#DataVizInSixWeeks, Week 4 - Design issues
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DataVizInSixWeeks is an Introduction to Visual Analytics course taught at OCAD University in Toronto
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#DataVizInSixWeeks, Week 4 - Design issues
- 2. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Week One What is data visualization? Historical context Week Four Design issues & best practices Week Two Visualization types Week Five Big data, data management Week Three Perception and cognition Week Six Synthesis Data Viz In Six Weeks An Introduction to Visual Analytics course taught at OCAD University, Toronto By Anne Stevens
- 3. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Design issues & best practices 3D Graphical integrity Data density Interaction Colour Metaphor
- 4. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Graphical integrity 3D Graphical integrity Data density Interaction Colour Metaphor
- 6. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens The representation of numbers, as physically measured on the surface of the graphic itself, should be directly proportional to the quantities represented. (Edward Tufte)
- 7. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens The Lie Factor Lie Factor = Size of effect in data Size of effect shown in graphic
- 8. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Lie Factor = 18.0 27.5 – 18.0 x 100% = 53%
- 9. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Data / ink ratio Data-ink ratio = total ink used to print the graphic data-ink proportion of a graphic’s ink devoted to the non-redundant display of data-information = 1.0 – proportion of a graphic that can be erased without loss of data information (Edward Tufte) =
- 10. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens William Playfair Scottish Imports and Exports
- 11. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Edward Tufte The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
- 12. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Edward Tufte The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
- 13. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Edward Tufte The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
- 14. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Data density 3D Graphical integrity Data density Interaction Colour Metaphor
- 15. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Context is king Edward Tufte The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
- 16. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Edward Tufte The Visual Display of Quantitative Information
- 17. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens High density vs summary information Edward Tufte The Visual Display of Quantitative Information Summary graphics can emerge from high-information displays, but there is nowhere to go if we begin with a low-information design. (Edward Tufte)
- 18. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Data-rich designs give context and credibility to statistical evidence. Low-information designs are suspect: what is left out, what is hidden, why are we shown so little? (Edward Tufte)
- 19. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Pies – very low density
- 20. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Pies in context
- 21. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Interaction 3D Graphical integrity Data density Interaction Colour Metaphor
- 22. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Fully non-interactive
- 24. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Filter lists vs. animated transitions
- 26. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Animated transitions Fathom Information Design, for GE http://fathom.info/kitchen
- 27. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Direct manipulation Brava prototype Borzu Talaie
- 30. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens The Bertifier Charles Perin. The Bertifier bertifier.com
- 31. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Overview + detail (preserve context) xamOverviewPlusDetailPan (top left), TableLens. Rao and Card (bottom left)
- 32. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Overview + detail (preserve context)
- 33. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Movement: activity & context
- 34. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Lev Manovich Lev Manovich et al. Cultural Analytics – Mark Rothko Paintings youtube.com/watch?v=-YlT1qFhJhk
- 35. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens 3D 3D Graphical integrity Data density Interaction Colour Metaphor
- 36. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Three dimensions of data
- 37. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Colour 3D Graphical integrity Data density Interaction Colour Metaphor
- 39. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Redundant coding Stevens et al. Care and Condition Monitor
- 40. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Visual metaphor 3D Graphical integrity Data density Interaction Colour Metaphor
- 41. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Metaphor theory Fundamental spatial metaphors Up, down Fast, slow Inside, outside Warm, cold Complex metaphors are built on simpler metaphors
- 42. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Visual metaphors - flags Icaro Doria, Meet the World brazilianartists.net/home/flags/index.htm
- 43. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Visual metaphors
- 45. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Metaphors of buildings Luisa Bufardeci, Ground Plan louisabufardeci.net/pages/groundPlan/gp.html
- 46. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Metaphors of technology
- 47. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Metaphors of metaphors Global Tube Map thisiscolossal.com/2011/06/global-tube-map/
- 48. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Design issues & best practices 3D Graphical integrity Data density Interaction Colour Metaphor
- 49. #DataVizInSixWeeks Copyright Anne Stevens Week One What is data visualization? Historical context Week Four Design issues & best practices Week Two Visualization types Week Five Big data, data management Week Three Perception and cognition Week Six Synthesis Data Viz In Six Weeks An Introduction to Visual Analytics course taught at OCAD University, Toronto By Anne Stevens stevensanne.com stevensanne.com/blog/ @3_ring_binder
Editor's Notes
- If you know 1 dataViz guru … The Visual Display of Quantitative Information Statistician, very concerned with precision of charts, so that they don’t dumb down the numbers. Wk: 1: a framework of rules to distinguish data viz from info viz. Thinks of graphics sim to Golden Age of SG: crunch the numbers first, then find the best viz to represent it. Rigidly rejects: icon, metaphor, 3D Artistic vis, graphic design Chart junk
- Book is full of rules, typically straightforward. The single biggest threat to a presentation is cherry-picked data – or sources. Ask yourself: am I seeing all the data, or just some of the data?
- Book filled with rhetoric of “lies”, deceit, distortion, suspicion, manipulation. Lie factor < 0.95 or > 1.05 = substantial distortion. Logarithm of the LF
- Context trumps data/ink ratio law
- Suspicion, again. Drill down. Provide all the data
- If you have high density, multi-dimensional, layered viz’s You need to be able to drill down, move up, pan, zoom, select, filter Brings us to the importance of interaction.
- William Playfair, 1780s, Scottish imports & exports Static image, for presentation only. No layers, filters / interaction / live data / aggregation. TODAY big data/live data demand computation and interaction to make sense of it. TODAY computers let us do live data, interact, save parameters and searches, scroll in time. As soon as we are talking about computerization, we have to think about UX and IxD.
- What would you rather have: post-card/map of venice or explore it yourself? what’s left out? / - not live / - not current Want to explore for yourself Exploration: multiple readings, experiences Build your own mental maps: better understanding of underlying data. Different visitor / user experience
- Even worse – query lists - when you have to leave the viz space entirely. Query lists Bill Buxton: have to pay as much attention to designing the transitions to designing the static states.
- Compare to instant transitions in Tableau and Many Eyes. Appliance view: add Range. Movement as preattentive feature Preattentive perception re. movement Helps preserve context & create meaning
- DM and touchscreen - Multiple ways to interact - encourages exploration - Fewer error messages, less frustration
- Play with your data Touch screen possibilities
- Preserves context
- Preserves context
- Watch video up to Births/Deaths Movement helps show real time activity, while preserving context Trail Chart: starts 3:40 mins: trails and tails
- Refuses to reduce data to primitive forms. Look at data impressionistically. Zoom, filter, detail on demand, context, scale, movement Full size image, not abstract/primitive dots. Analyse art as image and data at the same time.
- Tufte re. metaphor Largely descriptive metaphors … don’t contribute much to the substance at hand. Such metaphors are inevitably dequantified, turning data into vague, cute shapes. Metaphor Theory in comm’n & cognition: George Lakoff Development of metaphorical concepts during normal childhood development Complex metaphors are made up of simpler ones. And so it is with visual language. Like Gestalt phenomena, we have evolved to use metaphor to communicate.
- It is important to understand the rich heritage of metaphor. But also to understand that metaphors are not universal.
- But also to understand that metaphors are not universal.
- Metaphor is part of visual communication in data viz as much as any other medium.
- What about Tableau re. interactivity, metaphor, 3D, colour, graphic integrity