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The Role of Risk Aversion in the Decline of the Perfumery Art.   by Tony Burfield,  Cropwatch  www.cropwatch.org   World Perfumery Congress, Cannes,  2 nd  June 2010 .
Cropwatch’s actions. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hand-cutting lavender in the UK, before anybody had heard of the term: ‘acute contact dermatitis’!
QC lab. in the days before the concept of ‘Health & Safety at Work’ – note lighted cigarettes dangling from lips of staff!
A bit of history… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SME’s locked out of safety policy considerations. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
EU Cosmetics Commission Policy. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
So, its all going according to plan then… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SME’s in other areas. ,[object Object],[object Object]
Neem tree Zanzibar (extracts not supported as permitted EU biocide).
Traditional herb seller in Sikkim, smiling (as not affected by THMPD!).
The FDA & the EWG . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Declining Perfumer’s Palette. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The ‘Zero-Risk Mindset.’ ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Withdrawal of Fragrance Ingredients. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Derelict vanilla plantation, Seychelles. EU/IFRA policy will repeat similar scenes.
Old clove distillation works, Zanzibar before eugenol was classified as R36-43. Subsequently became twice as derelict!
Who cares about the restriction of fragrance ingredients, & anyway, how would we ever find out? ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Declining Perfumer’s Status. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Creative Limitations due to Hazard Classifications of Ingredients. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Overdose. ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Overdose II. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Citrus Oils: a Double Whammy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Citrus Oils II. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Citrus oils III. ,[object Object],[object Object]
Weak Rodent Carcinogens.  Restrictions are  severely  limiting the deployment of natural aromatic ingredients containing alleged carcinogens, within fragrance formulations (information below abstracted from IFRA-IOFI Labelling Manual 2009). This policy is having a negative impact on the ability to create spice notes in fragrance formulae. 3 3 R22-40-68  Clove bud, bay WI, pimento leaf & berry, rose oils, cananga, citronella Sri Lanka etc. Methyl eugenol Xn 3 3 R22-40-43-68  Basil exotic, tarragon, fennel, star anise etc. Estragole Xn 3 2 R45-22-68 Cinnamon leaf, nutmeg, mace, star anise etc.. Safrole T Mutagen category Carcinogen category Risk phrases Found In Substance, Hazard symbol
Weak Rodent Carcinogens - Safrole. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Safrole - occurrence. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Safrole  - dissenting opinion ,[object Object]
Allergens - alleged and otherwise. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Allergens Revisited? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Allergens – what now? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Other natural product allergens. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Substances allegedly ‘Dangerous  for the Environment’. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Spicy Issues. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Naturals : Are Supplies Running Out? ,[object Object],[object Object]
Toxicity studies on individual  natural ingredients  – welcome to the world of make-believe! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reductionism in Botanical Classification. Commiphora erythrea  Engl. var.  glabrescens.  Also: C, kataf  (Forssk) Engl. C. guidotti Chiov. C. holtiziana  Engl.  holtiziana C. pseudopali  JB Gillet COSING: Commiphora erythrea Engler var. glabrescens Engler gum extract and oil CAS No 93686-00-1 INCI: Opoponax oil is the volatile oil obtained from Commiphora erythrea  or related species . CAS 8021-36-1; EINECS-CAS: 100084-96-6 Opoponax qualities from  Commiphora erythraea  Engl. var.  glabrescens  Engl.  – according to IFRA Standards Oct 14th 2009 From several Litsea spp. Including  Litsea cubeba  (Lour) Pers.,  L. enosma & L. mollifolia  Chun. Litsea cubeba fruit oil from berries of Litsea cubeba. CAS No: 68855-99-2; EINECS-CAS No:  90063-59-6 Litsea cubeba oil Cinnamomum camphora  L. var.  linaloolifera  Fujita; C. camphora  Sieb var.  glavescens  Hayata. COSING: Cinnamomum camphora linalooiferum wood, leaf and root oils all listed. Ho oil (shui). No botanical origin cited in IFRA-IOFI labelling manual 2009. CAS 8022-27-9; EINECS-CAS No: 91745-89-0. Mainly Cupressus funebris Endl. Also  Juniperus chinesis ,  J .  formosana ,  J. vulgaris .  COSING: Cupressus funebris wood oil from twigs of Cupressus funebris. CAS No: 85085-29-6. Cedarwood oil Chinese. No botanical origin cited in IFRA-IOFI labelling manual CAS No: 8000-27-9; EINECS-CAS No: 85085-29-6. Mainly  Artemisia herba-alba  Asso Also: A. mesatlantica  Maire;  A.  atlantica  Cross. Dur.;  A. vulgaris  L. COSING: Armoise not listed as such, but lists Artemisia herba-alba herb oil CAS No: 84775-75-7; Artemisia herba-alba oil INCI: Artemisia herba-alba herb oil leaf oil CAS No: 84775-75-7. Armoise: Artemisia alba; A. vulgaris - according to IFRA-IOFI labelling manual 2009 CAS No 68991-20-8 (both species). [A. herba alba extract also listed separately]. Actual species used.  INCI name / COSING “perfuming name”: species cited. IFRA name /  species cited (if any).
Reductionism in Botanical Classification II.   Bursera aeoxylon  (Schneide) Engl. wood and/or berry oil; also from other Bursera spp. including: B .  delphechiana  Poisson B. glabrifolia  HBK B. simaruba  L.  Bursera Fagaroides wood oil is an essential oil obtained from wood of the Linaloe, Bursera Fagaroides syn.  (?)  B. glabrifilia, B. delpechiana Burseraceae CAS No: 92874-96-9 Linaloe wood oil CAS 8006-86-8. Botanical sp. not specified in IFRA-IOFI Labelling Manual 2009.  Savin oil comes from  Juniperus sabina L.  Cropwatch maintains that Savin oil has never been associated with  J.   phoenicea , which is commonly known as Phoenician Juniper. Savin oil not listed [Juniperus phoenicea L. wood oil rectified  is  listed].  Savin oil  Juniperus phoenicea  L. according to IFRA-IOFI Labelling Manual 2009. CAS No: 68916-94-9. IFRA Standards: Savin oil should not be used as a fragrance ingredient if prepared from  Junperus sabina  L. Only oils prepared from  Juniperus phoenicea  L. should be used, Santolina   chamaecyparissus  L.  S.  chamaecyparissus  ssp. incana S.  chamaecyparissus  ssp.  squarosa S.  chamaecyparissus  ssp. tormentosa - All produce eo’s with different compositions INCI: Santolina Chamaecyparissus Extract is an extract of the Garden Cypress Santolina chamaecyparissus L. Asteraceae CAS No: 84861-580- Santolina oil – botanical sp. not specified in IFRA Standard Actual species used. INCI name / COSING “perfuming name”: species cited. IFRA name /  species cited (if any).
Tarred with the same brush. ,[object Object],[object Object]
IFRA’s 44 th  Amendment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Acronyms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
References. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
References cont’d. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Tony Burfield at World Perfumery Congress Cannes June 2010

  • 1. The Role of Risk Aversion in the Decline of the Perfumery Art. by Tony Burfield, Cropwatch www.cropwatch.org World Perfumery Congress, Cannes, 2 nd June 2010 .
  • 2.
  • 3. Hand-cutting lavender in the UK, before anybody had heard of the term: ‘acute contact dermatitis’!
  • 4. QC lab. in the days before the concept of ‘Health & Safety at Work’ – note lighted cigarettes dangling from lips of staff!
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  • 10. Neem tree Zanzibar (extracts not supported as permitted EU biocide).
  • 11. Traditional herb seller in Sikkim, smiling (as not affected by THMPD!).
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  • 16. Derelict vanilla plantation, Seychelles. EU/IFRA policy will repeat similar scenes.
  • 17. Old clove distillation works, Zanzibar before eugenol was classified as R36-43. Subsequently became twice as derelict!
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  • 26. Weak Rodent Carcinogens. Restrictions are severely limiting the deployment of natural aromatic ingredients containing alleged carcinogens, within fragrance formulations (information below abstracted from IFRA-IOFI Labelling Manual 2009). This policy is having a negative impact on the ability to create spice notes in fragrance formulae. 3 3 R22-40-68 Clove bud, bay WI, pimento leaf & berry, rose oils, cananga, citronella Sri Lanka etc. Methyl eugenol Xn 3 3 R22-40-43-68 Basil exotic, tarragon, fennel, star anise etc. Estragole Xn 3 2 R45-22-68 Cinnamon leaf, nutmeg, mace, star anise etc.. Safrole T Mutagen category Carcinogen category Risk phrases Found In Substance, Hazard symbol
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  • 38. Reductionism in Botanical Classification. Commiphora erythrea Engl. var. glabrescens. Also: C, kataf (Forssk) Engl. C. guidotti Chiov. C. holtiziana Engl. holtiziana C. pseudopali JB Gillet COSING: Commiphora erythrea Engler var. glabrescens Engler gum extract and oil CAS No 93686-00-1 INCI: Opoponax oil is the volatile oil obtained from Commiphora erythrea or related species . CAS 8021-36-1; EINECS-CAS: 100084-96-6 Opoponax qualities from Commiphora erythraea Engl. var. glabrescens Engl. – according to IFRA Standards Oct 14th 2009 From several Litsea spp. Including Litsea cubeba (Lour) Pers., L. enosma & L. mollifolia Chun. Litsea cubeba fruit oil from berries of Litsea cubeba. CAS No: 68855-99-2; EINECS-CAS No: 90063-59-6 Litsea cubeba oil Cinnamomum camphora L. var. linaloolifera Fujita; C. camphora Sieb var. glavescens Hayata. COSING: Cinnamomum camphora linalooiferum wood, leaf and root oils all listed. Ho oil (shui). No botanical origin cited in IFRA-IOFI labelling manual 2009. CAS 8022-27-9; EINECS-CAS No: 91745-89-0. Mainly Cupressus funebris Endl. Also Juniperus chinesis , J . formosana , J. vulgaris . COSING: Cupressus funebris wood oil from twigs of Cupressus funebris. CAS No: 85085-29-6. Cedarwood oil Chinese. No botanical origin cited in IFRA-IOFI labelling manual CAS No: 8000-27-9; EINECS-CAS No: 85085-29-6. Mainly Artemisia herba-alba Asso Also: A. mesatlantica Maire; A. atlantica Cross. Dur.; A. vulgaris L. COSING: Armoise not listed as such, but lists Artemisia herba-alba herb oil CAS No: 84775-75-7; Artemisia herba-alba oil INCI: Artemisia herba-alba herb oil leaf oil CAS No: 84775-75-7. Armoise: Artemisia alba; A. vulgaris - according to IFRA-IOFI labelling manual 2009 CAS No 68991-20-8 (both species). [A. herba alba extract also listed separately]. Actual species used. INCI name / COSING “perfuming name”: species cited. IFRA name / species cited (if any).
  • 39. Reductionism in Botanical Classification II. Bursera aeoxylon (Schneide) Engl. wood and/or berry oil; also from other Bursera spp. including: B . delphechiana Poisson B. glabrifolia HBK B. simaruba L. Bursera Fagaroides wood oil is an essential oil obtained from wood of the Linaloe, Bursera Fagaroides syn. (?) B. glabrifilia, B. delpechiana Burseraceae CAS No: 92874-96-9 Linaloe wood oil CAS 8006-86-8. Botanical sp. not specified in IFRA-IOFI Labelling Manual 2009. Savin oil comes from Juniperus sabina L. Cropwatch maintains that Savin oil has never been associated with J. phoenicea , which is commonly known as Phoenician Juniper. Savin oil not listed [Juniperus phoenicea L. wood oil rectified is listed]. Savin oil Juniperus phoenicea L. according to IFRA-IOFI Labelling Manual 2009. CAS No: 68916-94-9. IFRA Standards: Savin oil should not be used as a fragrance ingredient if prepared from Junperus sabina L. Only oils prepared from Juniperus phoenicea L. should be used, Santolina chamaecyparissus L. S. chamaecyparissus ssp. incana S. chamaecyparissus ssp. squarosa S. chamaecyparissus ssp. tormentosa - All produce eo’s with different compositions INCI: Santolina Chamaecyparissus Extract is an extract of the Garden Cypress Santolina chamaecyparissus L. Asteraceae CAS No: 84861-580- Santolina oil – botanical sp. not specified in IFRA Standard Actual species used. INCI name / COSING “perfuming name”: species cited. IFRA name / species cited (if any).
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Editor's Notes

  1. Photo by kind permission of William Ransom Ltd.
  2. Photo by kind permission of William Ransom Ltd. Note lighted cigarettes dangling from the mouths of the two directors!
  3. 10,000 tons/annum vanillin produced in 1991; perfumery accounts for 20-25% of this figure.