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MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY  WITH  SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON FLUMAZENIL Author : Jaimin Patel  (III year resident),  K.M. Mehariya (Associate professor) DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRICS  M. P. SHAH MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAMNAGAR, GUJARAT
Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Material and Method Department of pediatrics,  G. G. Hospital, Jamnagar. Study place CBC, Urine BS/BP, Fundus, LFTS, USG Abd, Blood Glucose. Investigation 29 Total No of Patients January 2001 to June 2003, 2.5 years. Study period Etiology, Complications and treatment outcome. Looked for  Stages I to IV Patients divided into  Prospective descriptive Type of study
Stages IVa  : Marked confusion, coma; responds to painful stimuli IVb  :Deep coma; no response to painful stimuli Stuperous; speaks and obeys simple commands Drowsy; inappropriate behavior; flap+ Confused; altered mood or behavior; Psychomotor defects; No flap Stage 4 Stage 3 Stage 2 Stage 1
Treatment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Flumazenil One of mech of Hepatic encephalopathy is Increased endogenous  Benzodiazepines Mech  : Flumazenil competitively antagonizes Benzodiazepines Metabolism : liver, Half life : 1 hr. Duration : 30 to 60 min. Dose  : 0.01 mg/kg (max dose :0.2 mg) than 0.005-0.01 mg/kg (max dose : 0.2mg) given every Q 1minute to max total cumulative dose of 1 mg. Doses may be repeated in 20 minutes up to max of 3 mg in 1 hr.
Observation and Results.................
Incidence 1.87/1000
Age: 3.4 years average Sex: M:F :: 1.4:1 Etiology:
Stages
Complications
Investigations Urine Bile salts Bile pigments: 27/29 Serum Bilirubin: 8.6 average PT prolonged in 14/29 SGPT: Raised in all  <500 : 4 501-1000 :15 >1000 : 10
Treatment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Expiry
Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Hepatic Encephalopathy

  • 1. MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON FLUMAZENIL Author : Jaimin Patel (III year resident), K.M. Mehariya (Associate professor) DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRICS M. P. SHAH MEDICAL COLLEGE, JAMNAGAR, GUJARAT
  • 2.
  • 3. Material and Method Department of pediatrics, G. G. Hospital, Jamnagar. Study place CBC, Urine BS/BP, Fundus, LFTS, USG Abd, Blood Glucose. Investigation 29 Total No of Patients January 2001 to June 2003, 2.5 years. Study period Etiology, Complications and treatment outcome. Looked for Stages I to IV Patients divided into Prospective descriptive Type of study
  • 4. Stages IVa : Marked confusion, coma; responds to painful stimuli IVb :Deep coma; no response to painful stimuli Stuperous; speaks and obeys simple commands Drowsy; inappropriate behavior; flap+ Confused; altered mood or behavior; Psychomotor defects; No flap Stage 4 Stage 3 Stage 2 Stage 1
  • 5.
  • 6. Flumazenil One of mech of Hepatic encephalopathy is Increased endogenous Benzodiazepines Mech : Flumazenil competitively antagonizes Benzodiazepines Metabolism : liver, Half life : 1 hr. Duration : 30 to 60 min. Dose : 0.01 mg/kg (max dose :0.2 mg) than 0.005-0.01 mg/kg (max dose : 0.2mg) given every Q 1minute to max total cumulative dose of 1 mg. Doses may be repeated in 20 minutes up to max of 3 mg in 1 hr.
  • 9. Age: 3.4 years average Sex: M:F :: 1.4:1 Etiology:
  • 12. Investigations Urine Bile salts Bile pigments: 27/29 Serum Bilirubin: 8.6 average PT prolonged in 14/29 SGPT: Raised in all <500 : 4 501-1000 :15 >1000 : 10
  • 13.
  • 15.