1. Modifying DNA May Wipe Away Old
Memories and Physical reason for
chromosome's cylindrical shape
discovered
SERGIO ANDRES ROMERO SEGURO
MEDICINE STUDENT: III SEMESTER

2. FOLDING

3. FOLDING

4. INTRODUCTION
MODIFYING DNA MAY WIPE AWAY
OLD MEMORIES
AND
PHYSICAL REASON FOR
CHROMOSOME'S CYLINDRICAL
SHAPE DISCOVERED

5. Modifying DNA May Wipe
Away Old Memories
Adapted from Johannes Gräff, et al., Cell (2014)
N E W
STUDY
IN
MICE
SHOWS
THAT
MODIFYING THE MOLECULES THAT ATTACH
TO OUR DNA MAY OFFER A ROUTE TO
QUASHING PAINFUL MEMORIES.
N E U R O B I O L O G I S T
LI-HUEI
TSAI,
HAVE
NOW
UNCOVERED
A
CHEMICAL
MODIFICATION OF DNA THAT REGULATES
GENE ACTIVITY AND DICTATES WHETHER A
MEMORY
IS
TOO
OLD
FOR
RECONSOLIDATION IN MICE.

6. Modifying DNA May Wipe
Away Old Memories
Adapted from Johannes Gräff, et al., Cell (2014)
T H E
NEUROPLASTICITY IS THE AREA THAT THE TEAM
WORK USE TO DEVELOPED THIS TECHNIQUE, IN WHICH
THEY ATTENUATE AN OLD TRAUMATIC MEMORY BY THE
EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS.

7. Modifying DNA May Wipe
Away Old Memories
Adapted from Johannes Gräff, et al., Cell (2014)
T H E Y
DISCOVERED THAT HDAC2
WAS THE ENZYME THAT NEED TO
NITROSYLATED
TO
MAKE
A
CHANGE IN STRUCTURE OF THE
DNA HIPOCAMPUS AND BE ABLE TO
ATTENUATE
THE
TRAUMATIC
MEMORY.

8. Modifying DNA May Wipe
Away Old Memories
Adapted from Johannes Gräff, et al., Cell (2014)
T H E Y
NITROSYLATED THE
HDAC2 AND IN FACT THEY
GET
EXCELENT
RESULTS
SHOWING
IS
THE
FIRST
STUDY
TO
ATTENUATE
REMOTE—OLDER—FEAR
MEMORIES
IN
AN
ANIMAL
MODEL.

9. OBSERVATION
I THINK THAT THIS
INVESTIGATION IS JUST
AMAZING, IS LIKE A ALL
WORLD OF NEW
POSIBILITIES THAT CAN
MAKE THE DIFERENCE FOR
THE NEXT GENERATION OF
EPIGENETICS RESEARCH
WORKS.

10. Physical reason for
chromosome's cylindrical
shape discovered
Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 2014
N O
MATTER WHAT CELL WE ARE TALKING
ABOUT THE CHROMOSOME ARE ELONGATED
CYLINDERS
THAT
HAVE
RELATIVELY
SIMILAR SHAPE PROPORTIONS.

11. Physical reason for
chromosome's cylindrical
shape discovered
Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 2014
C H R O M O S O M E S
ARE
SMOOTH
CYLINDERS
BECAUSE
THIS
MORPHOLOGY HAS A LOWER SURFACE
ENERGY THAN STRUCTURES HAVING
IRREGULAR SURFACES.
T H I S
APPROACH GOES BEYOND THE
CAPABILITIES
OF
CURRENT
STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY BASED ON XRAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, BECAUSE IT
ALLOWS THE STUDY OF AN ENORMOUS
SUPRAMOLECULAR
ASSEMBLY
THAT
CANNOT BE CRYSTALLIZED.

12. Physical reason for
chromosome's cylindrical
shape discovered
Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 2014
.
IT IS DEMONSTRATED QUANTITATIVELY
THAT
INTERNUCLEOSOME
INTERACTIONS
BETWEEN CHROMATIN LAYERS CAN JUSTIFY
THE
WORK
REQUIRED
FOR
ELASTIC
CHROMOSOME STRETCHING.

13. Physical reason for
chromosome's cylindrical
shape discovered
Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 2014
T H I S
DISCOVERY LED TO THE THINPLATE
MODEL
IN
WHICH
IT
WAS
PROPOSED
THAT
CONDENSED
CHROMOSOMES ARE FORMED BY MANY
STACKED
LAYERS
OF
CHROMATIN
ORIENTED
PERPENDICULAR
TO
THE
CHROMOSOME AXIS.
I N
THE
CELL,
FOR
THE
CHROMOSOME
MITOSIS.
THIS MAY BE USEFUL
MAINTENANCE
OF
INTEGRITY
DURING

14. OBSERVATION
JUST THE REASON THAT EACH DAY ARE LEARNING MORE
ABOUT OUR DNA STRUCTURE IS JUST A BIG STEP TO THE
PREVENTION OF THE DNA DISORDERS AND EVEN MORE
IMPORTANT, UNDERSTAND THE WHY OF THE CELL AS
FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL UNIT.

15. MEDICAL UTILITY

16. MEDICAL UTILITY
T H E
NEUROPLASTICITY
PLUS
THE
EPIGENETICS
MODIFICATION
ARE
THE
DYNAMIC DUO THAT IN A
COUPLE
OF
YEARS
ARE
GOING TO SHOW A NEW
VIEW OF BENEFITS THAT
THE PEOPLE CAN ABOUT THE
PREVENTION
AND
REHABILITATION
OF
NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER

17. MEDICAL UTILITY
T H E
WHY OF THE THINGS
IS JUST THE BASIC REASON
FOR WHAT WE LIVE, AND
CREATE STABLE CELLS FOR
THE NEXT RESEARCHERS IS
JUST SO AMAZING THAT WE
CAN APPLY TO A NEW WORLD
OF
INVESTIGATION
WITH
MORE OPORTUNITIES

18. MEDICAL UTILITY
N O
MATTER HOW MUCH WE DEBATE
ABOUT THE MOLECULAR SCIENCE, IN
THERE BASES ARE THE ANSWERS THAT
WE NEED, AND FOR THAT AND MUCH
MORE CHARACTERISTICS WE NEED TO
WACH
WITH
GOOD
EYES
THE
ETICS
STUDYS ABOUT DNA AND THE CHANGES
THAT WE ARE GOING TO MAKE.

19. BIBLIOGRAPHY
M O D I F Y I N G
DNA
MAY
WIPE
AWAY
OLD
MEMORIES,HTTP://NEWS.SCIENCEMAG.ORG/BIOLOGY/2014/01/MODIFYING
-DNA-MAY-WIPE-AWAY-OLD-MEMORIES,ADAPTED FROM JOHANNES GRÄFF,
ET AL., CELL (2014),2014-01-17 12:15
P H Y S I C A L
REASON
FOR
CHROMOSOME'S
CYLINDRICAL
SHAPE
DISCOVERED
DATE:JANUARY 14, 2014
SOURCE:UNIVERSITAT
AUTÒNOMA
DE
BARCELONAJ.-R.
DABAN.
THE
ENERGY COMPONENTS OF STACKED CHROMATIN LAYERS EXPLAIN THE
MORPHOLOGY,
DIMENSIONS
AND
MECHANICAL
PROPERTIES
OF
METAPHASE
CHROMOSOMES.
JOURNAL
OF
THE
ROYAL
SOCIETY
INTERFACE, 2014; 11 (92): 20131043 DOI: 10.1098/RSIF.2013.1043
M A R T I N E Z
SANCHEZ,
LINA
MARIA.
BIOLOGIA
MEDELLIN: UPB.FAC. DE MEDICINA, 2012. P7
MOLECULAR.
7.
ED.