2. Invention
❖ Dmitri Mendeleev invented the period table in 1868, in
Russia
❖ He measured all of the known element’s atomic mass and
put them in order
❖ Mendeleev left empty spaces on his table where he
predicted new elements would be, some of which were
proven true during his lifetime
3. Organization
❖ The periodic tables is organized by atomic mass, least to
greatest, left to right
❖ Metals and nonmetals are grouped together, nonmetals on
the right side
❖ Rows are the periods, left to right, and the columns are
groups, up and down
4. Periods
Periods
❖ Elements in the same period, right to left, have the same
number atomic orbitals
❖ An atomic orbital is the space where electrons travel around
the nucleus, or in other words, the orbit of electrons
❖ In the first period, the atoms have one atomic orbital, the
second has two, the third has three, and so on
5. Groups
Groups
❖ Elements in the same group, up and down, have the same
number of electrons on their outer atomic orbital
❖ Because of this, the elements in the same group have some
of the same chemical properties
❖ Group 3-12 are called transitional metals, but the other
groups have different names, such as the nickel family, the
iron family, and so on
6. Carbon
❖ Atomic number is 6, atomic mass is 12.0107, symbol is C,
belongs to group 14, period 2, and is a nonmetal
❖ Carbon is used to form hydrocarbons such as crude oil,
which is used to make gasoline
❖ Diamonds and coal are both forms of carbon
7. Iron
❖ Atomic number is 26, atomic mass is 55.845, symbol is Fe,
belongs to group 8, period 4, and is a metal
❖ Important to the human body, it carries oxygen from the
lungs to other parts of the body
❖ Wrought iron and cast iron are both commonly used,
wrought iron mostly outside because of it’s resistance to
rust, and cast iron is used a lot in kitchens because of it’s
uniform heating ability
8. Zinc
❖ Atomic number is 30, atomic mass is 65.409, symbol is Zn,
belongs to group 12, period 4, and is a metal
❖ Used in toothpaste, sunscreen, and dandruff shampoo
❖ Also used for corrosive protection
9. Citations
❖ "DMITRI IVANOVICH MENDELEEV." DMITRI IVANOVICH MENDELEEV. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2012. <http://
www.woodrow.org/teachers/ci/1992/Mendeleev.html>.
❖ "Dmitri Mendeleev (1834-1907)." Dmitri Mendeleev. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2012. <http://www.corrosion-doctors.org/
Biographies/MendeleevBio.htm>.
❖ "Dmitri Mendeleev." History of the Periodic Table. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2012. <http://www.rsc.org/Education/Teachers/
Resources/periodictable/pre16/develop/mendeleev.htm>.
❖ "Elements as Building Blocks." Chem4Kids.com: Elements & Periodic Table: Periodic Table. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2012.
<http://www.chem4kids.com/files/elem_pertable.html>
❖ ."The Periodic Table." The Periodic Table. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Oct. 2012. <http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/ch412/perhist.htm >.
