This document presents a proposed drowning sensor and automatic emergency door detonating safety system. The system would include a water level sensor, pressure sensor, and controlled detonating system. If a vehicle becomes submerged, the water level sensor would detect water rising above the windows and activate the detonating system. The detonating system would then detonate the door hinges, loosening the doors to allow occupants to escape in a drowning situation before it's too late. Statistics show that annually around 10% of drowning deaths are from submerged vehicles, motivating the need for such an underwater escape system.

1. DROWNING SENSOR AND
AUTOMATIC EMERGENCY
DOOR DETONATING SAFETY
SYSTEM
Presented by…
Badal Biswas (U10AM005)
Deepak Panthi (U10AM007)

2. ABSTRACT
Any car accident is frightening, but an accident in which your
vehicle is thrown into the water with you trapped inside is
absolutely terrifying.
Although fencings are built around a road nearby a waterbody
to prevent such accidents, but accidents are imminent. And no incar
safety system have been invented to prevent such mishaps.
A vehicle equipped with Drowning sensor and automatic
emergency door detonating safety system under a drowning
situation, senses the water level rising above the windows and it
automatically activates a controlled detonating system which
detonates the door hinges that loosens the door for the occupant to
escape the vehicle on time.

3. INTRODUCTION
 It is an electronically operated automatic safety
system.
 Drowning Sensor and Automatic Emergency Door
Detonating Safety System consists of a water level
sensor, a pressure sensor and a controlled detonating
system.
 When a vehicle is submerged under water, different
forces acts on the vehicle body creating high pressure
from all the sides.

4. Under such conditions it is very difficult to
open the vehicle’s doors or any of the other
emergency exits.
So, Drowning Sensor and Automatic
Emergency Door Detonating Safety System
helps the occupants to escape on time.

6. DROWNING STATISTICS
 Annually, 10% of drowning deaths is associated with
submerging of vehicles.
 Based on the Fatal Analysis Reporting System(FARS)
case study, there are 247 vehicle submersion events
annually.
 Amongst this 247 vehicle submersion cases where
412 occupants were involved, 299 occupants are
reported dead.

7. METHODOLOGY
Firstly we need to calculate the pressure
under water…
We need to define the depth for which we
need to set a fixed value for the pressure
sensor.
There are two conditions:
1. When it is fresh water
2. When it is saline water

8. 1. When it is fresh water
Multiply the depth(in ft) by 0.432 lbs per
feet. The resulting pressure will be in pounds
per square inch(psi).
2. When it is saline water
Multiply the depth(in ft) by 0.445 lbs per
feet.
Where the value 0.432 and 0.455 lbs per ft
are the ambient pressure of fresh water and
saline water respectively.

9. Pressure Sensor
PS100-2BAR
Pressure Sensor

10. Pressure Sensor Specifications
Model
PS100-2BAR
Max capacity
2 BAR ( 29 PSI )
Supply voltage
DC 9V
Operating Temperature
0 C to 60 C
Output
Full capacity output = 100 mV DC
Size
30 mm dia. x 85 mm.
Weight
160 g.
Cable length
1 meter
Wire
Connection
2 pins for 5V DC power supply.
2 pins for 100 mV DC output signal.

11. Water Level Sensor
An Electronic Water Level
Sensor

12. Water Level Sensor Specifications
Pressure range
0 - 25 Bar
Operating temperature
-40 c to +85 c
Materials
Stainless steel
Length range
100~ 2000 mm
Operating range
27 mm diameter

13. Detonating System
An EXPLOSIVE BOLT is used as the detonating
component in Drowning Sensor and Automatic
Emergency Door Detonating Safety System.
It is a controlled detonating system and
completely harmless.
It is coupled with pressure sensor and water level
sensor.

14. Explosive Bolts
It is an explosive attachment device for
mechanical connections equipped internally
with an explosive charge.
This detonation is strong enough to rapture the
vehicle door hinges from the vehicle body.
This bolts have safety and timing of all
secondary explosives.

15.  The minimum diameter is 0.5 inch having a
tensile strength of 21,000 lbs.
 Bolts are fabricated from high strength alloy steel.
An Explosive Bolt

16. An exploded view of the Explosive Bolt

17. Implementation of Explosive Bolts
Explosive bolts and door hinge pins have
similar dimensions.
Due to this similarity we can replace the usual
door hinge pins by explosive bolts.

18. A Door Hinge

19. Construction
Fig: Circuit Diagram of DSAEDDSS

21. Conclusion
We have seen that every car drowning accident
result in atleast one casualty, which accounts for a
100% fatality. As an automobile engineer it is our
responsibility to design such a safety system which
will ensure 0% fatality cause “every life counts”.
And also as only the pin of the hinge is
fractured, it can be replaced and used again at a very
low cost cause “every penny counts”.