zeylanica
Family - Plumbaginaceae
Pharmacological Properties:
Rasa - Katu
Guna - Laghu ,Ruksha,Tikshna
Veerya - Ushna
Vipaka - Katu
Karma - Vatakapha shamak
Parts used: Root-bark

54. Chemical composition
Plumbagin,3 – Chloroplumbagin,Plumbagic
Acid,Isozeylinone,Glucose,Fructose,Aspartic
Acid,Hydroxyproline,Enzymes Protease and
Invertase.
Action on Reproductive System
It has oxytocic and abortifacient property.

55. Plumbago zeylanica
aa

56. Chirbilva
Latin Name - Holoptelea integrifolia
Family - Ulmaceae
Pharmacological Properties:
Rasa - Tikta,Kashay
Guna - Laghu ,Ruksha,yikshana
Veerya - Ushna
Vipaka - Katu
Karma - Vatakapha shamak
Parts used: Root-bark

57.  Chemical composition
It contains terpenoid, sterols, saponins, tannins, phenols,
flavonoids, glycosides and quinines. Numerous compounds
including Holoptelin- A and B, beta amyrin, beta sitosterol,
botulin, hexaconasol and octaconasol have been identified
and isolated from plant species.
 Action on Reproductive System
It has oxytocic property.

58. Holoptelea integrifolia

59. aa
Naagkesar

60. Ashoka
aaa

61. aaaa
Aavartini Dhatki

62. aa
Bhurjpatra Shatavari

63. aaa
Priyangu Lodhra

64. Devdali
aa

65. Mundi
aa

66. Shivlingi
aaa

67. Thesis done on Sukh-Prasava in the
Deptt. Of Stri and Prasuti Tantra

68. Contd.

69. Research work-
 Commelina Africana (Asclepia daecue), Duranta repens(
commelinaceae), Hyptis Suaveolens(verlenaceae), Ocimum
gratissimum (lamiaceae) saba comorensis(lamiaceae), sclerocarya
birrea (Apocynace), Vernonia amygdlina(malvaceae), Sida corymlosa
(anacardiaceae) above plants were documented and characterized.
Aqueous extracts from these plants induced significant sustain increase
in human myome smooth muscles cell contractibility, with varying
efficiencies, depending upon time and dose of exposure.

70. Take home message
• Besides GACP and GMP we also require GCP (Good Clinical
Practice).
• Success shows the proper application of all the measures
and success,in turn, indicates the physician endowed with
all the qualities.
• We should explore the extra pharmacopoel drugs.
• Ayurvedic physicians are required to be updated for recent
advances.
• If we follow the natural principles and laws we will not be in
trouble.