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BRITTNEE LAU, LAW 520I, INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS
CLINIC

DOMESTIC ENFORCEMENT
O F I N T E R N AT I O N A L L A W
TWO TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS

• Monist & Dualist . . . .& then there is the United States
MONIST LEGAL
SYSTEMS

• International law

integrates seamlessly
DUALIST

• Operates Seperately
• It may be persuasive, but

less persuasive than
monist countries
• Many times dualist

countries enact laws that
“copy” international law
expectations.
ENFORCEMENT
IN THE HOME
COUNTRY
MEH….
DEPENDS. THERE ARE EXAMPLES OF WHEN THE
I C C , I C J , O R T R E AT Y B O D I E S ’
R E C O M M E N D AT I O N S H A V E B E E N
IMPLEMENTED…
B U T, T H O S E E X A M P L E S
ARE EXCEPTIONS . . .
L A R G E LY, D O M E S T I C E N F O R C E M E N T O F
I N T E R N AT I O N A L L A W I S V E R Y

WEAK
EXAMPLES:
•
FORMER
Y U G O S L AV I A

Those who were punished
for serious war crimes were
given very

light

sentences.

• The ICC issues a sentence

and hands it over to the
domestic court to enforce.
Many times perpetrators
are release early.
F O R S TAT E S PA R T I E S

• If you ratified a treaty, you cannot make domestic law

that would obstruct the spirit and purpose of that
treaty.
H O R I Z O N TA L
I N T E R P E N E T R AT I O N
WHO HAS JDX?

NATIONAL FORUMS

H O M E S TA T E R E M E D Y

IMMUNITY
UNIVERSAL JURISDICTION DEF:

• A state has the jurisdiction to Define and Punish

certain offenses recognized by the community of
nations as of universal concern, such as, privacy, slave
trade, attacks on or hijacking of aircraft, genocide, war
crimse, and perhaps certain acts of terrorism. (1123)
H O M E S TAT E
REMEDIES

• You have the right , as a home state, to

protect your state and your citizens
• Mostly Civil Litigation
• U.S.
U.S. ENFORCEMENT

• Alien Tort Statute (ATS)
• Tortured Victims Protection Act (TVPA)
• Tort Claims Act (TCA)
• Sosa v. Alvarez
EUROPE

• Many european

countries claim
jurisdiction over
anyone who
injures one of its
citizens.
IMMUNITY

• Not Absolute
• Shift in thinking that

diplomats can be exempt
from ANYTHING under
ANY circumstance.
Questions?

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520 i

  • 1. BRITTNEE LAU, LAW 520I, INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS CLINIC DOMESTIC ENFORCEMENT O F I N T E R N AT I O N A L L A W
  • 2. TWO TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS • Monist & Dualist . . . .& then there is the United States
  • 3. MONIST LEGAL SYSTEMS • International law integrates seamlessly
  • 4. DUALIST • Operates Seperately • It may be persuasive, but less persuasive than monist countries • Many times dualist countries enact laws that “copy” international law expectations.
  • 7. DEPENDS. THERE ARE EXAMPLES OF WHEN THE I C C , I C J , O R T R E AT Y B O D I E S ’ R E C O M M E N D AT I O N S H A V E B E E N IMPLEMENTED…
  • 8. B U T, T H O S E E X A M P L E S ARE EXCEPTIONS . . .
  • 9. L A R G E LY, D O M E S T I C E N F O R C E M E N T O F I N T E R N AT I O N A L L A W I S V E R Y WEAK
  • 11. • FORMER Y U G O S L AV I A Those who were punished for serious war crimes were given very light sentences. • The ICC issues a sentence and hands it over to the domestic court to enforce. Many times perpetrators are release early.
  • 12. F O R S TAT E S PA R T I E S • If you ratified a treaty, you cannot make domestic law that would obstruct the spirit and purpose of that treaty.
  • 13. H O R I Z O N TA L I N T E R P E N E T R AT I O N
  • 14. WHO HAS JDX? NATIONAL FORUMS H O M E S TA T E R E M E D Y IMMUNITY
  • 15. UNIVERSAL JURISDICTION DEF: • A state has the jurisdiction to Define and Punish certain offenses recognized by the community of nations as of universal concern, such as, privacy, slave trade, attacks on or hijacking of aircraft, genocide, war crimse, and perhaps certain acts of terrorism. (1123)
  • 16. H O M E S TAT E REMEDIES • You have the right , as a home state, to protect your state and your citizens • Mostly Civil Litigation • U.S.
  • 17. U.S. ENFORCEMENT • Alien Tort Statute (ATS) • Tortured Victims Protection Act (TVPA) • Tort Claims Act (TCA) • Sosa v. Alvarez
  • 18. EUROPE • Many european countries claim jurisdiction over anyone who injures one of its citizens.
  • 19. IMMUNITY • Not Absolute • Shift in thinking that diplomats can be exempt from ANYTHING under ANY circumstance.