The document discusses the meanings behind colors, symbols, and lines used in medieval heraldry when designing a personal coat of arms. Specific colors like blue and white represented loyalty and peace. Common symbols like eagles symbolized power and strength. Different line styles on shields conveyed additional meanings, with wavy lines symbolizing water or the sea. The passage concludes by outlining one student's design choices for their personal shield incorporating these heraldic elements - a blue and white shield with an eagle symbol and wavy lines to represent the sea.