1. !$#% ')(*,+-/.0!1+23#
!1.4576!+2!.8+9:;7!
=@?ACBED;FHGIKJMLNPOHQR'O)SCJTIUAVO;?GWOX=YN[Z]^GB'GaN3IbLFdcdefO3L;g
h)ijhkNHIl=nmGWZoZpSHGWO[qHG;crdGts[JuOHv=wAVOxczy{P|W}~|h^€

2. ‚‚
ƒ„
…%†‡-‰ˆ5 ^†-Š7!
…‹!z†d:Œ.0Ž†-Š7!
…61+^:+†-lŽ‘ ’“1 1x-Š]#”':+•.–-/Ž—†P “9-˜’Š-‰†)™
…š:+9!^† ””’Š-lŽ‘ “’‰+›œ”' Ž—†-lŽž+
…Ÿ™P†C+9 ' Ž'62-‰†C+'Ž†d:+
…Ÿ™P†C+9Žž7”7!'+9!^†C
…œ61 '+¡,“C¢a+'Ž†-£ˆ+^]#:+^V’¤†C
…œ61 '+¥,“C¢a+'Ž†-£ˆ+^
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

3. ®'
‚'
ƒ
…‹ ¯°-˜!'+0±!'.$:,¯06^†C]²!'†C°!1 .87+^]²!1
V!1•³C†C°.0t-b!¯'§66173²+†[Ž
…††P+9’/-˜-˜!1 ^†C+6t-lŽ‘ !1+zž#“^††PŽž7!z†x:7’
†x61+”1 ^†x6'´6t-lŽ‘ !1+z‘
µAGEB¶B'GWOX=J·NPZ¸Zº¹»KAI¼ªPJMQF[q[InI½J¾LaNPO3GEB¿»

4. IbAV?Bw=@I½JTÀÁJTOHv
DCAVD;q[ZMNX=JMAVOL)GWOX=¶GWIÂBag
…††PŽ'61 !¯8+†d6'+Ž•’/-˜ ^†C+Ã#“z††CŽž7!^†x:7’
†x61+”':+'Ž5-Š;+†‡-b-˜!1¯ !1.” z†x61´³+• z†d6'+9
P™P†C+9‘
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

5. ÄÅÆÇ01
ƒ
…›+”':+^;+9!z††x61+!1.+9’¤™•-˜!¯Žž7!Žž+9”^†C´°7
””':– Ž•6
…ȍz†d’/-b!1+†d6'+P™P†C+9 ' Ž'62-‰†C+'Ž†d:+´
Žž7!z†d:7’Â’‰+9´ °†x61+¯0’‰7“1 ’„ z†x°V”61+9:+
…É+^~Ž•t-˜“+†d6'+Žž7”7!'+9!^†C´VŽ•6
Žž7!z†d:7’Â’‰+9«
…*,+•¯ ’7 !1.+†x62-lŽ‘ ’ŒÊ01+^C†-Š7!'ž# !.†d6'+-Š;§'+^
´´ +^ 1x-˜“2-˜’/-‰†)™ !1.Žž°C†pË“+9!'+5Ì͆†x 1.+‘ÎH ':+
7!’Ï™“1t-Ð+5Ñ,™Žž7!1x-/.8+9:+•.¿
…61++Ò'-ŠC†C+9!Žž+´†d6'+†P+•Ž'6!'7’‰–¯2™†P
-˜”’Ó+9+2!^††x61+³+^ ^†x61+2Žž7!z†x:7’Ô’‰+9-Š”’‰ 'd-b“’‰+
z††x61+†-˜+ !¯8+´Õ°Ö'׌ؖ֙Ù+^ 1:ž
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

6. ÚÛ„'
KÇ7Ü9
½Ü
…61++• '݆x6ÍÞb z†d°V”6'+9:+61 '“+z+9!
6^™”†x61+zd-Šß—+•.†C“+Ž•61 1†-lŽ
…š61 1°-˜”’/-Ð+^†x6 z††x6'+9:+-Š Ì!2-‰†C+
”':+•.°-lŽ†[ “9-b’/-‰†)™†-˜+’/-˜-‰†
àA?N=á=¶GI–FHAammGWZoZ[=tFHGN=@?ACBD[FHGI˜GJâBAVªãB:GIlS3G)QNPOHQ
?ApQ[GWZ©GãQÙg
…š61 1° ’Ó-˜”’/-Š+^+9!'x-‰†‡-‰ˆ•-‰†)™†CV ’Ô’
”+2݆d“ z†-Š7!'‘
…ä;+9t-Š+z´VŽ•6”+9݆x“1 z†‡-Š,!1†C†d6'+
z†d°V”6'+9:+-/¯06^†“+.8+5ˆ•-Š;+•.†C+5+'Ž†‡-£ˆ+2’Ï™
Žž7!z†d:7’$†x61++5ˆ7’ԍz†‡-Ð7!´†x6'+ ^†x§”61+2:+
eл2=@FHGNX=@?ACBED[F3GIbGJ©BAVªãB'GWIlSHGãQNPO3Q?ApQ;GZåG)QBEq)æL3J¾GOX=tZº¹
mGZ¸ZÓg
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

7. çÅ
KÇ0

8. ˜pè

9. é
˜Ü
…%†‡-Ð7!1„ŽêŽ'ˆ+9 61¯+V”+'Ž†x´
‡Žê ’‰+^-˜!†x61+ z†x°V”61+9:+Ã
…Ÿ ’Ô’‰+2§”1 ^†-/ ’7~Ž‘ ’‰+^61 ^ˆ+§6'°Ý†C+9†-˜+
‡Žê ’‰+^ž
R•InIUAIÔBJuO=tFHGBE?NPZoZåGEBw=„B'LaNPZåGEBëmëJTZoZxL)AV?D[ZåGt=¶GWZº¹
LXA§OX=YNP?JTO«N=ÝG=@FÁACB:GB'LaNPZåGEBAVO=@FHGLWF«NHINHLt=¶GWI½J©Bì=J¾L=JT?G
B'LÁNPZ©GN)BÝBYApL3J·N=ÝG)QmëJí=tF=@F«N=„BD«N=J·NPZB:LaNPZåG;g
…61+^;++9::³-˜’Ô’$†x61+2!-˜!1.$Žž++9:°:-˜!†x61+
!'+Ò‘†’£ '¯8+9~Ž‘ ’‰+ !.7!Íêê
…䆆x61+ +†‡-˜+Ã# .2ˆ+'Ž†-Š7!-b”’/-Š+^†d61 z†
†-˜!•™+9::7!†d6'+’£ '¯8+~Ž‘ ’‰+^³-˜’Ô’Û-˜!†x!
Ž‘ ';+’£ '¯++9::,!†x61+V61݆P+zP†~Ž‘ ’‰+^ž
61+^;+-˜!z†P+2 Ž†-Š7!'’‰+• 1.†C Ì!9-‰†C+”':+•.°-lŽ†[ “9-b’/-‰†)™
†-˜+’/-˜-‰†
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

10. îÇ1
KÇÜzè„ÜêéÜ
ïð3ñ§ò9ójñ‘ôÙõdñö‘÷øÙñ‘ùnúð~ûüzýŠýü5ûþ5ý£ÿó5ñzóþ—ù ñ§õÿ¸ð3ñêý¾ú
õ
jöðHñêôþêñêùózù

11. —ü
PÿTöôVðÿÔýŠý^ðÁñVñ‘ù ñõ —üjö
Pÿ¤õðãú§ðÁñ‘û
ÿ ‘ÿÔôÿãðüùìüÙõÁö•ù
…+z7!1 !Žž+0±7!'+P™P†C+9+9!z†d 2-˜!' !1†x6'+9
³-‰†x6”1 1݆-/ ’¿-˜!•´° ^†-Š7!
…!'C†[ “’Ó+”+9t-ŠŒ.°-lŽ“9-Ó†PŽê !“+´ 7’Ô’‰•³+•.
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

12. ÆxçWÛ1
ƒWÇ01
KÇ,
ózù:ùñ‘ô
öþêñ‘ùìü
PÿTö8ô]üzýþ—ùìüjõPÿ¤õdñü
õdñêôÁñêùð
ÿÂýŠý/óVðùìüÁñ ]ü
jñ]ú^ô—üzûÿÏõ~ð5öžøÙñ‘ù:ôêÿÂô jñ
ü
ûöð‡þ jñ‘ùñõüzôêññ!ùñ‘ûñêý¾úðHñêôVð;ÿPÿoøjñÁöð~ûü5ýŠý
õ
]üzô5ñxðÿÂôÿÔô‘ÿPÿ£ü5ý1õdöô#ÿPÿ¤ö8ô§ð•üêÿÂý¾ú$%!žüzûþzýoñxð
ð~ó5ûûü—ù¶ÿ'xñ(ÿÂô —ü
÷¶öýŠýoö(ðÿÂôÙõžýŠó#5ñ )
…É ^†P 'x-˜-˜’£ z†‡-Ð7!
…*+9!'+9 ^†-Š7!´+9!'+9“’‰+^
… '¯8+†C+•.7“';+9Yˆ5 ^†-Š7!'
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

13. îéÜ+‡
KÇéÅfÜ-,
WÛ1
ƒ/.ÛéÜ
…0.1Î21ä. z†[ 1;x-˜-b’£ ^†-Š7!Ì!1.†x6'+§ ’Ô’‰+^C†
¯0’‰7“1 ’”+2݆d“ z†-Š7!$# '+• '§:+•.“]™†d6'+
”'t-Št-„°“1 Ž1(ž¯0:7!1.+9:Žžˆ5 't-/ !Ž‘+z
…Ÿ-˜!1¯$’£ 'ˆ+'Ž†C°:]#'+^.†P¯+9!'+9 z†P++9!1;+9“’Ó+
´ :+'Ž‘ 1C†P]# ':+†x61+´ 1C†P+zP†¯$:•³-˜!¯
”+2݆d“ z†-Š7!' “7^† ¯°-£ˆ+9!Œ.8+9’ô :+'Ž‘ 1C†
ˆ+9 Ì!2-‰†P+†-˜+-˜!z†P+2Yˆ5 ’
… '¯8+†C+•.7“';+9Yˆ5 ^†-Š7!' ':+.8+9”’‰1™j+•.-˜!†d61 z†
:+•¯°-Š7!´†d6'+-˜!2-‰†‡-Š ’7C†[ z†P+³69-lŽ•6$#-£´“+†«†C+9
7“'+2Yˆ+•.¿#Û³7’£.-˜”':ˆ+†x61+´°:+'Ž‘ 'P†´†x6 z†
C†P
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

14. 3è„Ü‘éCÇ
˜êÇ0Æ
4ózùþ—ù öþêöêð3ñ(õpö8ô
ùö8ýŠý¸ñ‘ùÿuðð;ÿÂûÿÂý¤üùÿÂô5ñ‘ôjñ‘ùìüzýÁö
÷Ýñpñ5]üjõ6õdöôùöý•ðãú§ðÁñ‘ûðõdöûûö8ôÿÂôûüzôdúÿÔô8óVðùÝÿ‰üzý
þùö9õdñdðÁðHñdð879 jöñ~øjñêùÿÿ¸ð9ùñÙüý¾úõpö8ûþ5ý£ÿ¤õü
Áñ[ú ñ
…“+9´.8+•¯0:+^+^´´):+^+•.87:+•Ê09-˜:+^.†P
:+9”':+^;+9!z††x61+ z†d°V”6'+9:+ .8+•Ê0 z†P+2’Ï™
…61+!'7!’Š-˜!1+^ 1!1 ^†x:+´†d6'+¯8ˆ+9!2-˜!¯
+•Ê0 z†-Š7!'
…61+”1 Ž5-‰†)™´7“1;+9Yˆ5 z†‡-Ð7!1´†x61+
z†d°V”6'+9:+
…61+:+•Ê09-b:+9+2!^††d61 z†Žž7!z†d:7’“++5+•Ž—†C+•. ^†
x-/¯$!2-£Ì뎑 !^††-˜+’£ 1¯
…61+.°-;:Ž•’¤†)™´+5+'Ž†-˜!1¯Žž7!z†d:7’
…61+ “2-/¯017'!1 z†d:+´†x61+Ì„¯0:+´+2t-‰†
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

15. ÛÇ7
Ü'Çé'
KÇ=ÇH
?@ABACD
EF@GABAF@H
BIBBIB@BIB@
NLOBPOQLG
JKHBLMCBJKHBLMCB
EF@BOFDDLOUC@GFM
RSSLTBH
VFWLO@A@X
YQHLOWCBAF@H
RZPCBAF@H
R•Z¨JT?JTO«N=ÝG=@F3G[AVªãB'GWIlS«NX=JMAVOãB]NPOHQ[L)AVOX=tIUAVZ¸Z©GWI2=wABEFHAam
FÁAamNà^'?ApQ[GWZdNPD[D3IbAãsPJT?N=¶GB„=tFHGN=t?APBED[FHGWIbG
µFHGBNP?Ga§AamLF«NHIl=ÛQ[GEB:LI½JTªPGBŒ=tFHGQN=YNN)BÝBtJu?JTZMNX=JMAVO
Bw¹aBì=¶GW?b½=tFHGGEBì= Ju?N=¶AIdc7mëJ=@FCJTO=@FHGL)AVOX=tIUAVZ¸Z©GWIJí=ìB'GZí»
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

16. é
KÇ7Û1

17. îCÇ0êWÜ
µFHGO[q[?ªPGWI1AC»Q[G)vpI˜G)GBÛAW»9»áIbGãG)QPA§?IbGeVqCJuI˜G)Q=wA
IbGWD3IbGB'GO)=7=@FHGN=t?APBED[FHGWIbGNÁQ[Gfepq«N=ÝGZí¹Xg
µFHGOÁAVO[Z¨JTOHGaNHI0O«N=@q;IbGAW»9=tFHGvPAWSHGWI¼OCJTOHvGepqN=JMAVOãBagµFHG
N=t?APBED[FHGWIbGJ©BOHAVO[Z¨JuOHGÁNHI8NPOHQBYA§?G=JT?GEBQxJâB:LXAVOX= JuO;qÁAVqãBag
gA‡I9GtsWNP?D[Z©GcLZ©AVqHQWBF«NXS3GBEF«NHInDGãQ[v[GBag
µFHGD«NPqHL«Jí=¹NPOHQJuONÁL)LWq[INÁLE¹AW»AVªãB'GWIlSN=JMAVOãBAW»2=tFHG
N=t?APBED[FHGWIbG;g€N=¶GWZoZ¨Jí=ÝGEBD3IUACSCJ¾Q[GNF[qHv[GSÁA§Zoq[?GAW»
JTO)»½A‡I¼?N=JMAVOxgkAamGESHGI^=tFCJâBJTO)»KAI¼?N= JåAVOJ©BOÁA=NPZím–N ¹ãBJTO
=@F3GI½J¾vpFX=D[Z¾NÁL)GcNÁL)LWq[INX=¶GGOÁA§qHvpFxcAIAC»2=@FHGIKJMvpF)=7=n¹[D[G;g
µFHGLXAVO)=@IUA§ZÙ?qãBì=ªPGGihzGãLt=¶GãQN=„BJMvpOPJkjLÁNPOX=7= Ju?GZMNHvWB
=wA?JTOCJu?Jml)G=@FHGBtJml)GAC»2=@FHGDPGWI/=tq[I¼ª«NX=JMAVOãBacV¹XGt=,=@F3G
Bw¹aBì=¶GW?JâBJTO[FHGWIbGO)=@Zí¹q;O[D3IbGãQxJ¾Lt=YN[ª[Z©GNX=ZâAVO3vZåGaNHQ= Ju?GEBÁg
µFHGQxJâæLWq[Zº=n¹AW»GihzGãLt= JuOHvLXA§OX=@IbAVZÏgµFHGLXA§OX=@IbAVZ
?G)LWF«NPOCJ©BE?BQ[AOHA=Œ¹G=ëGsPJ©Bì=XgµFHGJMQ;GaNPZÙD[GI/=tq[I¼ªN=JMAVOãBac
mÛFCJTZ©GB?N[ZoZJTONP?D[Z¨Jí=tqHQ[G;c5?N@¹ª[GZ¾NHI˜v[GJuOB'LÁNPZåG;g
µFHGNP?ªCJ¾vpqÁAVqãBO«NX=@q[I˜GAW»2=@FHGjvVq[IbGAW»,?GWI½J=XggAI
JTO[F«NPªCJ=YN[OX=BAC»àGm­InZ©GÁNPOãBacÙGWZ·JT?JuON=JTOHvNF[q[I¼IKJMLÁNPOHG
=@F;IbGaNX=Œ=wA=@F«NX=ÛL3J=n¹?N ¹=YNPÀ GD3IbGãL)G)Q;GOHLãGAWS3GI9NPZ¸ZxGZB'G;g
nqX=JuOv[GWOHGIfNPZdN=á=¶G?DX= JuO3v=¶ABN=J©Bw»f¹?q;Z= JuD[ZåG
AVªpoáG)L=JâSHGB?N ¹IbGBEq[Zº=JuOLXA§Oa]J¾Lt=BÁg
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

18. 3è„ÜêéÇ,éÜ
…+2t-lŽ‘ ’ó+• ^†x6'+9”1:+^.–-lŽ†-Š7!
…É ^†P 'x-˜-˜’£ z†‡-Ð7!P™C†P+9
…Ÿ ^†C+9’Ô’Š-‰†P+:+9†C+;+9!'d-b!¯
…œ+9݆d“1 ^†-Š7!'
…š7”z†C+9†P+•Ž'6!'7’‰–¯2™
…Ÿ™P†C+9-b!^†C+•¯0 ^†-Š7!
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

19. Æé‡
KÇ7ÛÅ
KÇ01
ƒ
…ä.9ˆ5 !Žž+^-˜!Žž7”z†C+9”•³+9³-˜’Ô’Œ+9!1 “’‰+†x6'+
:+5Ì!'+9+9!z†´›œ
¦8q[InIbGO)=FCJ¾vpFI˜GEBYA§ZoqX= JåA§O?GBYArq B'LaNPZåG?ApQ[GZBDCAdJTOX=,=@FHG
m–N ¹»KAI8NÁQSNPOHLãGEBJTOvpZ©AVª«NPZÙ?ApQ;GZB
…sÒ‘†d ”,’£ ^†-˜!1¯´ °Õ°Ö™Ù+• ':§1¯¯8+^C†P¯0’‰7“1 ’
Œ.+9’¿:+^,’ԍ^†-Š7!´ ””':'Ò'-˜ z†P+9’¤™tvu wx
…%°:+ !.:+´†d6'+”6^™x-lŽž´†x61+
z†d°V”6'+9:+³-˜’Â’“+:+^;7’ψ+•.+Ò”’/-lŽ5-‰†x’Ï™
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

20. yÛÜ•Ü9

21. é

22. f'
ƒÜzè„Ü‘éÜ
…61+Ž•:+2!^†P†P ^†C+‘ÎH´ÝÎã†x61+žÎ« '݆-Š0.Îz1ä
­DPGIfN=JMAVO«NPZ~}‡Q{q}|‘ÍNãB¶BEq[?GEBNDPGI»KGãLt=?AVQ[GZ‡AWS3GI
BEFÁA‡I/=Œ= Ju?GDPGIKJåAVQWBbp~FÁAVq[IÔBA‡I2|W}FÁAVq[IÔBcNPOHQj‘OHQWBë=tFHG
JTOCJí= JN[ZdLXA§OHQxJ=JMAVON=7=@FHGBw=YNHIl=¿AW»2=@FHGDPGWI½JMApQÙcVmÛFPJMLWFªPGBì=
jx=ìBN[ZoZpN)S«NWJTZMN[ª[Z©GA§ªãB'GIÂS«N= JåA§OãBQpq[I½JTOHv=tFHGDPGIKJåApQ
…š:+9!^†:+^+^ 1 Ž•6´ „Ž•1;+^,! ””':'Ò'-b z†‡-Ð7!1
†C†d6'++Ò‘†C+9!.8+•.€ ’Ô !Ì’¤†C+9
µFHGD3I½JTOHL«JuD«N[ZjJ©B¶BEqHGJ©B„=¶AGEæL3J¾GOX=tZº¹Q[GEB:LI½JTªPGNPOHQGESÁAVZíSHG
=@F3GF[qHv[GLXACS«NHIKJNPO3L)G?N=@IKJísQ[GB'LIKJuªPJuOHv=tFHGq[OHL)GWI/='NWJuO)=n¹
AW»9=tFHGBw¹ãBw=¶G?Bw=YN=ÝG;g
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

23. 3Ûê
˜‘éêÜ^Ü9

24. …+³;+9!':61 •ˆ+ˆ+2Y™69-/¯06V”+'Ž†x ’
:+^;7’ԍz†‡-Ð7!
0OHQmëJTZoZD3IUApQVqHL)GFCJ¾vpFHGWI'SHGIl=J¾LaNPZjI˜GEBYA§ZoqX= JåA§O»½AI^=tFHG
IbG=@IKJMGESHG)Q=¶GW?DPGIfN=@q[I˜GNPOHQ?AdJâBw=@q[I˜GD3IUAjêZ©GB
…-/¯06'+9:+z7’^†-Š7!$#¯$:+^ ^†C+9!“+9:´
^†C+9’Ô’/-Ó†P+^]# !.69-/¯06'+9 ŽêŽ• Ž—™ ':++êÒ”+'Ž†C+•.
-˜!†x6'+´)^†x:+
…‚z†d:+’/-/. ';+9!':³-˜’Â’”':ˆ•-Š.+62-/¯06
:+^;7’ԍz†‡-Ð7!Í#62-/¯06 ŽêŽ• Ž—™7“'+2Yˆ5 ^†-Š7!'´
³-˜!1. !1. z†d°V”6'+9t-lŽŽž7”°x-‰†-Š7!
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

25. çHÆx1
Ć
…ä-˜ Ž• •´'†Ž‘,!^†x 9-b’‰
¦^AVOX=tINWJTZBNHIbGGB¶B'GO)=J·NPZoZí¹L3JTI¼InqãBLZ©AVqHQWBNPOHQJTOa‘qHGWOHL)G
ªCA=tF=@FHGBYAVZ¾NHIN[OHQ=@FHGWI¼?NPZÙIfNÁQxJ·N=JMAVOxg€Z·J¾vpFX=ŒSNHI½J·N=JMAVOãB
JTO=tFHG=JT?JuOHvcZ©GESHGWZíBacN[OHQIUAVqX=ÝGEBAW»–NWJTIbLWINX»=„mAVq[ZåQ
D3IbApQpqHLãGDPGIl=@q[Inª«N=JMAVOãBÁg
…Ÿ7’£ ':+5ÑŒ+'Ž†C°:
eƒOZ©AamGaNHIl=@FA‡I¼ªCJ=Xcx=@F3GEB'GmAVq;Z©QD«IUApQpq3L)Gª3IKJMvVFX=,BDCA=B„A§O
=@F3GOCJMvVFX=„BtJ¾Q[G;cNPO3QBF«NÁQPAamÃBAVO=@F3GQ‡N ¹BtJ¾Q[G;g
…Ÿ” Žž+,’£ '”'³+2
€Ù€'v;GOHGWIN=¶AIÂBQPAamÛO;Z·JTO[ÀGO3GIbvW¹JTO=@FHG?JMLWIUAam–N)SHG;g
µFCJâB?N ¹ªPGN=@q[ONPª[ZåGN=@?ACBED;FHGIKJMLFHGÁN=ŒBYAVq[I˜L)Gg
…›-˜!1.”•³+9
0OGOHAI¼?AVqãBvpIKJMQAW»9»NPOãBëmÛFCJ¾LFQPAVq[ª;Z©GãQNãBëmëJTOHQ
=@q;I¼ªCJTOHGEB?J¾vpFX=7=@IfNPOãBw»¼GI8NX=@?ACBED[F3GI½J¾L?AV?GOX=tq[?JTO=@FHG
»KAI¼?AW»GZåG)L=@I½J¾LGOHGWIbv¹)g
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

26. éÆ‘êÇ
è
ƒ ñùñ§ò9óêÿÂùñ‘ûñ‘ô
ãðöž÷8ýoö5]üzýñjü
jñ‘ùõpö8ô
ùö8ý9ü—ùñ
ðü 5ñ‘ùÝÿÂô#„…zó
8ýoö+—üzý†ûö‡5ñ‘ý·ðü ñ
ð~󉈁6jÿÔýoö8ûñÁñêùð«õüzýoñð3ñpñ‘ûü
ü‘ÿÔô—ü 5ý¸ñÿÔô jñŠwŒ‹+u w
ú~ñÙüù9PÿÔûñ÷Eùìüzûñv
…š !†d6'+”1 Žž+´ 1.2ˆ5 !Žž+^-˜!Žž7”z†P+9
†C+'Ž•6!'7’‰–¯2™Žê !“+ 2-˜!z†[ 2-˜!'+•.Ž
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

27. 3è„ÜêéÜ

28. ‘
W'
ƒ
ƒ ñ8ýoö+—üzýñÙü jñ‘ùõdöôùöý•ðãú§ðÁñ‘ûÿ¸ðü
ûñ(•ü‰ˆðãú§ðÁñ‘ûƒö2ö8ý¨ðüzôûñ ö‡5ö8ýoövÿTñxð÷¶ö'ù
ûñ(•ü‰ˆðãú§ðÁñ‘ûðñ‘ô#ÿÂôjñpñêùÝÿÂô —üpøjñêñVñ‘ô8ùÝÿ¨øjñêô[ú
ùñVõpñ‘ô
5ñ‡÷Ýñ‘ô§ð3ñü5ô#üjñ‘ùöð~þ—üÙõdñþ—ù ö{Eñ§õãð8ð~óÙõ
üVð
…61+V” Žž+§6z††x’‰+
…61+C†d z†P+^¯–-lŽ.8+5´ +9!'+-b!9-‰†-/ z†‡-‰ˆ+‘ŸÉ‹“’
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

29. çÜ^”–•§Ç0'
‚Ü
…É+5ˆ+9’‰7” +†x61Œ.†CŽ‘ ’ÐŽ•’£ z†P+†x61+
”+2݆d“ z†-Š7!'!1+^+^.+•.†PŽž7!z†x:7’0†d6'+†x Ž1(´
6t-lŽ‘ !'+0
…—1 !z†‡-‰´:™†x61+x-Šß—+´†x61+”+9݆d“1 ^†-Š7!'
!'+^+•.8+•.†C.†x62-Š‘
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

30. çÜ^”-.‡

31. éÜ^„Æ
ƒ ñ]ü§ð[ÿÏõñ!•þ‘ñêùÝÿÂûñêôÿuðð;ÿÂûþ5ý¾úüø]üùÝÿ‰ü
PÿTöôöô
˜š™,ï›)
…š7!'d-Š.+9;7+-˜!2-‰†‡-Š ’Í´ :+'Ž‘ 1C†´ 6t-lŽ‘ !1+
µFCJâBJ©B„=@FHGq[O[D[GI/=tq[I¼ª[G)QI¼q[Oœ„ggIbAV?= Ju?G{=wA,g
^Jí=tFBì=YN=ÝGEBœb {cÛNPO3Qœb5cg
…š:+• z†P+ ¯8– ’,C†P ^†C+žŸ¡ ¢³-‰†x6†x61+6t-/Žê !'+
”d-‰†-Š7!'+•. z††-˜+ †P“+uvw£x+• 'C†´†x6'+
”d-‰†-Š7!-b!¤Ÿ¡ ¢
…;+0.¥1ä†CÌ!1. !7”z†‡-˜ ’Û”+9݆x“+•.
x-˜’£ z†‡-Ð7!¦
§BtJT?q[Zº=YNPOHG)AVqãBEZí¹?JuOPJu?JmlXGBë=@FHGQxJ¨hzGI˜GOHLãG»áIUAV?=@FHG
vPA‡N[Z§b©5c ª«b©5cN[OHQ=@FHGJTOCJí= JN[Z‡Bì='N=¶G§b {c ªœb{cg
§b {c ªœb{cJâBë=@F3G?JTOCJT?N[ZDPGWI/=@q;I¼ª«N= JåA§O=¶Av[Gt=7mëJ=@FCJTO
§b©5cvª«b5cëAW»2=@FHGvPA~NPZÏg
¦^AVO)=@IUA§ZoZ¨JuO3v=@FHGvpZ©AVª«NPZ‡mGaN=tFHGI¬­Lt=wA§ªPGIi{|;{[{h

32. çÜ^”Ç,ÜîpÆÇ0'
ƒ
¬ö'ù ]ü§ðHñ­êöš ñö1ü5ý–ûÿ¸ð~ûü
Hõ
ü5ô# jñð;ÿ®dñö‘÷
jñÿÂôêÿPÿ‰üzýþêñêùózù

33. —ü
PÿTöôüùñûñjü§ð‡ózùñÿ üð[ÿÔûþzýoñ
ò8ó—ü#9ùìü
Pÿ¤õôjö•ù:û)
¯°
±‰²´³µ²·¶i²¸¹²´º
¦±{³;¶¸Ÿ¡»¼¢9½¤±{³;¶¸Ÿ¡»¢
¾±¿¸
|
Àñ‘ùñÁÂÃrÄ5Å

34. ÆÅ

35. ÇÈŒÊÉ“Åpˏţùüzô#ñö‘øjñêùüzýŠý– jñ9ùÝÿÌþêöÿÂô
ãð
üzô»ÂÃwÅ È#ƒ jñð«õüzý‰ÿÂô#¾5ñ‘þêñêôêðöôzý¾úöô
ø]ü—ùÝÿ‰üzýoñüzôýoñ‡øÙñ‘ýz
ÍvÎÏÐÒÑ2Î(ÓÔÓÖÕ'Ï{×ÐÒØÚÙ×8ÓmÎÛrܹӏÝÊÙÞÜÐØÚÙßÑ–àáâÐãÎ(Û¹ÙßÑåäæçæèæé

36. çêëìví”îëìvíì–ïñðòó
ôõö+÷÷øúùû„üþýÿ“ü‡øø…û

37. ý
¹ý„ý¥÷
þ÷ø5ý/ö+÷øü¥øøûèû¹ý
ô ý!!ù#$
+ö¹ûø%üŽ÷øø%')(*(',+.-ø/0
û132465Ž÷ø6
ñûñùøü78+û„ü¿ý‡ü;û:9#ý‡÷øü; ý
–ý‡÷øúùû
ô

38. ø=
ø-ý?
ûþ÷ûý)¿ý‡÷ø%@
ûø%/ü3,A0 þý/ö+ü„ûþ÷B9
;û:9#ý‡÷C+ùöööùD/ü–ýþùEø%/üF+û„ü÷ûøûøG–ý
÷û„ü3HAý‡÷ûþ÷

39. ýö3ý?
ô ý3ý¥÷B–ý?ýû(ö+÷BAÒûñùý¿ý
„ý‡÷ûö„÷

40. ýø%
øüñù÷

41. ýûý?:9IJýK–ý‡÷B9D- þý‡÷

42. ýøüö„÷
ø=ö,;ûøL/ü
MÙN©Î6OÏQPÐÒØ¿ÕSR…Ý%ÜTRفÏÎ6OÚ×ØÐÎU܁ÕÏГ܁Õ'ÏÐØÚÙØHOèÑÑ©ÕâÞܹÏÚÙ
Ý9ØÚفÏOVRiÕ'ÏÚ×ÐØÚÙRÕWUXèÓÖÕZYŒÙTPXrÜÚÑÜ[UÙСÙßÑ©ÕSÞÜÐÕÎÏVRÁgRáÏ^Ó]ÐØÚÙÕUXèÓÕZYŒÙVPXßÜÚÑdÜ[UÙiÐÙßÑÕZÞÜмմÎ(ÏVRÜÚÑÙâ'OèÑÑÙßÏÐÓ^]ÜTar܁ÕÓÜèÛèÓmÙÕÏ
ÐÒØ{ÙbbcdePCfhgjilkRm]nRÐÙ'Ug
ÍvÎÏÐÒÑ2Î(ÓÔÓÖÕ'Ï{×ÐÒØÚÙ×8ÓmÎÛrܹӏÝÊÙÞÜÐØÚÙßÑ–àáâÐãÎ(Û¹ÙßÑåäæçæèæé

43. oêëìvípqßí9ì+ðr2ï–ì
ôs/,[A; ýùDAö+üñùtø%/ü
uvRÐwNxOHyÚâ{z}|~v6yaVRagD|zÙ'€d܁z‚|ƒv6y
uvR„zwNxOHyÚâ{z}|~v6yXC€…v'Yj†S‡Nˆv‰€þÝ8|yQP'R8aVRagjUvŠPH‡'†‹†ÜŒ]‡€
uvR„zwNxOHyÚâ{z}|~v6yXC€…v'Yj†S‡Nˆv‰€?zŽ‡'UX[‡€ÜzŒOH€=‡aVRagjUvŠPH‡'†‹†ÜŒ]‡€
ô!w+ý$ö+÷BAÒûåù
ýC3-ý[;û:9#ý‡÷
þ÷

44. ý‘ö„÷

45. ýû+ü7
-øü,
’yHXH‡€z“OH€•”H‡TP|Wy[|–z‚|˜—[†Š™šv6yCP;|–z‚|ƒv›yVR
’yHXH‡€z“OH€•”H‡TPœžv6OH€3Nˆv‰€Ÿ‡V™n—TRmz
‡€z“OH€•”H‡TPœžv6OH€3Nˆv‰€Ÿ‡V™n—TRmz
‡€z“OH€•”H‡TP|Wy[|–z‚|˜—[†Š™šv6yCP;|–z‚|ƒv›yVR
‡€z“OH€•”—z}|~v6y
uv6yTzŒ€…v›†¡†¢|WyC£zŒQ‡£Š†Sv6”¤—[†¦¥‡n—z“Q‡€)§¨™“zmv›”[‡€ª©‘«¬‘«H«‹­

46. ®¯°ï±8𲳎ï3´¯²µ°w¶´ïj·q'¸ï´¯²
18km-shift
0 1 2 3 4 5 6¹7º8»9 10
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Iteration
J Total / 1000
Total Cost Function vs. Iteration in 4D-Var
112km-shift
uv6yTzŒ€…v›†¡†¢|WyC£zŒQ‡£Š†Sv6”¤—[†¦¥‡n—z“Q‡€)§¨™“zmv›”[‡€ª©‘«¬‘«H«‹­

47. ®¯°)¼±Š½²³¼´¯²¾q¯¿r·±¯qÀ´Á²ò°
0 500 1000 1500
J
10 8 6 4 2
Wind
i0t0
i0t6
i10t0
i10t6
uv6yTzŒ€…v›†¡†¢|WyC£zŒQ‡£Š†Sv6”¤—[†¦¥‡n—z“Q‡€)§¨™“zmv›”[‡€ª©‘«¬‘«H«‹­

48. ®¯°)¼±0½²³¼´¯²¾q¯¿r·±¯q¼·Â¾·q'¸¼½q·
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
J
10 8 6 4 2
Temperature
i0t0
i0t6
i10t0
i10t6
uv6yTzŒ€…v›†¡†¢|WyC£zŒQ‡£Š†Sv6”¤—[†¦¥‡n—z“Q‡€)§¨™“zmv›”[‡€ª©‘«¬‘«H«‹­

49. ò¾·q¼½q;Ä·ò´Á²´¼´Å¸r³¯²ò´¼´¯²°
uv6yTzŒ€…v›†¡†¢|WyC£zŒQ‡£Š†Sv6”¤—[†¦¥‡n—z“Q‡€)§¨™“zmv›”[‡€ª©‘«¬‘«H«‹­

50. ò¾·q¼½q;Ä·òÆǯ½q±¯q·³¸°)¼
uv6yTzŒ€…v›†¡†¢|WyC£zŒQ‡£Š†Sv6”¤—[†¦¥‡n—z“Q‡€)§¨™“zmv›”[‡€ª©‘«¬‘«H«‹­

51. o·q¼½q;Ä·òÆǯ½q±¯q·³¸°)¼
uv6yTzŒ€…v›†¡†¢|WyC£zŒQ‡£Š†Sv6”¤—[†¦¥‡n—z“Q‡€)§¨™“zmv›”[‡€ª©‘«¬‘«H«‹­

52. o·q¼½q;Ä·ò´Á²´¼´Å¸r³¯²ò´¼´¯²°
uv6yTzŒ€…v›†¡†¢|WyC£zŒQ‡£Š†Sv6”¤—[†¦¥‡n—z“Q‡€)§¨™“zmv›”[‡€ª©‘«¬‘«H«‹­

53. o·q¼½q;ĸ¼´¯²
uv6yTzŒ€…v›†¡†¢|WyC£zŒQ‡£Š†Sv6”¤—[†¦¥‡n—z“Q‡€)§¨™“zmv›”[‡€ª©‘«¬‘«H«‹­

54. oǸ°·È¯Ä)É›·³¼´Êµw·°
ôËý)üýÌý‡ü0 þýÍÎÏ…ÐÑË[ö9
’RÒ‡[|~£ŠC‡€Î€Ÿ‡RBv6†ÓOšz}|~v6y;ÔKUv¦€Ÿ‡—ž™T™'OH€—šzŽ‡aQ‡'€ÕR“|~v6yv'N8bbc
v'Ö‹N×—[z“QU‡|WyCX[‡‡€ÛzŒzŒQOH‡€Ü”¤‡{—Øz‚‡V|ƒv6™“zÙynRv'NP;|Z؇€=‡yšz†ƒ‡n—žPz‚|WU‡ÚR.v6yzŒC‡R{|ZT‡
|Ýyv¦RÒ€3v6zŒUQ‡‡£[€=‡Tve£;—[|~†Þv6Ôjy|WyQ™'†¡OCPH‡v6yH†–]zŒQ‡‡yC‡€Ÿ£']v'NßzŒQ‡U|ZRU—šzŽ™
X[b‡'vŠ€zŒP0O‘|NÊ€•]”¤—zŒz‚Q|ƒ‡v›yV™šRv›yšUzŒ|~€Ÿ£Šv6T†‘zaQ‡V”[™“‡zŽv‰—[€3†¡†SvnRB¥v‡Vz“P㝤Ô)—zà”HOšv6zy‘—H†^]†¡†Svn™V¥‡€zÒ—'|yzá]HX[‡Râv'NX[‡'€zŒO‘€•”¤—z‚|ƒv›yVR™šv6yTz}|yHOžv6OVR|yz}|U‡
äz“OQP]zŒQ‡‡Ú؇T™{zwv'N$UvŠP‘‡†0—[yQPX[‡'€z“OH€•”¤—šz}|~v6y‡€Ü€…v‰€
ô$
ýK–ýFH9)¹ýÌ5ýøŽü
™n’—VRÒRÒ‡‡z“R„QzŒ‡OQP0‡|~yQ‡‡'RÙ€Ÿ£zŽv]PHv'vNz“—Q‡RÒ™žX[—[‡†ƒ‡€ÛzŒ—HOHy¤€Ü”¤—[—†–]Vz‚R“|ƒv6|SRynRv'NÌ|WyzŒQzŒ‡Q‡v6yHO‘v‰€•€Ü€Å”|h™n|–z—HyQ‡Rm™š]nv›R„yQzŽ™T‡'‡'UXšz™šv6UXv›yQ‡yšz„R”—TRÒ‡TPv6yzŒC‡RÒv6†~—C€Î€Ÿ‡{勇T™“zŽv‰€
uv6yTzŒ€…v›†¡†¢|WyC£zŒQ‡£Š†Sv6”¤—[†¦¥‡n—z“Q‡€)§¨™“zmv›”[‡€ª©‘«¬‘«H«‹­