2. RATIONALE
• The ability to concentrate even with the existence
of external distraction, pressure or boredom will
have to take practice and self-discipline.
• This test aims to measure the concentration level of
an individual despite the interference of external
factors such as noise and time pressure.
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ARC TEST
3. THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
• Theoretical framework
Inattentional Deafness refers to “the partial
unawareness of the presence of such an aberrant
auditory stimulus (J.D. Blom, 2010).”
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ARC TEST
5. Methodology
• Participants
– 10 respondents
– 16-21 years old
– studying in Universities in Manila
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ARC TEST
6. Methodology
• Measures
– Bender-Gestalt Test
– Aranza-Rivera Concentration (ARC) Test
– Online Concentration & Focus Skills Test
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ARC TEST
7. Methodology
• Materials
– online computer game
– pen
– scoring sheet
– timer
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A ARC TEST
8. The ARC test requires any online computer game wherein players must search for hidden objects. For the observers, they need a basketball, a pen, scoring sheet
Methodology
•Procedure
1. In a quiet room with only the participant and the two
researchers, the participant will be asked to concentrate
on a picture and try to look for what is wrong in it.
2. At the back of the room, a researcher will wait for 30
seconds and will dribble a ball five times, not loud enough
to see if it will distract the participant. The other
researcher will be sitting in front of the participant to
observe if he/she will flinch or will take his/her eyes off
the picture.
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ARC TEST
9. Methodology
3. Still at the back of the room, a researcher will wait for another 15
seconds and will dribble a ball five times, but this time she will
dribble louder. Again, the other researcher will observe the
participant.
4. After another 15 seconds, a researcher will move to the far side of
the participant and will dribble the ball five times with the same
noise level as before. The other researcher will observe.
5. After another 15 seconds, a researcher will move in front of the
participant and do the same dribbling while the other researcher
observes.
6. Lastly, a researcher will fake and pass the ball near the
participant’s seat while the other researcher will observe the
participant.
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ARC TEST
10. Methodology
• Scoring
– Each place where the researcher will dribble represents
the level of concentration of the participant.
– The observer will mark (o) if the participant glanced or
told the researcher that she is distracting him or her.
One point will be deducted from the final score of five
for each (o) mark.
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ARC TEST
13. Methodology
• Scoring
– If the participant was totally distracted to the point
of stopping his or her task, the observer will mark
the level with an (x). Two points will be deducted
from the final score for each (x) mark.
– The higher the intensity of the noise that the
participant* ignored, the higher is his or her
concentration level.
*given that the subject has no minimal brain damage
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ARC TEST
14. Methodology
• Validity
• The proponents used the correlation validity scale.
Scale wherein the results of the newly developed
test are correlated with the results of an existing
validated test. The results of the ARC test is slightly
correlated with the results of the Concentration and
Focus Skills test making it valid.
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ARC TEST
16. Methodology
• Reliability
– Using the Inter-rater reliability test the two
researchers compared their observations of
the participant’s scores on the ARC test.
– 90% reliability
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ARC TEST
17. Methodology
Level # Level #
Respondent # Score Respondent # Score
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
1 o 9 1 o 9
2 o o 8 2 o o 8
3 10 3 10
4 10 4 10
5 o o 8 5 o o 8
6 10 6 10
7 10 7 10
8 o 9 8 o 9
9 10 9 10
10 10 10 o 9
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ARC TEST
18. APPLICATION
• ARC test can be used by anyone who desires to
evaluate another person’s concentration level using
only simple materials that can be easily found at
home such as online computer games and a ball.
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ARC TEST
Editor's Notes
WHAT IS CONCENTRATION?Concentration is putting one’s complete attention on one thing. It helps improve one’s memory, ability to study, capability to work efficiently and many other things (Sasson, 2007).
It is a term introduced in or shortly before 1995 by the American psychologists Arien Mack and Irvin Rock.
An individual is assumed to have higher level of concentration when he or she can ignore the aberrant auditory/visual stimulus in concentrating on a given task. Otherwise, the individual has lower concentration level.
Bender-GestaltTestThe Bender-Gestalt test was used to isolate subjects who have brain damage or disorder. It is a test used to evaluate individuals’ visual maturity, visual motor integration skills, style of responding, reaction to frustration, ability to correct mistakes, planning and organizational skills, and motivation.Concentration Test Authored by Paul Newton and Helen Bristoll, the concentration tests are speed tests which aim to measure not only the speed but also the person’s ability to work effectively and systematically. Since the proponents’ test does not include time to complete the task, they used this concentration test to measure the individual’s concentration under time pressure.Aranza-Rivera Concentration (ARC) TestThe Aranza-Rivera Concentration (ARC) test is a test measuring the concentration level of an individual despite the interference of an external factor which is noise. The ARC test includes 5 levels of noise distraction wherein each level represents the level of concentration of the participant. The higher the intensity of the noise that the participant ignored, the higher is his or her concentration level.Concentration & Focus Skills TestThis is an online concentration test developed by experts in Psychology. The researchers decided to use this test from PsychologyToday.com – an online psychology magazine wherein experts in psychology and psychiatry from different parts of the world are gathered to develop online psychological tests that are available for everyone. Since this is the only valid concentration test available, the proponents decided to use this test for validation purposes.
The ARC test requires any online computer game wherein players must search for hidden objects. For the observers, they need a basketball, a pen, scoring sheet and a timer.
All of their observations matched except for the last participant. 9 out of 10 of their observations matched yielding to 90% reliability.
