6. nouns tong hop

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Danh từ- Noun

Mục tiêu bài học
1. Tìm hiểu thế nào là danh từ, phân loại danh từ
2. Tìm hiểu về các chức năng của danh từ
3. Tìm hiểu về các từ chỉ số lượng đi kèm với danh từ

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Guiding questions- Câu hỏi định hướng

1. Danh từ được phân loại như thế nào? Định nghĩa từng loại
và cho ví dụ?
2. Danh từ đếm được được chia thành mấy loại nhỏ?
3. Danh từ số nhiều được thành lập ra sao?
4. Chức năng ngữ pháp của danh từ trong câu?
5. Danh từ số ít có thể đứng một mình được không? Danh từ số
nhiều có thể đứng một mình được không?


Guiding questions- Câu hỏi định hướng

6. Một danh từ có thể vừa là danh từ đếm được vừa là danh từ
không đếm được được không? Nếu có trường hợp đó, hãy
cho ví dụ?
7. Những từ chỉ số lượng nào có thể dùng với danh từ? phân biệt
từ chỉ số lượng chỉ đi với danh từ đếm được, hoặc chỉ đi với
danh từ không đếm được hoặc có thể đi với cả hai?
8. Phân biệt few và a few, little và a little


Danh từ- Định nghĩa và phân loại

Danh từ đếm được Danh từ không đếm được
Có thể đếm trực tiếp người, vật Không thể đếm trực tiếp. Phần
hay việc ấy. Phần lớn danh từ lớn danh từ trừu tượng đều
cụ thể đều thuộc vào loại đếm thuộc vào loại không đếm
được. (House, school, hospital) được. (water, milk, happiness)

Tồn tại ở hai dạng: danh từ số ít Chỉ tồn tại ở duy nhất một
và danh từ số nhiều dạng- được coi là dạng số ít
This news is very important.


Danh từ đếm được Danh từ không đếm được
* Dtừ số ít không thể đứng một • Không dùng với mạo từ a/
mình, phải dùng kèm với một an nhưng có thể đi với mạo
trong những từ sau:a/the/that/this/ từ the và tính từ sở hữu
tính từ sở hữu an information/ a happiness
* Dtừ số nhiều thì có thể đứng một Có thể nói: my happiness,
mình the happiness / a piece of
I like oranges/ Bottles can break news/ a bottle of water
I want an orange. (I want orange)



Danh từ số ít Danh từ số nhiều

Dtừ số nhiều (Ns) = Dtừ số ít + S/ ES
Book  books leaf  leaves
Day  days game  games
Church  churches kiss  kisses
Ngoài ra còn nhiều trường hợp đặc biệt khi chuyển từ dtừ số
ít sang số nhiều nữa


Qui tắc chuyển danh từ số ít sang số nhiều
Rule1: Lamp  lamps; cat  cats;
Thông thường chỉ cần thêm “s” fork  forks;
vào sau danh từ số ít flower  flowers; pen 
N + s = Ns pens
Rule 2
Những danh từ số ít kết thúc là : Mossmosses;
s,z,x,sh,ch  thêm “es” vào sau buzzbuzzes;
N + es = Ns box boxes; dish  dishes;
Rule 3 church  churches
Những danh từ kết thúc là “y”,
trước “y” là một phụ âm  biến Lady  ladies; city 
“y” thành “ies” cities; army  armies
N + ies = Ns

Rule 4: Boyboys; day
Danh từ số ít, kết thúc bằng “y”, nhưng days
trước “y” là một nguyên âm  Khi
chuyển sang số nhiều, thêm “s” như Rule
1 heroheroes;
Rule 5: grotto grottoes
Hầu hết những danh từ kết thúc bằng “o”,
trước đó là một phụ âm  chuyển sang số
nhiều bằng cách thêm “es” folio folios;
Rule 6: cameo cameos;
Hầu hết danh từ kết thúc bằng “o”, trước studio studios;
đó là một nguyên âm  chuyển sang số portfolio
nhiều bằng cách thêm “s” portfolios


Rule 6 beef beeves;
Một số danh từ kết thúc wife wives
bằng “f/fe”  khi chuyển Trường hợp đặc biệt:
sang số nhiều, biến “f/fe” chief, chiefs
thành “ves” fife, fifes
N (f/fe)  N (ves) mischief, mischiefs
hoof, hoofs
roof, roofs
grief, griefs
kerchief, kerchiefs
safe, safes


Danh từ- Noun
CHỨC NĂNG NGỮ PHÁP CỦA DANH TỪ
Làm chủ từ (subject) của một The man drove a car
động từ
Làm túc từ (object) trực tiếp hay He gave his lover a present
gián tiếp của một động từ
Làm bổ ngữ từ (complement) của She is a pretty girl
một động từ
Dùng với một giới từ để tạo thành He threw it out of my house
một ngữ giới từ (prepositional
phrase)

Bài tập phần danh từ
I. Change the following sentences from singular to plural
1. She is a beautiful lady 9. The child is in the garden
2. He is my cousin 10. The clock is on the wall
3. The pencil is on the desk 11. The orange is on the
4. The glass is in the kitchen table
5. The bus is on the corner 12. The watch is new
6. She is a pretty woman 13. It is a good picture
7. The salesman is in the 14. The dish is on the table
office 15. The key is on the table
8. The house is on the corner


Bài tập về danh từ
II. Change the following sentences from plural to singular
16. The babies are crying
17. Those men are driving new cars
18. There are some chairs in the office
19. Can you see any mice on the floor?
20. I have three bottles in my hands
21. They are decayed teeth
22. Can you see any witches in the picture?


II. Change the following sentences from plural to singular
23. Helen’s new dresses are very pretty
24. The boxes are empty
25. The churches are near here
26. The classes begin at 7 a.m
27. The men know their English well
28. The knives are next to the plates


III. Fill in the gaps with one of the following quantifiers
much, many
1. It seems to me that we've had ……….assignments in
English this term.
2. How ……….material can we be expected to read in one
week?
3. ……….books are not in the library.
4. I've had …………..headaches already because of stress.
5. ………..depression can be attributed to being
overworked.
6. I don’t drink……coffee

III. Fill in the gaps with one of the following quantifiers
much, many
7. I don’t have ……..money
8. He doesn’t have………friends
9. You don’t have………..time to do this test
10. How……….times have you been to England?
11. How ………work do you have to do?
12. Did you answer…………questions wrongly in the test?
13. Is there………milk in the fridge


IV. Choose the best answer
1. How ... milk do you want in your coffee? (many/much/
some)
2. I listened to ... music. (a/ much/ some)
3. I haven't got my camera, so I can't take ...
photographs.(some/ any/ much)
4. Paula hasn't got ... money. (many/ much/ some)
5. Are there ... empty shops in your village? (some/ a lot of/
much)


6. We met ... interesting people at the party. (a/ an/ some)
7. She didn't eat much for lunch, only ... apple. (some/ a/ an/
few)
8. How ... people are coming to the party? (many/ much/
some/ a lot of)
9. I drink ... tea.( much/ many/ a few/ a lot of)
10. There aren't ... hotels in this town. (many/ much/ some)


V. Fill with some of them: a few, a great deal, a little, a lot,
a lot of, many, much, plenty, several of, some
1. I'm having ……….of trouble passing my driving exam.
2. …………the movies were rated PG.
3. ………..information proved to be outdated.
4. We're close to the project deadline, but there is still
………time left.


V. Fill with some of them: a few, a great deal, a little, a
lot, a lot of, many, much, plenty, several of, some
5. Although there are ……….brilliant students in this state --
thousands, even, only …….will choose to remain in the
state after graduation.
6. Although ………of the lawn is open to the sun, there are
………..of shade trees to make it comfortable.
7. I think he drank ………..wine last night.
8. ………..the evidence was taken from the police safe last
night.


VI. Choose the best phrase to complete the gap
1. The receptionist at the front desk gave me two_ _____ _ .
a) informations b) information
c) pieces of information d) lots of information
2. My cousin is very beautiful. She has green eyes and__
a) long hair b) long hairs
c) a long hair d) a long length of hair
3._________ have you got in the bank? Is it enough to buy a
house?
a) How many moneys b) How many money
c) How much money d) How much moneys

4. On Saturday, my friend Paul went fishing and he caught__
a) three fish b) three fishes
c) three items of fish d) three of fish
5. Can I borrow_______ from you? I've left mine at home and I
want to write some notes.
a) Paper b) a paper
c) a slice of paper d) a piece of paper
6. How many__ ______ did the teacher give us today? He
always gives us a lot to do.
a) homework b) homeworks
c) a lot of homework d) pieces of homework


7. Every morning before I come to school, I spend thirty
minutes doing_ _____ _ .That's how I stay so slim.
a) exercise b) an exercise
c) some exercises d) some pieces of exercise
8. Your sister is a great pianist. She played________ at
the party.
a) a lovely music b) some lovely musics
c) lovely musics d) a lovely piece of music


VII. Fill in the gaps with some, any or a - an.
1. I’m really thirsty. I need______ __ water, please.
2. I went to the library, but I couldn’t find____ ____ books
about art.
3. Can you give me_______ __ coffee, please?
4. She sent_____ ___ postcards to her friends, but she didn’t
make_______ phone calls when she was in Britain.
5. It’s very sunny but there is only_________ child playing in
the street.
6. I bought__________ coffee, but I didn’t buy________ tea
or________ papaya.


7. Have you got__________ chocolate biscuits? I’m sorry,
there are____________ biscuits left.
8. “Mary, I’m afraid there isn’t__________ juice in the fridge
but there’s__________ pineapple.
9. They ate_____apples,___________ mango, but they didn’t
eat___________ oranges.
10. A. “Would you like___________ cheese? It’s delicious”.
B. “Ok, give me__________.”
11. Is there________ __ oil in the kitchen? No, there
isn’t_______ but there’s________butter.


VII. Fill with much, a lot of, some, any
When we got to the beach,___________ people were already
there, and we couldn't find a place to sit down. There
weren’t ____________ empty spaces near the beach, but
they were ______________ empty spaces a long way from
the sea. We walked along the beach for a while, but we
didn't have____________fun because we kept bumping
into people.


VII. Fill with much, a lot of, some, any
Finally, we decided to get back in the car and go down the
coast to the next beach. This was_____________ better;
there were only_____________ _ families on the beach, so
there was_______________ room to spread out our things.
Because we had eaten so_____________food in the car, all
we wanted to do was lie down, and after____________
minutes we were all dozing happily in the sun.


VIII. Choose “a little or a few”
1. I've got ___ money. Let's have coffee.
2. I've got ___ stamps that you can use.
3. I've got ___ time. Do you want to talk?
4. She can speak ___ Spanish.
5. I write ___ letters every week.
6. We had ___ rain last night.
7. They made ___ mistakes, but it was OK.
8. Let's go outside for ___ fresh air.
9. There are ___ new hotels since you last visited.


Đáp án bài tập về danh từ
I. Change the following 8. The houses are on the
sentences from singular to corners
plural 9. The children are in the
1. They are beautiful ladies gardens
2. They are my cousins 10.The clocks are on the wallsa
3. The pencils are on the desks 11.The oranges are on the
4. The glasses are in the tables
kitchens 12.The watches are new
5. The buses are on the corners 13.They are good pictures
6. They are pretty women 14.The dishes are on the tables
7. The salesmen are in the 15.The keys are on the tables
offices

II. Change the following 7. Can you see any witch in
sentences from plural to the picture?
singular 8. Helen’s new dress is very
1. The baby is crying pretty
2. That man is driving a new 9. The box is empty
car 10. The church is near here
3. There is a chair in the office 11. The class begins at 7 a.m
4. Can you see any mouse on 12. The man knows his English
the floor? well
5. I have a bottle in my hand 13. The knife is next to the plate
6. It is a decayed tooth


III. In the following sentences,
fill in the gaps with one of
the following quantifiers
much, many
1. many
8. many
2. much
9. much
3. Many.
10. many
4. many
11. much
5. much
12. many
6. much
13. much
7. Much


1. Much 2. Some 3. Any 4. Much 5. a lot of/ some
6. Some 7. An 8. Many 9. a lot of 10. many
V. Fill with some of them: a few, a great deal, a little, a lot, a
lot of, many, much, plenty, several of, some
1. A lot, a great deal, plenty 2. Several of
3. Some 4. a lot of
5. Many, a few 6. A great deal, some
7. Much 8. a lot of


VI. In each sentence, choose the best phrase to complete
the gap from the choices below
1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. C 8. D
1. some 2. Any 3. Some 4. Some; any 5. a
6. some, any, any 7. Any, some 8. Any, a
9. Some, a, any 10. Some, some 11. any, any, some


VIII. Fill with much, a lot of, some, any
A lot of  any  some  any  much  some a lot
of  much  some
IX. Choose “a little or a few”
1. A little 2. A few 3. A little
4. A little 5. A few 6. A little
7. A few 8. A little 9. A few


Reference

http://www.onlinemathlearning.com/countable-
uncountable-nouns.html (Cool!)


6. nouns tong hop

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