SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 13
Introduction to
Cryptographic Currencies
Claudio Orlandi
cs.au.dk/~orlandi
electronic money
Leave while you can!
• I will NOT talk about:
– Politics
– Economics
– …
• Coming up next:
– Algorithms
– Cryptography
– …
electronic money
Outline
• Part 0: a little history
• Part 1: TheoryCoin
– How to create coins
– How to transfer coins
– How to store coins
• Part 2: diff( , )
• Part 3: Problems and issues
electronic money
The 1990s
David Chaum and anonymous ecash
“The difference between
a bad electronic cash system
and well-developed digital cash
will determine whether
we will have a dictatorship
or a real democracy”
(attributed to Chaum)
electronic money
Anonymous payments
”withdraw”
”withdraw”
M or L?
electronic money
Chaum’s anonymous e-cash
anonymous
secure (no double-spending)
only transfer (no creation/storage)
…and bankrupted in 1999
electronic money
The advent of Bitcoin
• 2009: Bitcoin announced by Satoshi Nakamoto
– Pseudonym for person or group of person
• 2009-2011: slow start…
• 2011-2013: Silk Road and Dread Pirate Roberts
• End 2013: Bitcoin price skyrockets
– and the world notices!
electronic money
Outline
• Part 0: a little history
• Part 1: TheoryCoin
– How to create coins
– How to transfer coins
– How to store coins
• Part 2: diff( , )
• Part 3: Problems and issues
electronic money
TheoryCoin:
How to create money
1. Everyone
tries to solve a puzzle
2. The first one to solve
the puzzle gets 1 TC
3. The solution of puzzle i
defines puzzle i+1
electronic money
TheoryCoin:
How to create money
H
L ∈ {0,1}* R ∈ {0,1}*
T ∈ {0,1}d
SolvePuzzle(L){
repeat{
R = my_name || i++
T = H(L,R)
}while(T ≠ 0d)
return R
}
The puzzle:
given L, find R
such that T=0d
(a random function)
* aka Proof-of-Workelectronic money
TheoryCoin: (coins to ppl)
How to create money
H
x0 = Start! x1 =(P1, i1)
000…000
x2=(P2, i1)
H
000…000
x3=(P3, i3)
H
000…000
P3
P1
P2
x1
x1
x2 x2
x3
x3
* aka the blockchain
electronic money
x7=(P3, i7)x6=(P3, i6)
x5=(P5, i5)
x0=Start! x1=(P1, i1) x2=(P2, i2)
x3=(P3, i3)
x4=(P4, i4)
TheoryCoin:
How to create money
* aka the 51% attackelectronic money
TheoryCoin:
How to create money
Recap:
Solve the next puzzle  get a coin
– To “solve” puzzle i find xi s.t H(xi-1,xi)=0d
– The longest chain defines “next puzzle”
– The name in block xi “gets” coin i.
electronic money

More Related Content

Similar to Electronic money

Cole street presents: Bitcoin, the future of payment?
Cole street presents:  Bitcoin, the future of payment?Cole street presents:  Bitcoin, the future of payment?
Cole street presents: Bitcoin, the future of payment?
Wessel Kooyman
 

Similar to Electronic money (20)

Introducing blockchain
Introducing blockchainIntroducing blockchain
Introducing blockchain
 
Number theory
Number theoryNumber theory
Number theory
 
SMART Seminar Series: "Blockchain and its Applications". Presented by Prof Wi...
SMART Seminar Series: "Blockchain and its Applications". Presented by Prof Wi...SMART Seminar Series: "Blockchain and its Applications". Presented by Prof Wi...
SMART Seminar Series: "Blockchain and its Applications". Presented by Prof Wi...
 
Blockchain and Formal verification (English)
Blockchain and Formal verification (English)Blockchain and Formal verification (English)
Blockchain and Formal verification (English)
 
Blockchain & Cryptocurrency - Part I (Jose Paul Martin)
Blockchain & Cryptocurrency - Part I (Jose Paul Martin)Blockchain & Cryptocurrency - Part I (Jose Paul Martin)
Blockchain & Cryptocurrency - Part I (Jose Paul Martin)
 
PRESENTATION.pptx
PRESENTATION.pptxPRESENTATION.pptx
PRESENTATION.pptx
 
Ethereum: From there to here, and ownards yonder
Ethereum: From there to here, and ownards yonderEthereum: From there to here, and ownards yonder
Ethereum: From there to here, and ownards yonder
 
Introduction to smpc
Introduction to smpc Introduction to smpc
Introduction to smpc
 
Introduction to SMPC
Introduction to SMPCIntroduction to SMPC
Introduction to SMPC
 
Cryptocurrencies 101 v5 public
Cryptocurrencies 101 v5 publicCryptocurrencies 101 v5 public
Cryptocurrencies 101 v5 public
 
Bitcoin & blockchain for ordinary people
Bitcoin & blockchain for ordinary peopleBitcoin & blockchain for ordinary people
Bitcoin & blockchain for ordinary people
 
Become a cryptonomad
Become a cryptonomadBecome a cryptonomad
Become a cryptonomad
 
Cole street presents: Bitcoin, the future of payment?
Cole street presents:  Bitcoin, the future of payment?Cole street presents:  Bitcoin, the future of payment?
Cole street presents: Bitcoin, the future of payment?
 
Bitcoin - An Introduction
Bitcoin - An IntroductionBitcoin - An Introduction
Bitcoin - An Introduction
 
Bitcoin and Permissionless Innovation - The Dawn of Trustless Computing v.18
Bitcoin and Permissionless Innovation - The Dawn of Trustless Computing v.18Bitcoin and Permissionless Innovation - The Dawn of Trustless Computing v.18
Bitcoin and Permissionless Innovation - The Dawn of Trustless Computing v.18
 
Cryptocurrencies 101
Cryptocurrencies 101Cryptocurrencies 101
Cryptocurrencies 101
 
Introduction into blockchains and cryptocurrencies
Introduction into blockchains and cryptocurrenciesIntroduction into blockchains and cryptocurrencies
Introduction into blockchains and cryptocurrencies
 
Trick or Treat?: Bitcoin for Non-Believers, Cryptocurrencies for Cypherpunks
Trick or Treat?: Bitcoin for Non-Believers, Cryptocurrencies for CypherpunksTrick or Treat?: Bitcoin for Non-Believers, Cryptocurrencies for Cypherpunks
Trick or Treat?: Bitcoin for Non-Believers, Cryptocurrencies for Cypherpunks
 
The Bitcoin blockchain (en)
The Bitcoin blockchain (en)The Bitcoin blockchain (en)
The Bitcoin blockchain (en)
 
Blockchain Technology: A Technical Introduction to Non-Technical People
Blockchain Technology: A Technical Introduction to Non-Technical PeopleBlockchain Technology: A Technical Introduction to Non-Technical People
Blockchain Technology: A Technical Introduction to Non-Technical People
 

More from btlcoin token

More from btlcoin token (20)

Global payments community 2017
Global payments community 2017Global payments community 2017
Global payments community 2017
 
Coin token ico là gì
Coin token ico là gìCoin token ico là gì
Coin token ico là gì
 
Coin token ico
Coin token icoCoin token ico
Coin token ico
 
electronic money
electronic moneyelectronic money
electronic money
 
Coin token ico lionscoin
Coin token ico lionscoinCoin token ico lionscoin
Coin token ico lionscoin
 
Coin token ico
Coin token icoCoin token ico
Coin token ico
 
Global payments community
Global payments communityGlobal payments community
Global payments community
 
Btlcoin token electronic money
Btlcoin token electronic moneyBtlcoin token electronic money
Btlcoin token electronic money
 
Token btlcoin electronic money
Token btlcoin electronic moneyToken btlcoin electronic money
Token btlcoin electronic money
 
Token btlcoin money
Token btlcoin moneyToken btlcoin money
Token btlcoin money
 
Token btlcoin
Token btlcoinToken btlcoin
Token btlcoin
 
Token btlcoin btlcoin
Token btlcoin btlcoinToken btlcoin btlcoin
Token btlcoin btlcoin
 
Btlcoin token money lionscoin
Btlcoin token money lionscoinBtlcoin token money lionscoin
Btlcoin token money lionscoin
 
Btlcoin token
Btlcoin tokenBtlcoin token
Btlcoin token
 
Btlcoin token money
Btlcoin token moneyBtlcoin token money
Btlcoin token money
 
btlcoin token
btlcoin tokenbtlcoin token
btlcoin token
 
btl mastercard
btl mastercardbtl mastercard
btl mastercard
 
Btl mastercard
Btl mastercardBtl mastercard
Btl mastercard
 
Electronic money basics
Electronic money basicsElectronic money basics
Electronic money basics
 
Bitcoin electronic money
Bitcoin electronic moneyBitcoin electronic money
Bitcoin electronic money
 

Recently uploaded

( Pune ) VIP Pimpri Chinchwad Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | G...
( Pune ) VIP Pimpri Chinchwad Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | G...( Pune ) VIP Pimpri Chinchwad Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | G...
( Pune ) VIP Pimpri Chinchwad Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | G...
nilamkumrai
 
VIP Call Girls Pollachi 7001035870 Whatsapp Number, 24/07 Booking
VIP Call Girls Pollachi 7001035870 Whatsapp Number, 24/07 BookingVIP Call Girls Pollachi 7001035870 Whatsapp Number, 24/07 Booking
VIP Call Girls Pollachi 7001035870 Whatsapp Number, 24/07 Booking
dharasingh5698
 
Call Girls in Prashant Vihar, Delhi 💯 Call Us 🔝9953056974 🔝 Escort Service
Call Girls in Prashant Vihar, Delhi 💯 Call Us 🔝9953056974 🔝 Escort ServiceCall Girls in Prashant Vihar, Delhi 💯 Call Us 🔝9953056974 🔝 Escort Service
Call Girls in Prashant Vihar, Delhi 💯 Call Us 🔝9953056974 🔝 Escort Service
9953056974 Low Rate Call Girls In Saket, Delhi NCR
 
Lucknow ❤CALL GIRL 88759*99948 ❤CALL GIRLS IN Lucknow ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL
Lucknow ❤CALL GIRL 88759*99948 ❤CALL GIRLS IN Lucknow ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRLLucknow ❤CALL GIRL 88759*99948 ❤CALL GIRLS IN Lucknow ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL
Lucknow ❤CALL GIRL 88759*99948 ❤CALL GIRLS IN Lucknow ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL
imonikaupta
 
📱Dehradun Call Girls Service 📱☎️ +91'905,3900,678 ☎️📱 Call Girls In Dehradun 📱
📱Dehradun Call Girls Service 📱☎️ +91'905,3900,678 ☎️📱 Call Girls In Dehradun 📱📱Dehradun Call Girls Service 📱☎️ +91'905,3900,678 ☎️📱 Call Girls In Dehradun 📱
📱Dehradun Call Girls Service 📱☎️ +91'905,3900,678 ☎️📱 Call Girls In Dehradun 📱
@Chandigarh #call #Girls 9053900678 @Call #Girls in @Punjab 9053900678
 
( Pune ) VIP Baner Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | Girls Are Re...
( Pune ) VIP Baner Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | Girls Are Re...( Pune ) VIP Baner Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | Girls Are Re...
( Pune ) VIP Baner Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | Girls Are Re...
nilamkumrai
 

Recently uploaded (20)

( Pune ) VIP Pimpri Chinchwad Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | G...
( Pune ) VIP Pimpri Chinchwad Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | G...( Pune ) VIP Pimpri Chinchwad Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | G...
( Pune ) VIP Pimpri Chinchwad Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | G...
 
Real Escorts in Al Nahda +971524965298 Dubai Escorts Service
Real Escorts in Al Nahda +971524965298 Dubai Escorts ServiceReal Escorts in Al Nahda +971524965298 Dubai Escorts Service
Real Escorts in Al Nahda +971524965298 Dubai Escorts Service
 
Top Rated Pune Call Girls Daund ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Sex Servi...
Top Rated  Pune Call Girls Daund ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Sex Servi...Top Rated  Pune Call Girls Daund ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Sex Servi...
Top Rated Pune Call Girls Daund ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Sex Servi...
 
20240509 QFM015 Engineering Leadership Reading List April 2024.pdf
20240509 QFM015 Engineering Leadership Reading List April 2024.pdf20240509 QFM015 Engineering Leadership Reading List April 2024.pdf
20240509 QFM015 Engineering Leadership Reading List April 2024.pdf
 
VIP Call Girls Pollachi 7001035870 Whatsapp Number, 24/07 Booking
VIP Call Girls Pollachi 7001035870 Whatsapp Number, 24/07 BookingVIP Call Girls Pollachi 7001035870 Whatsapp Number, 24/07 Booking
VIP Call Girls Pollachi 7001035870 Whatsapp Number, 24/07 Booking
 
APNIC Updates presented by Paul Wilson at ARIN 53
APNIC Updates presented by Paul Wilson at ARIN 53APNIC Updates presented by Paul Wilson at ARIN 53
APNIC Updates presented by Paul Wilson at ARIN 53
 
Call Girls in Prashant Vihar, Delhi 💯 Call Us 🔝9953056974 🔝 Escort Service
Call Girls in Prashant Vihar, Delhi 💯 Call Us 🔝9953056974 🔝 Escort ServiceCall Girls in Prashant Vihar, Delhi 💯 Call Us 🔝9953056974 🔝 Escort Service
Call Girls in Prashant Vihar, Delhi 💯 Call Us 🔝9953056974 🔝 Escort Service
 
Lucknow ❤CALL GIRL 88759*99948 ❤CALL GIRLS IN Lucknow ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL
Lucknow ❤CALL GIRL 88759*99948 ❤CALL GIRLS IN Lucknow ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRLLucknow ❤CALL GIRL 88759*99948 ❤CALL GIRLS IN Lucknow ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL
Lucknow ❤CALL GIRL 88759*99948 ❤CALL GIRLS IN Lucknow ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL
 
Pirangut | Call Girls Pune Phone No 8005736733 Elite Escort Service Available...
Pirangut | Call Girls Pune Phone No 8005736733 Elite Escort Service Available...Pirangut | Call Girls Pune Phone No 8005736733 Elite Escort Service Available...
Pirangut | Call Girls Pune Phone No 8005736733 Elite Escort Service Available...
 
📱Dehradun Call Girls Service 📱☎️ +91'905,3900,678 ☎️📱 Call Girls In Dehradun 📱
📱Dehradun Call Girls Service 📱☎️ +91'905,3900,678 ☎️📱 Call Girls In Dehradun 📱📱Dehradun Call Girls Service 📱☎️ +91'905,3900,678 ☎️📱 Call Girls In Dehradun 📱
📱Dehradun Call Girls Service 📱☎️ +91'905,3900,678 ☎️📱 Call Girls In Dehradun 📱
 
Trump Diapers Over Dems t shirts Sweatshirt
Trump Diapers Over Dems t shirts SweatshirtTrump Diapers Over Dems t shirts Sweatshirt
Trump Diapers Over Dems t shirts Sweatshirt
 
VIP Model Call Girls Hadapsar ( Pune ) Call ON 9905417584 Starting High Prof...
VIP Model Call Girls Hadapsar ( Pune ) Call ON 9905417584 Starting  High Prof...VIP Model Call Girls Hadapsar ( Pune ) Call ON 9905417584 Starting  High Prof...
VIP Model Call Girls Hadapsar ( Pune ) Call ON 9905417584 Starting High Prof...
 
Russian Call Girls in %(+971524965298 )# Call Girls in Dubai
Russian Call Girls in %(+971524965298  )#  Call Girls in DubaiRussian Call Girls in %(+971524965298  )#  Call Girls in Dubai
Russian Call Girls in %(+971524965298 )# Call Girls in Dubai
 
Dubai=Desi Dubai Call Girls O525547819 Outdoor Call Girls Dubai
Dubai=Desi Dubai Call Girls O525547819 Outdoor Call Girls DubaiDubai=Desi Dubai Call Girls O525547819 Outdoor Call Girls Dubai
Dubai=Desi Dubai Call Girls O525547819 Outdoor Call Girls Dubai
 
Nanded City ( Call Girls ) Pune 6297143586 Hot Model With Sexy Bhabi Ready ...
Nanded City ( Call Girls ) Pune  6297143586  Hot Model With Sexy Bhabi Ready ...Nanded City ( Call Girls ) Pune  6297143586  Hot Model With Sexy Bhabi Ready ...
Nanded City ( Call Girls ) Pune 6297143586 Hot Model With Sexy Bhabi Ready ...
 
20240508 QFM014 Elixir Reading List April 2024.pdf
20240508 QFM014 Elixir Reading List April 2024.pdf20240508 QFM014 Elixir Reading List April 2024.pdf
20240508 QFM014 Elixir Reading List April 2024.pdf
 
( Pune ) VIP Baner Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | Girls Are Re...
( Pune ) VIP Baner Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | Girls Are Re...( Pune ) VIP Baner Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | Girls Are Re...
( Pune ) VIP Baner Call Girls 🎗️ 9352988975 Sizzling | Escorts | Girls Are Re...
 
𓀤Call On 7877925207 𓀤 Ahmedguda Call Girls Hot Model With Sexy Bhabi Ready Fo...
𓀤Call On 7877925207 𓀤 Ahmedguda Call Girls Hot Model With Sexy Bhabi Ready Fo...𓀤Call On 7877925207 𓀤 Ahmedguda Call Girls Hot Model With Sexy Bhabi Ready Fo...
𓀤Call On 7877925207 𓀤 Ahmedguda Call Girls Hot Model With Sexy Bhabi Ready Fo...
 
All Time Service Available Call Girls Mg Road 👌 ⏭️ 6378878445
All Time Service Available Call Girls Mg Road 👌 ⏭️ 6378878445All Time Service Available Call Girls Mg Road 👌 ⏭️ 6378878445
All Time Service Available Call Girls Mg Road 👌 ⏭️ 6378878445
 
Shikrapur - Call Girls in Pune Neha 8005736733 | 100% Gennuine High Class Ind...
Shikrapur - Call Girls in Pune Neha 8005736733 | 100% Gennuine High Class Ind...Shikrapur - Call Girls in Pune Neha 8005736733 | 100% Gennuine High Class Ind...
Shikrapur - Call Girls in Pune Neha 8005736733 | 100% Gennuine High Class Ind...
 

Electronic money

  • 1. Introduction to Cryptographic Currencies Claudio Orlandi cs.au.dk/~orlandi electronic money
  • 2. Leave while you can! • I will NOT talk about: – Politics – Economics – … • Coming up next: – Algorithms – Cryptography – … electronic money
  • 3. Outline • Part 0: a little history • Part 1: TheoryCoin – How to create coins – How to transfer coins – How to store coins • Part 2: diff( , ) • Part 3: Problems and issues electronic money
  • 4. The 1990s David Chaum and anonymous ecash “The difference between a bad electronic cash system and well-developed digital cash will determine whether we will have a dictatorship or a real democracy” (attributed to Chaum) electronic money
  • 6. Chaum’s anonymous e-cash anonymous secure (no double-spending) only transfer (no creation/storage) …and bankrupted in 1999 electronic money
  • 7. The advent of Bitcoin • 2009: Bitcoin announced by Satoshi Nakamoto – Pseudonym for person or group of person • 2009-2011: slow start… • 2011-2013: Silk Road and Dread Pirate Roberts • End 2013: Bitcoin price skyrockets – and the world notices! electronic money
  • 8. Outline • Part 0: a little history • Part 1: TheoryCoin – How to create coins – How to transfer coins – How to store coins • Part 2: diff( , ) • Part 3: Problems and issues electronic money
  • 9. TheoryCoin: How to create money 1. Everyone tries to solve a puzzle 2. The first one to solve the puzzle gets 1 TC 3. The solution of puzzle i defines puzzle i+1 electronic money
  • 10. TheoryCoin: How to create money H L ∈ {0,1}* R ∈ {0,1}* T ∈ {0,1}d SolvePuzzle(L){ repeat{ R = my_name || i++ T = H(L,R) }while(T ≠ 0d) return R } The puzzle: given L, find R such that T=0d (a random function) * aka Proof-of-Workelectronic money
  • 11. TheoryCoin: (coins to ppl) How to create money H x0 = Start! x1 =(P1, i1) 000…000 x2=(P2, i1) H 000…000 x3=(P3, i3) H 000…000 P3 P1 P2 x1 x1 x2 x2 x3 x3 * aka the blockchain electronic money
  • 12. x7=(P3, i7)x6=(P3, i6) x5=(P5, i5) x0=Start! x1=(P1, i1) x2=(P2, i2) x3=(P3, i3) x4=(P4, i4) TheoryCoin: How to create money * aka the 51% attackelectronic money
  • 13. TheoryCoin: How to create money Recap: Solve the next puzzle  get a coin – To “solve” puzzle i find xi s.t H(xi-1,xi)=0d – The longest chain defines “next puzzle” – The name in block xi “gets” coin i. electronic money